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← Older revision		Revision as of 23:50, 11 November 2022
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	{{distinguish\|Captain (naval)\|Sea captain}}		{{distinguish\|Captain (naval)\|Sea captain}}
	{{short description\|Army and air force officer rank (OF-2)}}		{{short description\|Army and air force officer rank (OF-2)}}
	{{Missing info\|conditions of achieving this rank, promotion requirements, service length, authorities and responsibilities\|date=November ~~2022~~}}		{{Missing info\|conditions of achieving this rank, promotion requirements, service length, authorities and responsibilities\|date=November 2018}}
	{{Military ranks}}		{{Military ranks}}
	[[File:Aarne juutilainen1939.jpg\|thumb\|upright\|Captain [[Aarne Juutilainen]], also called "The Terror of Morocco" by Finnish troops, was well known as a soldier in the [[French Foreign Legion]] and one of the war heroes of the [[Winter War]].<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Marokon Kauhu\|trans-title=Terror of Morocco\|last=Mäkelä\|first=Jukka L.\|publisher=W. Söderström (WSOY)\|location=Porvoo\|language=Finnish\|year=1969\|oclc=3935082}}</ref>]]		[[File:Aarne juutilainen1939.jpg\|thumb\|upright\|Captain [[Aarne Juutilainen]], also called "The Terror of Morocco" by Finnish troops, was well known as a soldier in the [[French Foreign Legion]] and one of the war heroes of the [[Winter War]].<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Marokon Kauhu\|trans-title=Terror of Morocco\|last=Mäkelä\|first=Jukka L.\|publisher=W. Söderström (WSOY)\|location=Porvoo\|language=Finnish\|year=1969\|oclc=3935082}}</ref>]]

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2022-11-11T18:20:53Z

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New page

{{distinguish|Captain (naval)|Sea captain}}
{{short description|Army and air force officer rank (OF-2)}}
{{Missing info|conditions of achieving this rank, promotion requirements, service length, authorities and responsibilities|date=November 2022}}
{{Military ranks}}
[[File:Aarne juutilainen1939.jpg|thumb|upright|Captain [[Aarne Juutilainen]], also called "The Terror of Morocco" by Finnish troops, was well known as a soldier in the [[French Foreign Legion]] and one of the war heroes of the [[Winter War]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Marokon Kauhu|trans-title=Terror of Morocco|last=Mäkelä|first=Jukka L.|publisher=W. Söderström (WSOY)|location=Porvoo|language=Finnish|year=1969|oclc=3935082}}</ref>]]
The army rank of '''captain''' (from the French {{lang|fr|capitaine}}) is a [[Officer (armed forces)|commissioned officer]] rank historically corresponding to the command of a [[company (military unit)|company]] of soldiers. The rank is also used by some [[air force]]s and [[Marines|marine forces]]. Today, a captain is typically either the commander or [[second-in-command]] of a company or [[artillery battery]] (or [[United States Army]] [[Armoured cavalry|cavalry]] [[troop]] or [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] [[squadron (army)|squadron]]). In the [[China|Chinese]] [[People's Liberation Army]], a captain may also command a [[company (military unit)|company]], or be the second-in-command of a [[battalion]].

In some militaries, such as United States Army and Air Force and the British Army, captain is the entry-level rank for officer candidates possessing a professional degree, namely, most medical professionals (doctors, pharmacists, dentists) and lawyers. In the U.S. Army, lawyers who are not already officers at captain rank or above enter as lieutenants during training, and are promoted to the rank of captain after completion of their training if they are in the active component, or after a certain amount of time, usually one year from their date of commission as a lieutenant, for the reserve components.

The rank of captain should not be confused with the [[Captain (naval)|naval rank of captain]], or with the UK-influenced air force rank of [[group captain]], both of which are equivalent to the army rank of [[colonel]].

==History==
{{noref|section|date=May 2021}}
The term ultimately goes back to [[Late Latin]] {{lang|la|capitaneus}} meaning "chief, prominent";<ref>{{L&S|capitaneus|căpĭtānĕus|ref}}</ref> in [[Middle English]] adopted as ''capitayn'' in the 14th century, from [[Old French]] ''capitaine''.

The military rank of captain was in use from the 1560s, referring to an officer who commands a company. The naval sense, an officer who commands a [[man-of-war]], is somewhat earlier, from the 1550s, later extended in meaning to "master or commander of any kind of vessel".
A captain in the period prior to the professionalization of the armed services of European nations subsequent to the [[French Revolution]], during the [[Early modern warfare|early modern period]], was a nobleman who purchased the right to head a company from the previous holder of that right. He would in turn receive money from another nobleman to serve as his [[lieutenant]]. The funding to provide for the troops came from the monarch or his government; the captain had to be responsible for it. If he was not, or was otherwise court-martialed, he would be dismissed ("[[cashiering|cashiered]]"), and the monarch would receive money from another nobleman to command the company. Otherwise, the only pension for the captain was selling the right to another nobleman when he was ready to retire.

==Air forces==
Many air forces, such as the [[United States Air Force]], use a rank structure and insignia similar to those of the army.

However, the [[United Kingdom]]'s [[Royal Air Force]], many other [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] air forces and a few non-Commonwealth air forces<ref>Non-Commonwealth air forces using an air force-specific rank structure include the [[Egyptian Air Force]], [[Hellenic Air Force]], [[Royal Air Force of Oman]], [[Royal Thai Air Force]] and the [[Air Force of Zimbabwe]].</ref> use an air force-specific rank structure in which [[flight lieutenant]] is OF-2. A [[group captain]] is derived from the naval rank of captain.

Canada is a unique exception. Due to the unification of the [[Canadian Armed Forces]] in 1968, the [[Royal Canadian Air Force|air force]] rank titles are the same as those of the Canadian Army. However, like their Commonwealth counterparts, rank braids are pearl grey and increase in half strip increments. The decision was taken not to restore the historic rank titles for the RCAF due to it being deemed 'too confusing'. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rcaf-arc.forces.gc.ca/en/article-template-standard.page?doc=new-insignia-for-the-royal-canadian-air-force/i0dsl28w|title=Article - Royal Canadian Air Force - Backgrounder - New insignia for the Royal Canadian Air Force|first=Government of Canada, National Defence, Royal Canadian Air|last=Force|website=www.rcaf-arc.forces.gc.ca}}</ref>

==Insignia==
===Army===
<gallery class="center">

File:Argentina-Army-OF-2.svg|[[Argentine Army]] ({{lang|es|Capitán}})
File:Australian Army OF-2.svg|[[Australian Army]]
File:Bangladesh-army-OF-2.svg|[[Bangladesh Army]]
File:Army-BEL-OF-02b.svg|[[Belgian Land Component]]
File:Bosnia and Herzegovina Captain Insignia.svg|[[Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
File:Barzil-Army-OF-2.svg|[[Brazilian Army]] ({{lang|pt-BR|Capitão}})
File:British Army OF-2.svg|[[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|British Army/Royal Marines]]
File:Canadian Army OF-2.svg|[[Canadian Army]]
File:Rank insignia of capital of the Colombian Army.svg|[[Colombian Army]]
File:CzArmy 2011 OF2-Kapitan shoulder.svg|{{lang|cs|Kapitán}} [[Military of the Czech Republic|Czech Republic Army]]
File:Kapteeni kauluslaatta.svg|{{lang|fi|Kapteeni}} [[Finnish Defence Force]]
File:Army-FRA-OF-02.svg|{{lang|fr|Capitaine}} [[French Army]]
File:Georgia Army OF-3.png|{{lang|ka|კაპიტანი}} ({{lang|ka|K’ap’it’ani}}) [[Georgian Army]]
File:Captain of the Indian Army.svg|[[Indian Army]]
File:15-TNI Army-CPT.svg|{{lang|id|Kapten}} [[Indonesian Army]]
File:Ireland-Army-OF-2.svg|{{lang|ga|Captaen}} [[Irish Army]]
File:Rank insignia of capitano of the Army of Italy (1973).svg|{{lang|it|Capitano}} [[Italian Army]]
File:15-Lithuania Army-CPT.svg|{{lang|li|Kapitonas}} [[Lithuanian Land Force]]
File:11-APM-CPT.svg|{{lang|mk|Капетан}} ({{lang|mk|Kapetan}}) [[Army of the Republic of North Macedonia|Macedonian Army]]
File:Mexican Military Capitan-primero.gif|{{lang|es|Capitán}} [[Mexican Army]]
File:Nl-landmacht-kapitein ritmeester.svg|{{lang|nl|Kapitein}} Royal Netherlands Army
File:OF-2 Pakistan Army.svg|{{lang|ur|Kaptan}} [[Pakistan Army]]
File:PA CPT Svc.svg|{{lang|es|Capitán}} (Spanish) {{lang|fil|Kapitán}} (Filipino) [[Philippine Army]]
File:SAA-OF-2.svg|{{lang|af|Kaptein}} [[South African Army]]
File:Sri Lanka-army-OF-2.svg|[[Sri Lanka Army]]
File:OF-2 Kapten FV hylsa.svg|{{lang|sv|Kapten}} [[Swedish Air Force]]
File:SWE-Kapten.svg|{{lang|sv|Kapten}} [[Swedish Army]]
File:03-RSA-OF02.svg|''Captain'' [[Singapore Armed Forces|Republic of Singapore Armed Forces]]
File:Turkey-army-OF-2.svg|{{lang|sv|Yüzbaşı}} [[Turkish Army]]
File:Turkey-air-force-OF-2.svg|{{lang|sv|Yüzbaşı}} [[Turkish Air Force]]
File:US Army O3 (Army greens).svg|[[United States Army|U.S. Army]] (dress)
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[Kapitan (rank)]]
*[[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|Captain (United Kingdom)]]
*[[Captain (United States O-3)|Captain (United States)]]
*[[Senior captain]]
*[[Staff captain]]
* [[Katepano]]
* [[Rittmeister]]

==Notes==
{{reflist|group="N"}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Military ranks]]
[[Category:Military ranks of Australia]]
[[Category:Military ranks of Canada]]
[[Category:Military ranks of Ireland]]
[[Category:Military ranks of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Military ranks of Russia]]
[[Category:Military ranks of Singapore]]
[[Category:Military ranks of Sweden]]
[[Category:Military ranks of the Nepali Army]]
[[Category:Military ranks of the Indian Army]]

Captain (armed forces) - Revision history

88.230.62.41: robot: Create/update articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.

88.230.62.41: robot: Create/upgrade articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.