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References

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	[[Category:Cattle breeds originating in France]]		[[Category:Cattle breeds originating in France]]
			[[Category:National symbols of Bretagne]]

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{{Short description|French breed of cattle}}
{{use dmy dates|date=May 2014}}
{{use list-defined references|date=May 2014}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2014}}
{{Infobox cattle breed
| name = Bretonne pie noir
| image = Vaches Bretonnes Pie Noir.JPG
| image_alt = two black and white cows in a field
| image_caption = Bretonne Pie Noir cows
| status = {{nobreak|[[FAO]] (2007): not listed<ref name=barb/>}}
| altname = Morbihan
| country = France
| distribution = [[Brittany]]
| standard =
| use = dairy
| maleweight = 600 kg<ref name=brg/>
| femaleweight = 450 kg<ref name=brg/>
| maleheight = 123 cm<ref name=brg/>
| femaleheight = 117 cm<ref name=brg/>
| skincolor =
| coat = pied black and white
| horn = horned
| subspecies =
| note =
}}
[[File:Taureau breton pie noir.JPG|300px|thumbnail|An atypically dark Breton Pie Noir bull]]
The '''Bretonne Pie Noir''' is [[breed]] of small [[dairy cattle]] from [[Brittany]] in north-western France. It originates from [[Cornouaille]] and the [[Vannes|Pays de Vannes]] in the [[département]]s of [[Finistère]] and [[Morbihan]]. Due to its small size, modest requirements, good productivity and ability to exploit poor and marginal terrain, it was well suited to traditional Breton agriculture.<ref name=inra/> A herdbook was established in 1886.<ref name=dad/><ref name=pierre/> The breed was in the past numerous; at the beginning of the twentieth century there were about 500,000. Numbers fell drastically during that century, and in 1976, when about 15,000 remained, a breed conservation plan was begun, the first such for any breed of cattle.<ref name=inra/>

==Characteristics==

The Bretonne Pie Noir is [[piebald|pied]] black and white; a red pied variant disappeared during the twentieth century.<ref name=inra/> Height at the [[withers]] averages 123 cm for males, 117 cm for females; average weight is 600 kg for bulls, 450 kg for cows.<ref name=brg/>

==Use==

The milk yield of the Bretonne Pie Noir is about 3500 kg per [[lactation]]. The milk has 4.4% fat and 3.4% protein.<ref name=brg/> Gwell, the traditional Breton [[yogurt]], is made from this milk.<ref>"[https://www.geneticresources.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/PrepActGR-II-Strategy-Gwell-FR.pdf Development of a traditional product from the milk of local cows “Bretonne Pie noir”: the Gwell]"</ref>

==References==

{{reflist|refs=

<ref name=barb>Barbara Rischkowsky, D. Pilling (eds.) (2007). [ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/010/a1250e/annexes/List%20of%20breeds%20documented%20in%20the%20Global%20Databank%20for%20Animal%20Genetic%20Resources/List_breeds.pdf List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources], annex to [ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/010/a1250e/a1250e.pdf ''The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture'']. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. {{ISBN|9789251057629}}. Accessed May 2014.</ref>

<ref name=brg>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120501235034/http://www.brg.prd.fr/brg/pages/rga/bovins/12 Étude de la race bovine: Bretonne Pie Noire] (in French). Bureau des Ressources Génétiques. Archived 1 May 2012.</ref>

<ref name=dad>[http://dad.fao.org/cgi-bin/EfabisWeb.cgi?sid=0b1613ebf16355cf65f6a05b9a65fe25,reportsreport8a_50001231 Breed data sheet: Bretonne Pie Noire/France]. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed May 2014.</ref>

<ref name=inra>Jean-Jacques Colleau, Pierre Quéméré, H. Larroque, J. Sergent, C. Wagner (2002). [https://www6.inra.fr/productions-animales/content/download/3889/40110/version/1/file/Prod_Anim_2002_15_3_07.pdf Gestion génétique de la race bovine Bretonne Pie-Noire: bilan et perspectives = Genetic management of the Breton Black-Pied cattle breed] (in French). ''INRA Productions Animales'' '''15''' (3): 221–230.</ref>

<ref name=pierre>Pierre Quéméré (2006). [https://books.google.com/books?id=JzPg4tqJj60C La bretonne pie noir: grandeur, décadence, renouveau] (in French). Paris: France agricole. {{ISBN|9782855571355}}.</ref>}}

{{Cattle breeds of France}}

[[Category:Cattle breeds originating in France]]

Bretonne Pie Noir - Revision history

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