https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Celt_%28tool%29Celt (tool) - Revision history2026-09-07T11:37:49ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Celt_(tool)&diff=403780&oldid=prevAjay Kumar: Created a new article2023-08-08T08:40:48Z<p>Created a new article</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Prehistoric tool}}<br />
{{refimprove|date=April 2016}}<br />
[[Image:Olmec celts from Met.jpg|thumb|250px|Three [[Olmec]] celts. The one in the foreground is incised with an image of an Olmec figure.]][[Image:Celt tool Transyslvania.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Celts from Transylvania.]]<br />
<br />
In [[archaeology]], a '''celt''' {{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|ɛ|l|t}} is a long, thin, [[prehistoric]], stone or [[bronze]] tool similar to an [[adze]], [[hoe (tool)|hoe]], or [[axe]].<br />
<br />
A [[shoe-last celt]] was a polished stone tool used during the early European [[Neolithic]] for felling trees and woodworking.<br />
<br />
==Etymology==<br />
The term "celt" seems to have come about from a copyist's error in many medieval manuscript copies of [[Book of Job|Job]] 19:24 in the Latin [[Vulgate]] Bible, which became enshrined in the authoritative [[Sixto-Clementine Vulgate|Sixto-Clementine]] printed edition of 1592. Where all earlier versions<ref name="Gibson1899"/> (the [[Codex Amiatinus]], for example) have ''vel certe'' (the Latin for 'but surely'), the Sixto-Clementine has ''vel celte''. The Hebrew has לעד (''lā‘aḏ'') at this point, which means 'forever'. The editors of the [[Oxford English Dictionary]] "[incline] to the belief that ''celtis'' was a phantom word,"<ref name="Laistner1925"/> simply a misspelling of ''certe''. However, some scholars over the years have treated ''celtis'' as a real Latin word.<ref name="Laistner1925"/><ref name="Burns1995"/><br />
<br />
From the context of Job 19:24 ("Oh, that my words were inscribed with an iron tool on lead, or engraved in rock forever!"), the Latin word ''celte'' was assumed to be some kind of ancient [[chisel]]. Eighteenth-century [[antiquarian]]s, such as {{Interlanguage link multi|Lorenz Beger|de|Lorenz Beger|fr|Lorenz Beger}}, adopted the word for the [[stone tool|stone]] and bronze tools they were finding at prehistoric sites; the ''OED'' suggests that a "fancied etymological connexion"<ref name="Burns1995"/> with the [[Celts|prehistoric Celts]] assisted its passage into common use.<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
* {{annotated link|Hapax legomenon}} <br />
* {{annotated link|Palstave}} <br />
* {{annotated link|Rattleback}}<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<references><br />
<ref name="Burns1995">[[Oxford English Dictionary]] entry for "CELT (2)," quoted in {{cite web |url=https://listserv.heanet.ie/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind9507&L=CELTIC-L&P=2539 |title=Re: the word Celt. |author=Martin Burns |website=CELTIC-L, The Celtic Culture List |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717081415/https://listserv.heanet.ie/cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind9507&L=CELTIC-L&P=2539 |archive-date=2011-07-17}}</ref><br />
<br />
<ref name="Gibson1899">{{cite book |title=The Book of Job (Westminster Commentaries) |author=Edgar C. S. Gibson |editor=Walter Lock |publisher=Methuen & Co. |location=London |year=1899 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uQZFAQAAMAAJ&q=celte&pg=PA98 |access-date=2020-09-27}}</ref><br />
<br />
<ref name="Laistner1925">{{cite journal|jstor=636281|title=Floscvli Philoxenei [Flosculi Philoxenei] |author=M. L. W. Laistner |date=1925-01-01 |journal=The Classical Quarterly |volume=19 |issue=3/4 |pages=192–195 |doi=10.1017/S0009838800015846}}</ref><br />
</references><br />
<br />
==External links==<br />
* {{Cite EB1911 |wstitle=Celt (tool)}}<br />
<br />
{{Prehistoric technology| state=expanded}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Lithics]]<br />
[[Category:Archaeological artefact types]]</div>Ajay Kumar