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{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}}
{{Orphan|date=January 2025}}

{{Speciesbox
| image =
| genus = Brachystelma
| species = tumakurense
| authority = Gundappa, Sringesw., Vishwan. & Venu
}}

'''''Brachystelma tumakurense''''' is a species of [[tuber]]ous [[flowering plant]] in the dogbane family [[Apocynaceae]]. It is found in [[Tumakuru district]], [[Karnataka]], [[India]], for which it is named.

== Description ==
''Brachystelma tumakurense'' is a perennial [[herb]]. It has an unbranched, erect and delicate stem that grows up to a height of {{convert|1|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}. The long and narrow leaves, which are curled such that they appear cylindrical, are about {{convert|13|cm|abbr=on}} long and are separated by [[Internode (botany)|internodular]] spaces of {{convert|6|-|7|cm|abbr=on}}. The stem is weak and sometimes bends under the weight of the leaves and flowers.<ref name="Gundappa et al.">{{Cite journal|last1=B. V.|first1=Gundappa|last2=A. N.|first2=Sringeswara|last3=S.|first3=Vishwanath|last4=Venu|first4=P. |name-list-style=amp |date=2021-06-30|title=A new species of ''Brachystelma'' (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) from Karnataka, India|url=http://rheedea.in/storages/submission/file/2050778875.pdf|url-status=live|journal=Rheedea|volume=31|issue=2|pages=48–52|doi=10.22244/rheedea.2021.31.02.01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819151956/http://rheedea.in/storages/submission/file/2050778875.pdf|archive-date=2021-08-19|access-date=2021-08-19|doi-access=free}}</ref>

The plant bears 3–6 drooping [[flower]]s. The flowers' [[Pedicel (botany)|pedicel]]s are thread-like and measure about {{convert|5|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} in length. Flower [[bud]]s are about 5 mm long when mature. The flowers have five [[sepal]]s, which measure {{convert|2.5-3|mm|in|2|abbr=on}} in length, are green on the underside and [[maroon]] above. Five hairy-looking [[petal]]s, each measuring {{convert|9-10|mm|abbr=on}} long, are borne. The petals' lobes are light green; the bases are greenish, with maroon spots.<ref name="Gundappa et al." />

=== Phenology ===
The plant itself grows from May to August, after which it withers. The oblong underground tuber, which is edible, persists for up to a year. Flowers are borne from June to July, and fruits from August to September.<ref name="Gundappa et al." /><ref name="Hindu">{{Cite news|last=Deepika|first=K. C.|date=2021-08-18|title=New plant found in Tumakuru takes the district's name|language=en-IN|work=The Hindu|url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/new-plant-found-in-tumakuru-takes-the-districts-name/article35987641.ece|url-status=live|access-date=2021-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819061409/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/new-plant-found-in-tumakuru-takes-the-districts-name/article35987641.ece|archive-date=2021-08-19 }}</ref>

== Taxonomy ==
''Brachystelma tumakurense'' was identified from a moist mixed forest in Tumakuru district, Karnataka, in 2017, when deficient rainfall caused grasses surrounding the plant to grow shorter than usual.<ref name="Gundappa et al." /> The plant is named for Tumakuru district.<ref name="Hindu" />

''Brachystelma tumakurense'' is closely related to ''B. bourneae'', ''B. maculatum'' and ''B. rangacharii''; the plants all have oblong tubers, erect stems, long and narrow leaves, and bear 3–6 flowers. ''B. tumakurense'' is differentiated from the other three species by having green petals spotted with [[maroon]]—the other plants have differently-coloured flowers.<ref name="Gundappa et al." />

== Distribution and habitat ==
''Brachystelma tumakurense'' is known only from the locality from where it was first described—[[Devarayanadurga]] in Karnataka's Tumakuru district.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Web Desk|date=2021-07-03|title=ತುಮಕೂರು : ದೇವರಾಯನದುರ್ಗ ಅರಣ್ಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಹೊಸ ಸಸ್ಯ ಪ್ರಭೇದ ಪತ್ತೆ!!|url=https://prajapragathi.com/tumkur-272/|access-date=2021-08-19|website=Prajapragathi|language=kn|archive-date=2021-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819061440/https://prajapragathi.com/tumkur-272/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Gundappa et al." /> It is found growing among [[Poaceae|grasses]] in moist mixed forests.<ref name="Gundappa et al." />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q108150065}}

[[Category:Brachystelma|tumakurense]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of India (region)]]
[[Category:Plants described in 2021]]

Brachystelma tumakurense - Revision history

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