Brhat Trayi - Revision history

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	The '''Bṛhat-Trayī,''' literally translated as "The Great Triad (Of Compositions)", refers to three early [[Sanskrit]] ~~encyclopedias~~ of medicine, which are the core texts of the indigenous Indian medical system of [[Ayurveda]]. These are contrasted with the '''Laghu-Trayī''' or the "lesser triad", a secondary set of later authoritative compositions.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Jan Meulenbeld\|first=Gerrit\|title=History of Indian Medical Literature\|year=1999\|isbn=9069801248}}</ref>		{{Short description\|Three Sanskrit encyclopaedias of medicine}}
			{{Use dmy dates\|date=June 2022}}
			{{EngvarB\|date=June 2022}}
			The '''Bṛhat-Trayī,''' literally translated as "The Great Triad (Of Compositions)", refers to three early [[Sanskrit]] encyclopaedias of medicine, which are the core texts of the indigenous Indian medical system of [[Ayurveda]]. These are contrasted with the '''Laghu-Trayī''' or the "lesser triad", a secondary set of later authoritative compositions.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Jan Meulenbeld\|first=Gerrit\|title=History of Indian Medical Literature\|year=1999\|isbn=9069801248}}</ref>

	This classification was first devised probably at some time in the ~~19th~~ century, although its earliest use has not yet (~~2008~~) been identified. The classification is not known to authors ~~before the 18th century~~. It is part of ~~an effort to create~~ a formal canon for ayurvedic literature.		This classification cannot be found in works earlier than about 1900. It was first devised probably at some time in the early twentieth century, although its earliest use has not yet (2024) been identified. The classification is not known to Sanskrit authors. It is part of the modern creation of a formal canon for ayurvedic literature.

	There are older medical ~~encyclopedias than~~ are not included in the Bṛhat-Trayī, for example the ''Bheḷa-saṃhitā''.{{cn\|~~date~~=~~June 2021~~}}		There are older, authoritative medical encyclopaedias that are not included in the Bṛhat-Trayī, for example the ''[[Bhela Samhita\|Bheḷa-saṃhitā]]''.<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Meulenbeld \|first=Gerrit Jan \|url= \|title=A history of Indian medical literature. \|publisher=Forsten \|year=1999–2002 \|isbn=9069801248 \|volume=IIA \|location=Groningen \|pages=13–24 \|oclc=1046031476}}</ref>

	==Overview==		==Overview==
	The following three works constitute the Bṛhat-Trayī:		The following three works constitute the Bṛhat-Trayī:
	* [[Charaka Samhita]] (चरकसंहिता) was composed by [[~~Agnivesa~~]] (अग्निवेश) and later edited by [[Charaka]] (चरक).		* [[Charaka Samhita]] (चरकसंहिता) was composed by [[Agnivesha]] (अग्निवेश) and later edited by [[Charaka]] (चरक).
	* [[Sushruta Samhita]] (सुश्रुतसंहिता) was composed by [[Sushruta]] (सुश्रुत).		* [[Sushruta Samhita]] (सुश्रुतसंहिता) was composed by [[Sushruta]] (सुश्रुत).
	* [[Ashtanga Hridayam\|Ashtanga Hridayam Samhita]] (अष्टाग्ङहृदयसंहिता) was composed by [[Vagbhata]] (वाग्भट) (fl. ca. AD 610, in Sindh).		* [[Ashtanga Hridayam\|Ashtanga Hridayam Samhita]] (अष्टाग्ङहृदयसंहिता) was composed by [[Vagbhata]] (वाग्भट) (fl. ca. AD 610, in Sindh). A work called [[Ashtāṅgasaṅgraha\|Aṣṭāṅgasaṃgraha]] (अष्टाग्ङसंग्रह) is also ascribed to the last author, [[Vagbhata\|Vāgbhaṭa]] वाग्भट. It is a more diffuse work than the Aṣṭāṅga-hṛdaya-saṃhitā, and is in mixed prose and verse (the Ashtanga Hridayam is in verse only). These two works are versions of the same material, but their exact relationship, authorship and priority is still debated by scholars. There are thousands of medieval manuscripts of the Ashtanga Hridayam in archives and libraries across India, while the Aṣṭāṅga Saṃgraha is rare, having survived to the 20th century in only a few partial copies. It is thus clear that the Ashtanga Hridayam is the text that was most widely studied in pre-modern times, and was in fact the standard textbook of [[ayurveda]] for several hundred years. In spite of this, probably through a misunderstanding some time in the early 20th century, it is the Aṣṭāṅga-saṃgraha that is primarily taught as part of the modern ayurvedic BAMS syllabus at Government ayurvedic colleges.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=First Year Syllabus – Central Council of Indian Medicine\|url=https://www.ccimindia.org/first_year_syllabus.php\|url-status=live\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150818022937/http://www.ccimindia.org:80/first_year_syllabus.php \|archive-date=2015-08-18 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=DIRECTORATE OF AYUSH\|url=http://web.delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/doit_ayush/AYUSH/Home/AYUSH+Systems+of+Medicine/Ayurveda/\|access-date=2021-06-03\|website=web.delhi.gov.in}}</ref>

	A work called [[Ashtāṅgasaṅgraha\|Aṣṭāṅgasaṃgraha]] (अष्टाग्ङसंग्रह) is also ascribed to the last author, [[Vagbhata\|Vāgbhaṭa]] वाग्भट. It is a more diffuse work than the Aṣṭāṅga-hṛdaya-saṃhitā, and is in mixed prose and verse (the Ashtanga Hridayam is in verse only). These two works are versions of the same material, but their exact relationship, authorship and priority is still debated by scholars. There are thousands of medieval manuscripts of the Ashtanga Hridayam in archives and libraries across India, while the Aṣṭāṅga Saṃgraha is rare, having survived to the 20th century in only a few partial copies. It is thus clear that the Ashtanga Hridayam is the text that was most widely studied in pre-modern times, and was in fact the standard textbook of [[ayurveda]] for several hundred years. In spite of this, probably through a misunderstanding some time in the early 20th century, it is the Aṣṭāṅga-saṃgraha that is primarily taught as part of the modern ayurvedic BAMS syllabus at Government ayurvedic colleges.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=First Year Syllabus - Central Council of Indian Medicine\|url=https://www.ccimindia.org/first_year_syllabus.php\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=DIRECTORATE OF AYUSH\|url=http://web.delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/doit_ayush/AYUSH/Home/AYUSH+Systems+of+Medicine/Ayurveda/\|access-date=2021-06-03\|website=web.delhi.gov.in}}</ref>

	The ''Bṛhat-Trayī'' or "Triad of the Great" is also sometimes called the ''Vṛddha-Trayī'', which means "the triad of the old/mature (classics or authors)".		The ''Bṛhat-Trayī'' or "Triad of the Great" is also sometimes called the ''Vṛddha-Trayī'', which means "the triad of the old/mature (classics or authors)".

	All three works have been published in numerous Sanskrit editions, and all have been translated into English more than once. The English translations of P. V. Sharma and of ~~Srikanthamurthy~~ are considered among the better ones. The German translation of the Ashtanga Hridayam by Hilgenberg and [[Kirfel]] is widely considered the very best and scholarly translation available.		All three works have been published in numerous Sanskrit editions, and all have been translated into English more than once. The English translations of P. V. Sharma and of Srikantha Murthy are considered among the better ones. The German translation of the Ashtanga Hridayam by Hilgenberg and [[Kirfel]] is widely considered the very best and scholarly translation available.

	== See also ==		== See also ==

>Eggishorn: Undid revision 1041933467 by Ifidont (talk) rv unsourced

2021-09-06T13:54:31Z

Undid revision 1041933467 by Ifidont (talk) rv unsourced

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:24, 6 September 2021
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	* [[Charaka Samhita]] (चरकसंहिता) was composed by [[Agnivesa]] (अग्निवेश) and later edited by [[Charaka]] (चरक).		* [[Charaka Samhita]] (चरकसंहिता) was composed by [[Agnivesa]] (अग्निवेश) and later edited by [[Charaka]] (चरक).
	* [[Sushruta Samhita]] (सुश्रुतसंहिता) was composed by [[Sushruta]] (सुश्रुत).		* [[Sushruta Samhita]] (सुश्रुतसंहिता) was composed by [[Sushruta]] (सुश्रुत).
	* [[Ashtanga Hridayam\|Ashtanga Hridayam Samhita]] (अष्टाग्ङहृदयसंहिता) was composed by [[Vagbhata]] (वाग्भट)~~, the elder.~~ (fl. ca. AD 610, in Sindh).		* [[Ashtanga Hridayam\|Ashtanga Hridayam Samhita]] (अष्टाग्ङहृदयसंहिता) was composed by [[Vagbhata]] (वाग्भट) (fl. ca. AD 610, in Sindh).

	A work called [[Ashtāṅgasaṅgraha\|Aṣṭāṅgasaṃgraha]] (अष्टाग्ङसंग्रह) is also ascribed to the author, [[Vagbhata\|Vāgbhaṭa]] वाग्भट~~, the junior~~. It is a more diffuse work than the Aṣṭāṅga-hṛdaya-saṃhitā, and is in mixed prose and verse (the Ashtanga Hridayam is in verse only). These two works are versions of the same material, but their exact relationship, authorship and priority is still debated by scholars. There are thousands of medieval manuscripts of the Ashtanga Hridayam in archives and libraries across India, while the Aṣṭāṅga Saṃgraha is rare, having survived to the 20th century in only a few partial copies. It is thus clear that the Ashtanga Hridayam is the text that was most widely studied in pre-modern times, and was in fact the standard textbook of [[ayurveda]] for several hundred years. In spite of this, probably through a misunderstanding some time in the early 20th century, it is the Aṣṭāṅga-saṃgraha that is primarily taught as part of the modern ayurvedic BAMS syllabus at Government ayurvedic colleges.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=First Year Syllabus - Central Council of Indian Medicine\|url=https://www.ccimindia.org/first_year_syllabus.php\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=DIRECTORATE OF AYUSH\|url=http://web.delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/doit_ayush/AYUSH/Home/AYUSH+Systems+of+Medicine/Ayurveda/\|access-date=2021-06-03\|website=web.delhi.gov.in}}</ref>		A work called [[Ashtāṅgasaṅgraha\|Aṣṭāṅgasaṃgraha]] (अष्टाग्ङसंग्रह) is also ascribed to the last author, [[Vagbhata\|Vāgbhaṭa]] वाग्भट. It is a more diffuse work than the Aṣṭāṅga-hṛdaya-saṃhitā, and is in mixed prose and verse (the Ashtanga Hridayam is in verse only). These two works are versions of the same material, but their exact relationship, authorship and priority is still debated by scholars. There are thousands of medieval manuscripts of the Ashtanga Hridayam in archives and libraries across India, while the Aṣṭāṅga Saṃgraha is rare, having survived to the 20th century in only a few partial copies. It is thus clear that the Ashtanga Hridayam is the text that was most widely studied in pre-modern times, and was in fact the standard textbook of [[ayurveda]] for several hundred years. In spite of this, probably through a misunderstanding some time in the early 20th century, it is the Aṣṭāṅga-saṃgraha that is primarily taught as part of the modern ayurvedic BAMS syllabus at Government ayurvedic colleges.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=First Year Syllabus - Central Council of Indian Medicine\|url=https://www.ccimindia.org/first_year_syllabus.php\|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|title=DIRECTORATE OF AYUSH\|url=http://web.delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/doit_ayush/AYUSH/Home/AYUSH+Systems+of+Medicine/Ayurveda/\|access-date=2021-06-03\|website=web.delhi.gov.in}}</ref>

	The ''Bṛhat-Trayī'' or "Triad of the Great" is also sometimes called the ''Vṛddha-Trayī'', which means "the triad of the old/mature (classics or authors)".		The ''Bṛhat-Trayī'' or "Triad of the Great" is also sometimes called the ''Vṛddha-Trayī'', which means "the triad of the old/mature (classics or authors)".

imported>Ifidont: Vagbhata as elder and Junior

2021-09-02T10:40:44Z

Vagbhata as elder and Junior

New page

The '''Bṛhat-Trayī,''' literally translated as "The Great Triad (Of Compositions)", refers to three early [[Sanskrit]] encyclopedias of medicine, which are the core texts of the indigenous Indian medical system of [[Ayurveda]]. These are contrasted with the '''Laghu-Trayī''' or the "lesser triad", a secondary set of later authoritative compositions.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Jan Meulenbeld|first=Gerrit|title=History of Indian Medical Literature|year=1999|isbn=9069801248}}</ref>

This classification was first devised probably at some time in the 19th century, although its earliest use has not yet (2008) been identified. The classification is not known to authors before the 18th century. It is part of an effort to create a formal canon for ayurvedic literature.

There are older medical encyclopedias than are not included in the Bṛhat-Trayī, for example the ''Bheḷa-saṃhitā''.{{cn|date=June 2021}}

==Overview==
The following three works constitute the Bṛhat-Trayī:
* [[Charaka Samhita]] (चरकसंहिता) was composed by [[Agnivesa]] (अग्निवेश) and later edited by [[Charaka]] (चरक).
* [[Sushruta Samhita]] (सुश्रुतसंहिता) was composed by [[Sushruta]] (सुश्रुत).
* [[Ashtanga Hridayam|Ashtanga Hridayam Samhita]] (अष्टाग्ङहृदयसंहिता) was composed by [[Vagbhata]] (वाग्भट), the elder. (fl. ca. AD 610, in Sindh).

A work called [[Ashtāṅgasaṅgraha|Aṣṭāṅgasaṃgraha]] (अष्टाग्ङसंग्रह) is also ascribed to the author, [[Vagbhata|Vāgbhaṭa]] वाग्भट, the junior. It is a more diffuse work than the Aṣṭāṅga-hṛdaya-saṃhitā, and is in mixed prose and verse (the Ashtanga Hridayam is in verse only). These two works are versions of the same material, but their exact relationship, authorship and priority is still debated by scholars. There are thousands of medieval manuscripts of the Ashtanga Hridayam in archives and libraries across India, while the Aṣṭāṅga Saṃgraha is rare, having survived to the 20th century in only a few partial copies. It is thus clear that the Ashtanga Hridayam is the text that was most widely studied in pre-modern times, and was in fact the standard textbook of [[ayurveda]] for several hundred years. In spite of this, probably through a misunderstanding some time in the early 20th century, it is the Aṣṭāṅga-saṃgraha that is primarily taught as part of the modern ayurvedic BAMS syllabus at Government ayurvedic colleges.<ref>{{Cite web|title=First Year Syllabus - Central Council of Indian Medicine|url=https://www.ccimindia.org/first_year_syllabus.php|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=DIRECTORATE OF AYUSH|url=http://web.delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/doit_ayush/AYUSH/Home/AYUSH+Systems+of+Medicine/Ayurveda/|access-date=2021-06-03|website=web.delhi.gov.in}}</ref>

The ''Bṛhat-Trayī'' or "Triad of the Great" is also sometimes called the ''Vṛddha-Trayī'', which means "the triad of the old/mature (classics or authors)".

All three works have been published in numerous Sanskrit editions, and all have been translated into English more than once. The English translations of P. V. Sharma and of Srikanthamurthy are considered among the better ones. The German translation of the Ashtanga Hridayam by Hilgenberg and [[Kirfel]] is widely considered the very best and scholarly translation available.

== See also ==

* [[History of India]]
* [[Culture of India]]
* [[History of science and technology in the Indian subcontinent]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
*

[[Category:Ayurveda]]
[[Category:Sanskrit literature]]