Brajabuli - Revision history

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			{{Short description\|Artificial literary language based on Maithili}}
	{{distinguish\|Brajavali dialect}}		{{distinguish\|Brajavali dialect}}
	{{Infobox language		{{Infobox language
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	'''Brajabuli''' is an artificial literary language popularized by the poet [[Vidyapati]].<ref name="Majumdar1960">{{cite book \|editor1-last=Majumdar \|editor1-first=Ramesh Chandra \|editor1-link=R. C. Majumdar \|editor2-last=Pusalker \|editor2-first=A. D. \|editor3-last=Majumdar \|editor3-first=A. K. \|date=1960 \|title=[[The History and Culture of the Indian People]] \|volume=VI: The Delhi Sultanate \|location=Bombay \|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan \|page=515 \|quote="During the sixteenth century, a form of an artificial literary language became established ... It was the ''Brajabulī'' dialect ... ''Brajabulī'' is practically the Maithilī speech as current in Mithilā, modified in its forms to look like Bengali."}}</ref><ref name="Banglapedia-Brajabuli">{{cite book \|last=Morshed \|first=Abul Kalam Manjoor \|year=2012 \|chapter=Brajabuli \|chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Brajabuli \|editor1-last=Islam \|editor1-first=Sirajul \|editor1-link=Sirajul Islam \|editor2-last=Jamal \|editor2-first=Ahmed A. \|title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh \|edition=Second \|publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> His Brajabuli lyrics about the love which were turned out to be for Radha Krishna later on these are considered his best work.<ref name="Banglapedia-Vidyapati">{{cite book \|last=Choudhury \|first=Basanti \|year=2012 \|chapter=Vidyapati \|chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Vidyapati \|editor1-last=Islam \|editor1-first=Sirajul \|editor1-link=Sirajul Islam \|editor2-last=Jamal \|editor2-first=Ahmed A. \|title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh \|edition=Second \|publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> Other poets emulated his writing, and the language became established in the 16th century.<ref name="Majumdar1960" /><ref name="Banglapedia-Brajabuli" /> Among the medieval Odia poets who wrote in Brajabuli are [[Ray Ramananda]], [[Bhupati Pandita]], [[Brundabati dasi]], [[Narottama Das]], [[Balarama Das]], [[Jnanadas]], and [[Gobinda das Kabiraj]].<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Mansinha \|first1=Mayadhar \|title=History of Oriya literature \|date=1962 \|publisher=Sahitya Akademi \|location=New Delhi \|pages=133 \|url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/19WBHukqcz8XuXyGvjimYqt6sU1y5HEtZ/view}}</ref><ref name="Paniker1997">{{cite book \|last=Paniker \|first=K. Ayyappa \|author-link=Ayyappa Paniker \|date=1997 \|title=Medieval Indian Literature: An Anthology \|volume=~~Volume~~ One: Surveys and selections \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KYLpvaKJIMEC&pg=PA287 \|location=New Delhi \|publisher=Sahitya Akademi \|page=287 \|isbn=978-81-260-0365-5}}</ref>		'''Brajabuli''' is an artificial literary language popularized by the poet [[Vidyapati]].<ref name="Majumdar1960">{{cite book \|editor1-last=Majumdar \|editor1-first=Ramesh Chandra \|editor1-link=R. C. Majumdar \|editor2-last=Pusalker \|editor2-first=A. D. \|editor3-last=Majumdar \|editor3-first=A. K. \|date=1960 \|title=[[The History and Culture of the Indian People]] \|volume=VI: The Delhi Sultanate \|location=Bombay \|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan \|page=515 \|quote="During the sixteenth century, a form of an artificial literary language became established ... It was the ''Brajabulī'' dialect ... ''Brajabulī'' is practically the Maithilī speech as current in Mithilā, modified in its forms to look like Bengali."}}</ref><ref name="Banglapedia-Brajabuli">{{cite book \|last=Morshed \|first=Abul Kalam Manjoor \|year=2012 \|chapter=Brajabuli \|chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Brajabuli \|editor1-last=Islam \|editor1-first=Sirajul \|editor1-link=Sirajul Islam \|editor2-last=Jamal \|editor2-first=Ahmed A. \|title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh \|edition=Second \|publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> His Brajabuli lyrics about the love which were turned out to be for Radha Krishna later on these are considered his best work.<ref name="Banglapedia-Vidyapati">{{cite book \|last=Choudhury \|first=Basanti \|year=2012 \|chapter=Vidyapati \|chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Vidyapati \|editor1-last=Islam \|editor1-first=Sirajul \|editor1-link=Sirajul Islam \|editor2-last=Jamal \|editor2-first=Ahmed A. \|title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh \|edition=Second \|publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> Other poets emulated his writing, and the language became established in the 16th century.<ref name="Majumdar1960" /><ref name="Banglapedia-Brajabuli" /> Among the medieval Odia poets who wrote in Brajabuli are [[Ray Ramananda]], [[Bhupati Pandita]], [[Brundabati dasi]], [[Narottama Das]], [[Balarama Das]], [[Jnanadas]], and [[Gobinda das Kabiraj]].<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Mansinha \|first1=Mayadhar \|title=History of Oriya literature \|date=1962 \|publisher=Sahitya Akademi \|location=New Delhi \|pages=133 \|url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/19WBHukqcz8XuXyGvjimYqt6sU1y5HEtZ/view}}</ref><ref name="Paniker1997">{{cite book \|last=Paniker \|first=K. Ayyappa \|author-link=Ayyappa Paniker \|date=1997 \|title=Medieval Indian Literature: An Anthology \|volume=One: Surveys and selections \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KYLpvaKJIMEC&pg=PA287 \|location=New Delhi \|publisher=Sahitya Akademi \|page=287 \|isbn=978-81-260-0365-5}}</ref>

	[[Rabindranath Tagore]] also composed his ''[[Bhanusimha Thakurer Padavali]]'' (1884) in this language (he initially promoted these lyrics as those of a newly discovered poet, Bhanusingha).<ref name="Banglapedia-Vidyapati" /> Other 19th century figures in the [[Bengal Renaissance]], such as [[Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay]], have also written in Brajabuli.<ref name="Paniker1997" /> The extant Brajabuli literature consists of about 5,000 poems.<ref>{{cite book \|last=Sen \|first=Sukumar \|author-link=Sukumar Sen (linguist) \|date=1935 \|title=A History of Brajabuli Literature \|url=https://archive.org/details/brajabuli \|publisher=University of Calcutta \|page=[https://archive.org/details/brajabuli/page/n22 3]}}</ref>		[[Rabindranath Tagore]] also composed his ''[[Bhanusimha Thakurer Padavali]]'' (1884) in this language (he initially promoted these lyrics as those of a newly discovered poet, Bhanusingha).<ref name="Banglapedia-Vidyapati" /> Other 19th century figures in the [[Bengal Renaissance]], such as [[Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay]], have also written in Brajabuli.<ref name="Paniker1997" /> The extant Brajabuli literature consists of about 5,000 poems.<ref>{{cite book \|last=Sen \|first=Sukumar \|author-link=Sukumar Sen (linguist) \|date=1935 \|title=A History of Brajabuli Literature \|url=https://archive.org/details/brajabuli \|publisher=University of Calcutta \|page=[https://archive.org/details/brajabuli/page/n22 3]}}</ref>

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	\| fam3 = [[Indo-Aryan languages\|Indo-Aryan]]		\| fam3 = [[Indo-Aryan languages\|Indo-Aryan]]
	\| fam4 = [[Indo-Aryan languages#Eastern Zone ~~(Magadhan)~~\|Eastern Zone (Magadhan)]]		\| fam4 = [[Indo-Aryan languages#Eastern Zone\|Eastern Zone (Magadhan)]]
	\| fam5 = [[Maithili language\|Maithili]]		\| fam5 = [[Maithili language\|Maithili]]
	\|creator= [[Vidyapati]]		\|creator= [[Vidyapati]]
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{{distinguish|Brajavali dialect}}
{{Infobox language
|name= Brajabuli
|nativename= ব্রজবুলি
|pronunciation=
|region= Bangladesh, India
|speakers= none
|extinct=unknown
|familycolor=Indo-European
| fam2 = [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]
| fam3 = [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]]
| fam4 = [[Indo-Aryan languages#Eastern Zone (Magadhan)|Eastern Zone (Magadhan)]]
| fam5 = [[Maithili language|Maithili]]
|creator= [[Vidyapati]]
|created= 16th century
|script= [[Mithilakshar]]
|iso3=none
|image=
|notice=IPA
|glotto=none
}}
'''Brajabuli''' is an artificial literary language popularized by the poet [[Vidyapati]].<ref name="Majumdar1960">{{cite book |editor1-last=Majumdar |editor1-first=Ramesh Chandra |editor1-link=R. C. Majumdar |editor2-last=Pusalker |editor2-first=A. D. |editor3-last=Majumdar |editor3-first=A. K. |date=1960 |title=[[The History and Culture of the Indian People]] |volume=VI: The Delhi Sultanate |location=Bombay |publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan |page=515 |quote="During the sixteenth century, a form of an artificial literary language became established ... It was the ''Brajabulī'' dialect ... ''Brajabulī'' is practically the Maithilī speech as current in Mithilā, modified in its forms to look like Bengali."}}</ref><ref name="Banglapedia-Brajabuli">{{cite book |last=Morshed |first=Abul Kalam Manjoor |year=2012 |chapter=Brajabuli |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Brajabuli |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> His Brajabuli lyrics about the love which were turned out to be for Radha Krishna later on these are considered his best work.<ref name="Banglapedia-Vidyapati">{{cite book |last=Choudhury |first=Basanti |year=2012 |chapter=Vidyapati |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Vidyapati |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> Other poets emulated his writing, and the language became established in the 16th century.<ref name="Majumdar1960" /><ref name="Banglapedia-Brajabuli" /> Among the medieval Odia poets who wrote in Brajabuli are [[Ray Ramananda]], [[Bhupati Pandita]], [[Brundabati dasi]], [[Narottama Das]], [[Balarama Das]], [[Jnanadas]], and [[Gobinda das Kabiraj]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Mansinha |first1=Mayadhar |title=History of Oriya literature |date=1962 |publisher=Sahitya Akademi |location=New Delhi |pages=133 |url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/19WBHukqcz8XuXyGvjimYqt6sU1y5HEtZ/view}}</ref><ref name="Paniker1997">{{cite book |last=Paniker |first=K. Ayyappa |author-link=Ayyappa Paniker |date=1997 |title=Medieval Indian Literature: An Anthology |volume=Volume One: Surveys and selections |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KYLpvaKJIMEC&pg=PA287 |location=New Delhi |publisher=Sahitya Akademi |page=287 |isbn=978-81-260-0365-5}}</ref>

[[Rabindranath Tagore]] also composed his ''[[Bhanusimha Thakurer Padavali]]'' (1884) in this language (he initially promoted these lyrics as those of a newly discovered poet, Bhanusingha).<ref name="Banglapedia-Vidyapati" /> Other 19th century figures in the [[Bengal Renaissance]], such as [[Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay]], have also written in Brajabuli.<ref name="Paniker1997" /> The extant Brajabuli literature consists of about 5,000 poems.<ref>{{cite book |last=Sen |first=Sukumar |author-link=Sukumar Sen (linguist) |date=1935 |title=A History of Brajabuli Literature |url=https://archive.org/details/brajabuli |publisher=University of Calcutta |page=[https://archive.org/details/brajabuli/page/n22 3]}}</ref>

Brajabuli is basically [[Maithili language|Maithili]] (as prevalent during the medieval period), but its forms are modified to look like [[Bengali language|Bengali]].<ref name="Majumdar1960" />

==See also==
*[[Brajavali dialect]] – another literary language based on Maithili

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090303151020/http://ignca.nic.in/nl_00514.htm Vidyapati Padmavati]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110928183208/http://www.mithilaonline.com/admire.html Maharsi Sri Aurobindo on Vidyapati] by [[Binod Bihari Verma]]

[[Category:Bengali dialects]]
[[Category:Eastern Indo-Aryan languages]]
[[Category:Languages of India]]

{{India-culture-stub}}
{{conlang-stub}}