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'''Chaar Bayt''' is a 400-year-old traditional performing art, performed by a group of artists or singers. Chaar Bayt or Four Stanzas is a form of folklore and performing art. It still alive today mainly in Rampur (Uttar Pradesh), Tonk (Rajasthan), Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh) and Hyderabad (Andhra Pradesh).<ref name="thehindu1">{{cite news | url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-newdelhi/Enjoy-ldquoChaar-Baytrdquo-poetry-this-weekend/article15362060.ece | title=Enjoy "Chaar Bayt" poetry this weekend | date=17 December 2008 | newspaper=The Hindu | accessdate=27 June 2018 }}</ref> Sangeet Natak Academy recognized it as a traditional folk art form.<br />
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==Origin==<br />
The poetic form trace back to the 7th century in Arabia with the name ''Rajeez''.<ref>[http://www.paramparaproject.org/UP-performing-arts.html :: Parampara Project | Performing arts of Uttar Pradesh<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> The origin of the word "Chaar Bayt" can be traced back to the Persian language where it refers to a four-stanzas poetry in which each stanza is composed of four lines. The poetry is sung accompanied by [[Daf]], a percussion instrument of Arab origin.<ref name="thehindu1"/><br />
This art form came from Persia to India via Afghanistan. Mostly accepted source is the Afghani soldiers in the Mughal army brought this art to India.<br />
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==Composition==<br />
Earlier, it was composed in Persian and Pashtu, however, later it came to be composed in Urdu also. The form gradually became embedded in local culture and began to borrow its idiom from the folk. The "Chaar Bayt" poetry exudes the same sensuousness as the Urdu Ghazal.<br />
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==Present artists groups==<br />
* Babban Sultani performing group from [[Rampur, Uttar Pradesh|Rampur]] in Uttar Pradesh.<br />
* Badshah Khan and troupe from [[Tonk, India|Tonk]] in Rajasthan.<br />
* Masood Hashmi and troupe from [[Bhopal]] in Madhya Pradesh.<br />
* Some local troupes from [[Hyderabad (Deccan)|Hyderabad]] of [[Telangana]].<ref>[http://www.sangeetnatak.gov.in/ICH-Inventory/02-Chaar-Bayt.html Chaar-Bayt<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714124339/http://www.sangeetnatak.gov.in/ICH-Inventory/02-Chaar-Bayt.html |date=14 July 2014 }}</ref><br />
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==Theme of the art==<br />
Usually, "Chaar Bayt" is a long poem with a chain of four stanzas describing about war, bravery, romance and sometimes spirituality. In earlier period it has a Sufi mystic spiritual theme, later socio-political issues became the dominant subjects of the theme.<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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[[Category:Indian folklore]]<br />
[[Category:Islam in India]]<br />
[[Category:Urdu-language literature]]<br />
[[Category:Uttar Pradesh folklore]]<br />
[[Category:Rampur, Uttar Pradesh]]<br />
[[Category:Performing arts in India]]<br />
[[Category:Indian folk music]]</div>2.49.187.229