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	[[Category:Novelists from Kerala]]		[[Category:Novelists from Kerala]]
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{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Infobox writer 
| name = C. V. Raman Pillai
| image = CVs60thbirthday.png
| imagesize = 200px
| birth_name = Cannankara Velayudhan Raman Pillai
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1858|5|19}}
| birth_place = [[Arayoor]], [[Travancore]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1922|3|21|1858|5|19}}
| death_place = [[Trivandrum]], Travancore
| occupation = Novelist, playwright, journalist, social activist
| nationality = Indian
| period = 1880s −1920s
| genre = Fiction, theatre
| subject = Literary, socio-cultural
| movement =
| notableworks= {{ublist|''[[Marthandavarma (novel)|Marthandavarma]]''|''Dharmaraja''|''Ramarajabahadur''|''Premamritham''}}
| signature =
| website =
}}
'''Cannankara Velayudhan Raman Pillai''' (19 May 1858 – 21 March 1922), also known as '''C. V.''', was one of the major Indian [[novelists]] and [[playwrights]] and a pioneering playwright and novelist of [[Malayalam literature]]. He was known for his historical novels such as ''[[Marthandavarma (novel)|Marthandavarma]]'', ''Dharmaraja'' and ''Ramaraja Bahadur''; the last mentioned considered by many as one of the greatest novels written in [[Malayalam]].

== Biography ==
[[File:CV as a young man.jpg|thumb|left|upright|CV as a young man]]
Born in Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum), capital city of the erstwhile native State of [[Travancore]], on 19 May 1858 to Panavilakath Neelakanta Pillai, a [[Sanskrit]] scholar and Parvathy Pillai, a scion of an ancient matrilineal family; both his parents were from middle-class families and employees at the Palace of the [[Maharaja of Travancore]].<ref name="Biography on Kerala Sahitya Akademi portal">{{Cite web |url=http://www.keralasahityaakademi.org/sp/Writers/PROFILES/CVRamanPillai/Html/CVRgraphy.htm |title=Biography on Kerala Sahitya Akademi portal |date=2019-01-29 |website=Kerala Sahitya Akademi}}</ref> Pillai got his family name, ''Cannankara'', through [[matrilineal succession]]. Fondly called Ramu, he had a traditional Sanskritized education, early in life, under his father's tutelage which included lessons in [[Ayurveda]] and even magic and Tantra. He continued education at the first English school in [[Thiruvananthapuram]]. Subsequently, he graduated from His Highness Maharaja's College (the present-day [[University College Thiruvananthapuram]]), the first-ever College in Travancore,<ref name="History - UCT">{{Cite web |url=http://www.universitycollege.ac.in/index.php/thecollege/history |title=History - UCT |date=2019-01-29 |website=www.universitycollege.ac.in |access-date=2019-01-29 |archive-date=30 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190130053214/http://www.universitycollege.ac.in/index.php/thecollege/history |url-status=dead }}</ref> where he reportedly had a brilliant academic career under John Ross, the principal of the institution and Robert Harvey. and obtained his BA degree from the [[Madras University]] in 1881, securing the 7th rank in the [[Madras Presidency]]. It was during this period, he started his first periodical named The Kerala Patriot.<ref name="C.V. Raman Pillai - a short biography">{{Cite web |url=https://philaindia.info/c-v-raman-pillai/ |title=C.V. Raman Pillai - a short biography |last=Reddiar |first=Mahesh |date=2011-01-13 |website=PhilaIndia.info |language=en-US |access-date=2019-01-29}}</ref>

After graduation, Pillai studied law but dropped out and went to Madras to study for the government pleader examination which was also abandoned in due course.<ref name="Biography on Kerala Sahitya Akademi portal" /> Later, he joined the High Court as a clerk and where he rose to the position of a ''shirasthadar''. Later, joined the Government Press and held the position of a superintendent when he retired from service.<ref name="Biography on Kerala Sahitya Akademi portal" /> In between, he founded three publications, ''Malayali'' in 1886, ''Vanchiraj'' in 1901 and ''Mitabhashi'' in 1920.<ref name="C.V. Raman Pillai - a short biography" />

Pillai's first marriage did not last long. He married again in 1887 at the age of 30, and his wife, Bhageerathi Amma, was only 16 at the time of the wedding. The marriage lasted till his wife's untimely death in 1904 and his third marriage was to Janaki Amma, the elder sister of Bhageerathi Amma and the widow of [[C. Raja Raja Varma]], the younger brother of [[Raja Ravi Varma]]. He died on 21 March 1922, at the age of 63, survived by Janaki Amma.<ref name="Biography on Kerala Sahitya Akademi portal" />

==Writing career==
[[File:CV as Edgar in King Lear.jpg|thumb|right|upright|CV as Edgar in King Lear]]
Raman Pillai is compared by many with [[Bankim Chandra Chatterjee]] in Bengali and [[Hari Narayan Apte]] in Marathi, two other greats of India literature.<ref name="C.V. Raman Pillai - a short biography" /> His first published book was ''Chandramukhivilasam'', a satire.<ref name="C.V. Raman Pillai - a short biography" /> He wrote his first novel, ''Marthandavarma'', in 1885 but it was published in 1891.<ref name="C. V. Raman Pillai on Veethi portal">{{Cite web |url=https://www.veethi.com/india-people/c._v._raman_pillai-profile-8998-25.htm |title=C. V. Raman Pillai on Veethi portal |date=2019-01-30 |website=veethi.com |access-date=2019-01-30}}</ref> This followed sch historical novels as ''Dharmaraja'' and ''Ramarajabahadur'', the social novel, ''Premamritam''<ref name="NatarajanNelson1996">{{cite book|author1=Nalini Natarajan|author2=Emmanuel Sampath Nelson|title=Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1lTnv6o-d_oC&pg=PA191|year=1996|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-28778-7|pages=191–}}</ref> as well as several farces. Modern Malayalam drama traces its origins to his works. He is credited with the first original play in Malayalam, ''Chandramukheevilasam'', written in 1884 and was staged for four days successively in 1887 at His Highness Maharaja's College, Trivandrum.<ref name="Biography on Kerala Sahitya Akademi portal" />

==Exegetic dictionary==
''C. V. Vyaakhyaana Kosham''<ref name="Dutt1999">{{cite book|author=Kartik Chandra Dutt|title=Who's who of Indian Writers, 1999: A-M|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QA1V7sICaIwC&pg=PA90|year=1999|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-260-0873-5|pages=90–}}</ref> is a 400-plus page [[lexicographic]] work in four volumes, based on Pillai's books. The work includes the explanations, elucidations and interpretations of over 700,000 Malayalam, Sanskrit, Tamil, Hindustani and English words used by him in his writings.<ref name="C. V. Raman Pillai - Veethi profile">{{Cite web |url=https://www.veethi.com/india-people/c._v._raman_pillai-profile-8998-25.htm |title=C. V. Raman Pillai - Veethi profile |date=2019-01-29 |website=veethi.com |access-date=2019-01-29}}</ref><ref name="Si. Vi. vyākhyānakōśam">{{Cite book |title=Si. Vi. vyākhyānakōśam |last1=Bālakr̥ṣṇan |first1=Bi. Si |last2=C.V. Raman Pillai National Foundation |date=1994 |publisher=Si. Vi. Rāman Piḷḷa Nāṣanal Paunḍēṣan |language=Malayalam |oclc = 500397997}}</ref>

==Works==
{{div col}}

===Novels===
====Historical Novels====
* ''[[Marthandavarma (novel)|Marthandavarma]]'' (1891)<ref name="Marthandavarma">{{Cite book |url=https://www.amazon.in/Marthandavarma-Malayalam-C-Raman-Pillai-ebook/dp/B01M5KGNAX/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1548776652&sr=1-1&refinements=p_27%253AC+V+Raman+Pillai |title=Marthandavarma |last=C. V. Raman Pillai |publisher=Public Domain Books |year=1891 |language=ml |asin=B01M5KGNAX}}</ref>
* ''Dharmaraja'' (1913)<ref name="Dharmaraja">{{Cite book |title=Dharmaraja |last=C. V. Raman Pillai |publisher=Tranquebar Press |year=1913 |isbn=978-8189975500 |language=ml}}</ref>
* ''Ramaraja Bahadur'' (1918{{ndash}}1919)<ref name="Ramaraja Bahadur">{{Cite book |url=https://www.amazon.in/Ramaraja-Bahadur-Malayalam-Raman-Pillai-ebook/dp/B01M36D33H/ref=sr_1_3?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1548776652&sr=1-3&refinements=p_27%253AC+V+Raman+Pillai |title=Ramaraja Bahadur |last=C. V. Raman Pillai |publisher=Public Domain Books |year=1918 |language=ml |asin=B01M36D33H}}</ref>

====Social Novels====
* ''Premamritam'' (1915)<ref name="George1972">{{cite book|author=K. M. George|title=Western Influence on Malayalam Language and Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MZqqyxVkufQC&pg=PA98|year=1972|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-260-0413-3|pages=98–}}</ref>

====Uncategorized====
* ''Dishtadamshtram'' (1922) (unfinished)
* ''Premarishtam'' (1922) (unfinished)

===Plays===
* ''Chandramukheevilāsam'' (1884) (not published)
* ''Mattavilāsam'' (1885) (not published)
* ''Kurupillakalari'' (1909)
* ''Tentanāmkōţţu Harischandran'' (1914)
* ''Kaimalassanţe Kadassikkai'' (1915)
* ''Docţarku Kiţţiya Micham'' (1916)
* ''Cherutēn Columbus'' (1917)
* ''Pandathē Pāchan'' (1918)
* ''Pãpi Chelluņadam Pāthālam'' (1919)
* ''Kuruppinţe Thirippu'' (1920)
* ''Butler Pappan'' (1922)

===Other works===
* ''Videsiyamedhavitvam'' (1922) (a collection of editorials)

===As editor in newspapers===
* ''The Kerala Patriot'' (1882)
* ''Malayali'' (1886)
* ''Vanchiraj'' (1901)
* ''Mitabhashi'' (1920)

===Translations===
* ''Marthandavarma'' (1936, 1979)<ref name="Marthanda Varma (In English)">{{Cite book |url=https://www.abebooks.com/Marthanda-Varma-English-C.V-Raman-Pillai/209705865/bd |title=Marthanda Varma (In English) |last=C.V. Raman Pillai, (B. K. Menon - translator) |publisher=Sahitya Akademi, New Delhi |year=1936 |isbn=9788126004683 |language=en}}</ref>
* ''Dharmaraja'' (2009)
* ''Ramaraja Bahadur'' (2003)<ref name="Ramaraja Bahadur (In English)">{{Cite book |url=https://www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=30033298870&searchurl=sortby%3D17%26an%3Dc%2Bv%2Braman%2Bpillai&cm_sp=snippet-_-srp1-_-title16 |title=Ramaraja Bahadur (In English) |last=C.V. Raman Pillai, (Prema Jayakumar - translator) |publisher=Sahitya Akademi, New Delhi |year=2003 |isbn=9788126017867 |language=en}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

==Honours==
The [[India Post]] issued a commemorative postage stamp on Pillai on 19 May 2010.<ref name="Stamps – 2010">{{Cite web |url=http://www.indiapost.gov.in/Stamps2010.aspx |title=Stamps – 2010 |date=2019-01-29 |website=India Post |publisher=Department of Posts, Government of India |access-date=2 August 2013}}</ref><ref name="C. V. Raman Pillai - Commemorative Stamp">{{Cite web |url=http://www.istampgallery.com/c-v-raman-pillai/ |title=C. V. Raman Pillai - Commemorative Stamp |date=2019-01-29 |website=www.istampgallery.com |access-date=2019-01-29}}</ref> A road in Vazhuthacaud, [[Thiruvananthapuram]] has been neamed after him as ''C. V. Raman Pillai Road''.<ref name="Where to Stay">{{Cite web |url=https://www.keralatourism.org/hotels/vivanta-trivandrum/2428 |title=Where to Stay |date=2019-01-30 |website=Kerala Tourism |language=en |access-date=2019-01-30}}</ref> [[Chenkal]], a [[panchayat]] in Thiruvananthapuram which includes his native village of [[Arayoor]], was renamed as C.V.R. Puram in 1970.<ref name="C.V.RAMAN PILLAI - Wikimapia">{{Cite web |url=http://wikimapia.org/31554890/C-V-RAMAN-PILLAI |title=C.V.RAMAN PILLAI - Wikimapia |date=2019-01-30 |website=wikimapia.org |language=en |access-date=2019-01-30}}</ref><ref name="CVR PURAM ROAD">{{Cite web |url=http://wikimapia.org/street/17806029/CVR-PURAM-ROAD |title=CVR PURAM ROAD |website=wikimapia.org |access-date=2019-01-30}}</ref>

== Writings on Raman Pillai ==
* {{cite book|author=[[S. Guptan Nair]]|title=C.V. Raman Pillai|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rr20K3WL-qgC|year=1992|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-7201-273-1}}
* {{Cite journal |last=[[P.K. Parameswaran Nair]], [[C. S. Venkiteswaran]] |year=2004 |title=C. V. Raman Pillai |journal=Indian Literature |volume=48 |issue=1 |pages=125–136|jstor=23341432 }}
* {{Cite journal |last=Meena T. Pillai |date=July 2012 |title=Modernity and the Fetishizing of Female Chastity: C.V. Raman Pillai and the Anxieties of the Early Malayalam Novel |journal=South Asian Review |volume=33 |pages=53–75 |doi=10.1080/02759527.2012.11932863|s2cid=191905321 }}
* {{cite thesis|last=Kurup|first=C. Sreekanta|date=July 2003|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/147674|title=Ākhyānasankētaṅṅaḷ: Si.Vi.yuṭe Caritranōvalukaḷil|trans-title=Narrative techniques in the historical novels of C V Raman Pillai|script-title=ml:ആഖ്യാനസങ്കേതങ്ങൾ: സി.വി.യുടെ ചരിത്രനോവലുകളിൽ|language=ml|type=Ph.D.|publisher=[[University of Kerala]]|location=[[Shodhganga]]}}
* {{Cite book |title=Vātsalyarasaṃ C. V. Yude Akhyāyikakaḷil |last1=Vēṇugōpan Nāir |first1=S. V. |last2=C.V. Raman Pillai National Foundation |date=1995 |publisher=C.V. Raman Pillai National Foundation ; Distributors, Kar̲an̲t Buks |oclc = 36315647|author1-link=S. V. Venugopan Nair }}
* [[K. Ayyappa Paniker]], ''History of Malayalam Literature'' (''C. V. Raman Pillai'' - Chapter 34)<ref name="A SHORT HISTORY OF MALAYALAM LITERATURE">{{Cite web |url=http://www.suvarnakeralam.kerala.gov.in/book.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020001312/http://www.suvarnakeralam.kerala.gov.in/book.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=2013-10-20 |title=A SHORT HISTORY OF MALAYALAM LITERATURE |date=2013-10-20 |publisher=Suvarna Keralam - Government of Kerala |access-date=2019-01-30}}</ref>
* N. Balakrishnan Nair, ''Saakshaal C. V.''

==See also==
* [[Kappazhom Raman Pillai]]
* [[Thunchath Ezhuthachan Malayalam University]]

== See Also (Social reformers of Kerala) ==

* [[Narayana Guru|Sree Narayana Guru]]
* [[Padmanabhan Palpu|Dr. Palpu]]
* [[Kumaran Asan|Kumaranasan]]
* [[Ayyathan Gopalan|Rao Sahib Dr. Ayyathan Gopalan]]
* [[Brahmananda Swami Sivayogi]]
* [[Vagbhatananda|Vaghbhatananda]]
* [[Mithavaadi Krishnan]]
* [[Moorkoth Kumaran]]

* [[Ayyankali]]
* [[Ayya Vaikundar]]
* [[Pandit Karuppan]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{Cite web |url=http://sruti.com/index.php?route=archives/artist_details&artId=276 |title=Malayalam novelist and dramatist C.V. Raman Pillai |date=2019-01-29 |website=sruti.com |access-date=2019-01-29}}
* {{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sxL2i0d4g3s |title=സി വി രാമൻ പിള്ള - വാക്കിന്റെ രാജശില്പി |date=July 21, 2018 |type=Video |language=Malayalam |publisher=Information and Public Relations Department, Government of Kerala |trans-title=C. V. Raman Pillai, The Master Sculptor of Words |place=Thiruvananthapuram}}

{{commons category|C. V. Raman Pillai}}

{{Authority control}}
{{Malayalam Literature |state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pillai, C. V. Raman}}
[[Category:Malayalam-language writers]]
[[Category:Malayalam novelists]]
[[Category:Malayalam-language dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:1858 births]]
[[Category:1922 deaths]]
[[Category:Writers from Thiruvananthapuram]]
[[Category:Indian historical novelists]]
[[Category:Writers of historical romances]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian novelists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian novelists]]
[[Category:Indian male novelists]]
[[Category:Indian male dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights]]
[[Category:19th-century male writers]]
[[Category:Novelists from Kerala]]
[[Category:Journalists from Kerala]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian journalists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian journalists]]
[[Category:Dramatists and playwrights from Kerala]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male writers]]

C. V. Raman Pillai - Revision history

MYRA: brief adjust article for clarity and corrected details after review

imported>Ser Amantio di Nicolao: recategorize

>InternetArchiveBot: Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8