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	==See also==		==See also==
	~~{{Portal\|Television}}~~
	* [[Cameo (website)]]		* [[Cameo (website)]]
	* [[Allusion]]		* [[Allusion]]

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{{Short description|Term used in performing arts}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
A '''cameo role''', also called a '''cameo appearance''' and often shortened to just '''cameo''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|æ|m|i|oʊ}}), is a brief appearance or voice part of a well-known person in a work of the [[performing arts]]. These roles are generally small, many of them non-speaking ones, and are commonly either appearances in a work in which they hold some special significance (such as actors from an original movie appearing in its remake) or renowned people making uncredited appearances. Short appearances by [[Celebrity|celebrities]], [[film director]]s, [[politician]]s, [[athlete]]s or [[musician]]s are common. A crew member of the movie or show playing a minor role can be referred to as a cameo as well, such as [[Alfred Hitchcock]]'s [[List of Alfred Hitchcock cameo appearances|frequent cameos]].

==Concept==
Originally, in the 1920s, "cameo role" meant "a small character part that stands out from the other minor parts". The [[Oxford English Dictionary]] connects this with the meaning "a short literary sketch or portrait", which is based on the literal meaning of "[[Cameo (carving)|cameo]]", a miniature carving on a gemstone.<ref>Oxford English Dictionary, "Cameo".</ref> More recently (late 20th century), "cameo" has come to refer to any short appearances, as a character, such as the examples below.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cameo in Film topic |url=http://www.ldoceonline.com/Film-topic/cameo |publisher=Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English |access-date=9 January 2017 |quote=a short appearance in a film or play by a well-known actor}}</ref>

Cameos are generally not credited because of their brevity, or a perceived mismatch between the celebrity's stature and the film or television series in which they are appearing. Many are [[publicity stunt]]s. Others are acknowledgements of an actor's contribution to an earlier work, as in the case of many [[film adaptation]]s of television series, or of [[remake]]s of earlier films. Others honour artists or celebrities known for work in a particular field.{{citation needed|date=September 2016}}

One of the best-known series of cameos was by [[Stan Lee]], who made [[List of cameo appearances by Stan Lee|very brief appearances in most of Marvel movies]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.techinsider.io/every-stan-lee-cameo-2016-2 |title=Stan Lee has made 28 cameos in Marvel movies and shows — here they are |work=[[Tech Insider]] |access-date=18 February 2017 |date=16 February 2016 |first=Sidney |last=Fussell |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808150333/http://www.techinsider.io/every-stan-lee-cameo-2016-2 |archive-date=8 August 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Cameos also occur in [[novel]]s and other literary works. "Literary cameos" usually involve an established character from another work who makes a brief appearance to establish a [[shared universe]] setting, to make a point, or to offer [[Homage (arts)|homage]]. [[Balzac]] often employed this practice, as in his ''[[La Comédie humaine|Comédie humaine]]''. Sometimes a cameo features a historical person who "drops in" on fictional characters in a [[historical novel]], as when [[Benjamin Franklin]] shares a [[beer]] with Phillipe Charboneau in ''[[The Bastard (novel)|The Bastard]]'' by [[John Jakes]].{{citation needed|date=September 2016}}

A cameo appearance can be made by the author of a work to put a sort of personal "signature" on a story. [[Vladimir Nabokov]] often put himself in his novels, for instance as the very minor character Vivian Darkbloom (an anagram of his name) in ''[[Lolita]]''.<ref name="Straumann2008">{{cite book|last=Straumann|first=Barbara|title=Figurations of Exile in Hitchcock and Nabokov|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0AqrBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA114|year=2008|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|isbn=978-0-7486-3647-1|page=114}}</ref>


===Film directors===
{{Further|List of directors who appear in their own films}}

[[Alfred Hitchcock]] is known for [[List of Alfred Hitchcock cameo appearances|his frequent cameos in his movies]], as early as in his third film [[The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog|''The Lodger'']] (1927). In ''[[Lifeboat (1944 film)|Lifeboat]]'', as the action was restricted to the titular lifeboat, Hitchcock appeared in a newspaper ad.

[[Quentin Tarantino]] provides cameos or [[Bit part|small role]]s in at least ten of his movies.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Vincent|first1=Alice|last2=Saunders|first2=Tristram Fane|title=Quentin Tarantino: his 10 best cameo roles|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/hateful-eight/quentin-tarantino-best-cameo-roles/|publisher=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|access-date=15 September 2016|date=10 December 2015}}</ref>

Likewise, [[Peter Jackson]] has made brief cameos in all of his movies, except for his first feature-length film ''[[Bad Taste]]'' in which he plays a main character, as well as ''[[The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies|The Battle of the Five Armies]]'', though a portrait of him appears in the film. For example, he plays a peasant eating a carrot in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring|The Fellowship of the Ring]]'' and ''[[The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug|The Desolation of Smaug]]''; a Rohan warrior in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers|The Two Towers]]'' and a Corsair of Umbar boatswain in ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King|The Return of the King]]''. All four were non-speaking "blink and you miss him" appearances, although in the Extended Release of ''The Return of the King'', his character was given more screen time and his reprise of the carrot eating peasant in ''The Desolation of Smaug'' was featured in the foreground in reference to ''The Fellowship of the Ring'' - last seen twelve years earlier.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Sumra|first1=Husain|title=Did you know that Peter Jackson made cameos in the Lord of the Rings films?|url=http://www.swiftfilm.com/did-you-know-that-peter-jackson-made-cameos-in-the-lord-of-the-rings-films/|publisher=Swiftfilm|access-date=15 September 2016|date=14 December 2011}}</ref>

Director [[Martin Scorsese]] appears in the background of his films as a bystander or an [[unseen character]]. In ''[[Who's That Knocking at My Door]]'' (1967), he appears as one of the gangsters; he is a lighting crewman in ''[[After Hours (film)|After Hours]]'' (1985) and a passenger in ''[[Taxi Driver]]'' (1976). He opens up his film ''[[The Color of Money]]'' (1986) with a monologue on the art of playing pool. In addition, he appears with his wife and daughter as wealthy New Yorkers in ''[[Gangs of New York]]'', and he appears as a theatre-goer and is heard as a movie projectionist in ''[[The Aviator (2004 film)|The Aviator]]'' (2004).{{citation needed|date=September 2016}}

In a same way, [[Roman Polanski]] appears as a hired hoodlum in his film ''[[Chinatown (1974 film)|Chinatown]]'' (1974), slitting Jack Nicholson's nose with the blade of his clasp knife.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Clarke|first1=Roger|title=Story of the scene: 'Chinatown' Roman Polanski (1974)|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/story-of-the-scene-chinatown-roman-polanski-1974-819366.html|work=[[The Independent]]|access-date=15 September 2016|date=1 May 2008}}</ref>


===Actors and writers===
Directors sometimes cast well-known lead actors with whom they have worked in the past in other films. In [[Jane Eyre (1943 film)|Jane Eyre]], [[Elizabeth Taylor]] makes a cameo appearance as Helen Burns, Jane's friend from school who dies from a cold. [[Mike Todd]]'s film ''[[Around the World in 80 Days (1956 film)|Around the World in 80 Days]]'' (1956) was filled with cameo roles: [[John Gielgud]] as an English butler, [[Frank Sinatra]] playing piano in a saloon, and others. The stars in cameo roles were pictured in oval insets in posters for the film, and gave the term wide circulation outside the theatrical profession.{{citation needed|date=September 2016}}

''[[It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World]]'' (1963), an "epic comedy", also features cameos from nearly every popular American comedian alive at the time, including [[The Three Stooges]], [[Jerry Lewis]], [[Buster Keaton]] and a voice-only cameo by [[Selma Diamond]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Sobczynski |first=Peter |title="It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World" Gets the Deluxe Treatment from Criterion |url=http://www.rogerebert.com/balder-and-dash/its-a-mad-mad-mad-mad-world-gets-the-deluxe-treatment-from-criterion |work=[[RogerEbert.com]] |access-date=15 September 2016 |date=21 January 2014}}</ref>

''[[Won Ton Ton, the Dog Who Saved Hollywood]]'' (1976) features cameos from dozens of actors from Hollywood's golden age.

[[Aaron Sorkin]] also had cameos in some works he wrote: as a bar customer speaking about the law in his debut film screenplay ''[[A Few Good Men]]'' (1992), as an advertising executive in ''[[The Social Network]]'' and as a guest at the inauguration of President [[Matt Santos]] in the final episode of ''[[The West Wing]]''.

[[Franco Nero]], the actor who portrayed the Django character in the original [[Django (1966 film)|1966 film]], appears in a bar scene of the Tarantino film ''[[Django Unchained]]''. There, he asks Django ([[Jamie Foxx]]) to spell his name, which led to the famous promotional tagline for the film - "The 'D' is silent". Franco's character responds simply, "I know."

Many cameos featured in ''[[Maverick (film)|Maverick]]'' (1994), directed by [[Richard Donner]]. Among them, [[Danny Glover]] – [[Mel Gibson]]'s co-star in the ''[[Lethal Weapon (film series)|Lethal Weapon]]'' franchise also directed by Donner – appears as the lead [[bank robber]]. He and Maverick (Gibson) share a scene where they look as if they knew each other, but then shake it off. As Glover makes his escape with the money, he mutters "I'm too old for this shit", his character's [[catchphrase]] in the ''Lethal Weapon'' films. In addition, a strain of the main [[Theme (music)|theme]] from ''Lethal Weapon'' plays in the [[Film score|score]] when Glover is revealed. Actress [[Margot Kidder]] made a cameo appearance in the same film as a robbed villager: she had previously starred as [[Lois Lane]] in Donner's ''[[Superman (1978 film)|Superman]]'' (1978).<ref name=RevEbert>{{cite news |last=Ebert |first=Roger |url=http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19940520/REVIEWS/405200302 |title=Maverick |newspaper=[[Chicago Sun-Times]] |publisher=[[Sun-Times Media Group]] |date=20 May 1994 |access-date=15 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110511023955/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F19940520%2FREVIEWS%2F405200302 |archive-date=11 May 2011 |author-link=Roger Ebert |via=[[rogerebert.com]] |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Ben Stiller]], [[Vince Vaughn]], [[Owen Wilson]], [[Luke Wilson]] and [[Will Ferrell]] have made appearances in so many of the same films (whether as lead characters or cameos) that ''[[USA Today]]'' coined the term "[[Frat Pack]]" to name the group.<ref>{{cite news |last=Wloszczyna |first=Susan |title=Wilson and Vaughn: Leaders of the 'Frat Pack' |newspaper=[[USA Today]] |url=https://www.usatoday.com/life/movies/news/2004-06-15-frat-pack_x.htm |date=15 June 2004 |access-date=23 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051013085711/http://www.usatoday.com/life/movies/news/2004-06-15-frat-pack_x.htm |archive-date=13 October 2005 |publisher=[[Gannett Co. Inc.]] |url-status=live }}</ref> Actor [[Adam Sandler]] is also known for frequently casting fellow ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' performers (including [[Rob Schneider]] and [[David Spade]]) in various roles in his films (as well as making cameo appearances of his own in theirs, most of which he co-produces). [[Sam Raimi]] frequently uses his brother [[Ted Raimi|Ted]] and [[Bruce Campbell]] in his films.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.monsters-movies.com/sam_raimi.htm |work=Monsters-Movies.com |access-date=18 February 2017 |title=Sam Raimi |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100925114711/http://monsters-movies.com/sam_raimi.htm |archive-date=25 September 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The American singer/actress [[Cher]] has had a couple of cameos over the years. She had two cameos in ''[[Will & Grace]]'' and she even had a few in the 1990s.{{citation needed|date=December 2018}}

Actor [[Edward Norton]] appears as himself in the satirical film ''[[The Dictator (2012 film)|The Dictator]]'' (2012) starring [[Sacha Baron Cohen]].

[[Al Pacino]] has an extended cameo in the film ''[[Jack and Jill (2011 film)|Jack and Jill]]'' (2011) starring [[Adam Sandler]], where Pacino plays a fictional version of himself.

The mangaka [[Shotaro Ishinomori]] made many cameos in his [[Kamen Rider]] series.

The animated series ''[[Adventures of Tintin]]'' featured its author [[Hergé]] in all the episodes.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Talbot |first1=John |last2=Adams |first2=Edmund |last3=Winkels |first3=Rob |last4=Mar |first4=Irene |title=Hergé's Cameo Appearances |url=http://www.tintinologist.org/guides/lists/hergecameos.html |work=[[Tintinologist]] |access-date=15 September 2016 |date=27 March 2009 |publisher=Hergé/Moulinsart S.A.}}</ref>

[[File:10.14.11StanLeeByLuigiNovi9.jpg|thumb|[[Stan Lee]] was well known for his cameo appearances throughout most of the [[List of films based on Marvel Comics|Marvel films]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.techinsider.io/every-stan-lee-cameo-2016-2 |title=Stan Lee has made 28 cameos in Marvel movies and shows — here they are |work=[[Tech Insider]] |access-date=18 February 2017 |date=16 February 2016 |first=Sidney |last=Fussell |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808150333/http://www.techinsider.io/every-stan-lee-cameo-2016-2 |archive-date=8 August 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>]]

[[Stephen King]] is famous for making short cameo appearances in almost every movie that is made based on his novels.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kaye|first=Don|date=2019-09-21|title=Every Stephen King Movie Cameo: From Creepshow to It Chapter Two|url=https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/every-stephen-king-movie-cameo/|access-date=2020-12-16|website=Den of Geek|language=en-US}}</ref>

''[[An Adventure in Space and Time]]'', a drama about how ''[[Doctor Who]]'' began, features many [[An Adventure in Space and Time#Cast|actors from the show's past]], including two past companions in a party scene, another as a mother calling her children in for dinner and a fourth in a car park at the BBC.<ref>{{cite news |last=Wilson |first=Dan |title=Doctor Who: 17 things for Who fans to spot in An Adventure in Space and Time by Mark Gatiss |url=http://metro.co.uk/2013/11/21/doctor-who-17-things-for-who-fans-to-spot-in-an-adventure-in-space-and-time-by-mark-gatiss-4191651/ |newspaper=[[Metro (British newspaper)|Metro]] |access-date=15 September 2016 |date=21 November 2013}}</ref>

In the movie adaptation of ''[[Les Misérables (2012 film)|Les Miserables]]'', [[Colm Wilkinson]], who originated the role of Jean Valjean in the West End and on Broadway, made a cameo as the [[Bishop Myriel|Bishop of Digne]].<ref name="lati">{{cite news |last1=Ng |first1=David |title=Colm Wilkinson, original Jean Valjean, on 'Les Miserables' movie |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/arts/la-xpm-2012-dec-31-la-et-cm-colm-wilkinson-original-jean-valjean-on-les-miserables-movie-20121230-story.html |access-date=28 July 2020 |work=Los Angeles Times |date=2012-12-31}}</ref>


In the soviet film [[Moscow Does not Believe in Tears]] famous actor [[Innokenty Smoktunovsky]] appears for a minute as himself.

===Other===
Films based on actual events occasionally include cameo [[guest appearance]]s by the people portrayed in them. In ''[[The Pursuit of Happyness]]'', [[Chris Gardner]] makes a cameo at the end. ''[[24 Hour Party People]]'', a film about [[Tony Wilson]], has a cameo by the real Tony Wilson and many other notable people. In the film ''[[Apollo 13 (film)|Apollo 13]]'', [[Jim Lovell|James Lovell]] (the real commander of that flight) and his wife Marilyn appear next to the actors playing them ([[Tom Hanks]] and [[Kathleen Quinlan]] respectively). [[Domino Harvey]] makes a short appearance in the credits of ''[[Domino (2005 film)|Domino]]'', while the real [[Erin Brockovich]] has a cameo appearance as a waitress named Julia in the [[Erin Brockovich (film)|eponymous movie]] (where her role is played by the actress [[Julia Roberts]]).{{citation needed|date=September 2016}} [[Sophie Wilson]] has a cameo as a barmaid in ''[[Micro Men]]'', which shows her work for [[Acorn Computers]]. In a [[Flashback (narrative)|flashback]] sequence in ''[[Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas (film)|Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas]]'', Raoul Duke (played by [[Johnny Depp]]) runs into the real-life [[Hunter S. Thompson]], upon whom the character of Duke is based, leading him to remark "There I was...mother of God, there I am! Holy fuck."

[[Tom Morello]], American guitarist and musician, makes an appearance in the Marvel film ''[[Iron Man (2008 film)|Iron Man]]'' (2008), in which he also participated in the [[Iron Man (soundtrack)|soundtrack]].

[[Elon Musk]] and [[Larry Ellison]], both founders of large technology companies, are featured in cameos in the blockbuster ''[[Iron Man 2]]'' (2010).<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/velocity/2010/04/29/elon-musk-larry-ellison-have-cameos-in-iron-man-2/ |magazine=[[Forbes]] |first=Andy |last=Greenberg |title=Elon Musk, Larry Ellison Appear In Iron Man 2 |date=29 April 2010 |access-date=23 February 2019}}</ref>

The king of Sweden, [[Carl XVI Gustaf]], was in the children's program ''Mika'' ({{lang|sv|Mika och renen Ossian på äventyr}}) when Mika was in [[Stockholm]] with his reindeer.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://itssolastcentury.co.uk/truck/Mika |work=It's So Last Century |title=Mika |access-date=18 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110220015454/http://itssolastcentury.co.uk/truck/Mika |archive-date=20 February 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref>


In ''[[The Wolf of Wall Street (2013 film)|The Wolf of Wall Street]]'' (2013), the real [[Jordan Belfort]] appears as an emcee to introduce [[Leonardo DiCaprio]] (who plays Belfort in the film) at the final scene.

[[Alan Bennett]] makes a cameo appearance at the end of his film ''[[The Lady in the Van]]''.

Boxer [[Roberto Duran]] and his wife Felicidad made a cameo appearance towards the end of the ''[[Hands of Stone]]'' film, about Duran's life. The pair were played by [[Edgar Ramirez]] and [[Ana de Armas]], respectively.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/hands_of_stone |title=Hands of Stone |access-date=10 July 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>

An unusual example of a famous non-actor being given a small but speaking fictional role occurred in the ''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]'' episode "[[Second Chances (Star Trek: The Next Generation)|Second Chances]]." Dr. [[Mae Jemison]], an [[astronaut]], the first Black woman in space, and a long-time fan of ''Star Trek'', was offered the opportunity to appear on the show. She was given the role of a Starfleet crewmember and a few lines, becoming the first real-life astronaut to appear on ''Star Trek''.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Nemecek |first1=Larry |title=Star Trek: The Next Generation Companion |date=1995 |publisher=Pocket Books |pages=249–250 |edition=2nd}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Allusion]]
* [[Bit part]]
* [[Extra (acting)|Extra]]
* [[Fictional crossover|Crossover fiction]]
* [[Self-insertion]]
* [[Stan Lee]]
** [[List of cameo appearances by Stan Lee]]

{{Wiktionary|cameo}}

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

{{film crew}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Acting]]
[[Category:Performing arts]]
[[Category:Television terminology]]
[[Category:Film and video terminology]]

Cameo appearance - Revision history

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Flying Bee: Created page with "{{Short description|Term used in performing arts}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}} A '''cameo role''', also called a '''cameo appearance''' and often shortened to just '''cam..."