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{{Short description|Indian canal}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{about|the Indian Canal|the canal with same name|Buckingham Canal|the British Canal|Buckingham Arm}}
{{Infobox canal
| name = Buckingham Canal
| image =
| image_size =
| image_caption =
| former_names =
| modern_name =
| original_owner =
| engineer =
| other_engineer =
| date_act =
| date_began =
| date_use = {{Start date|1560}}
| date_completed =
| date_extended =
| date_closed =
| date_restored =
| len_ft =
| len_in =
| original_boat_length_ft =
| original_boat_length_in =
| len_note =
| beam_ft =
| beam_in =
| original_beam_ft =
| original_beam_in =
| beam_note = Southern section is 10'6" beam
| start_point = Dead End
| original_start =
| start_note = in the East
| end_point = [[Arabian Sea]]
| original_end =
| end_note = in the West
| branch =
| branch_of =
| connects_to =
| locks =
| original_num_locks =
| lock_note =
| length_mi = 0.466
| original_length_mi =
| length_note = Used for transportation till 1795
| elev_ft = 23
| elev_note = Ends at [[Arabian Sea]]
| status = Dysfunctional
| navigation_authority = None
}}
'''Buckingham Canal''' in [[Kollam]] is a 450-year-old [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] built heritage landmark at [[Tangasseri]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/buckingham-canal-being-reclaimed/article1789226.ece |title=Buckingham Canal being reclaimed |newspaper=The Hindu |access-date=20 March 2015}}</ref> This is one of the rare ancient ruins existing in the city. The Canal is believed to be a key conduit built by the [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] some 450 years ago inside their strategic territory, the [[St Thomas Fort, Tangasseri|Fort Thomas]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/death-knell-for-buckingham-canal-at-thangasseri/169722-60-116.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20150412175651/http://ibnlive.in.com/news/death-knell-for-buckingham-canal-at-thangasseri/169722-60-116.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 April 2015 |title=Death knell for Buckingham canal at Thangasseri |publisher=iBN Live |access-date=20 March 2015}}</ref> [[Quilon]] along with [[Tangasseri]] was one among the ancient [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] settlements in [[Asia]].

==History==
Buckingham Canal was actually built by the [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] who were settled in [[Quilon]] before 450 years, inside their strategic territory. This canal inside the [[St Thomas Fort, Tangasseri|Fort]] was used for safe transportation of personnel and merchandise to and from the ships which called at the [[Kollam Port|port]]. The [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] were settled at [[Quilon]] and gained monopoly over the region’s lucrative pepper trade. Old [[Quilon]] city was very famous for its fine quality pepper and the name [[Kollam]] is believed to have been derived from the [[Sanskrit]] word ''Kollam'' means pepper.

Barges were said to have been used for transportation through the Canal. [[Thangassery]] is a projection into the sea and both ends of the Canal originally opened at the Arabian Sea then. After [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]], the [[Dutch people|Dutch]] have establish their domination in [[Quilon]] city & [[Kollam Port|port]] based pepper trade, attacked and captured the Fort from the [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]]. By 1662, [[Tangasseri]] became an exclusive trade hub of the [[Dutch people|Dutch]]. The canal came to be known as the ''Buckingham Canal'', later when Dutch surrendered it to the [[East India Company|British East India Company]] in 1795.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/article423621.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402222412/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/article423621.ece |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 April 2015 |title=Buckingham Canal’s rich past becoming history |publisher=The New Indian Express |access-date=20 March 2015}}</ref>

==Encroachments==
Various rampant reclamation activities were found out at the Buckingham Canal area many times. A builder have started construction at the adjoining plot in 2012. The main problem with the canal is even people in the neighbourhood are not aware of the exact ownership of the properties alongside the canal. A survey conducted in 1980 by the Kollam West Village Office revealed that Buckingham canal was around 750 metres long and about 100 feet wide.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oocities.org/athens/Acropolis/9669/tangy.htm |title=Tangasseri - OOCITIES |publisher=OOCITIES |access-date=9 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.asithrissurcircle.in/Monuments.html |title=Archaeological site and remains |publisher=Archaeological Survey of India - Thrissur Circle |access-date=9 January 2014}}</ref> Now it is two feet to 10 feet wide narrow stream and all the other portions got encroached. [[Tangasseri]] in [[Kollam]] city is the only place mentioned in the [[Kerala Tourism]]’s official literature as the place in the State where [[Anglo-Indian]] tradition is maintained. But almost all the colonial constructions got erased except the lighthouse built by the [[British people|British]] in 1902.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/article422686.ece |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402215024/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/article422686.ece |url-status=dead |archive-date=2 April 2015 |title=Death knell for Buckingham canal at Thangasseri |publisher=The New Indian Express |access-date=20 March 2015}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Kollam]]
* [[Tangasseri]]
* [[Kollam Port]]
* [[St Thomas Fort, Tangasseri|St Thomas Fort]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Kollam |state=expanded}}

{{coord missing|Kerala}}

[[Category:History of Kollam]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Kollam]]

Buckingham Canal, Kollam - Revision history

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