Bilhana - Revision history

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	'''[[Kaviraj\|Kavi]] Bilhana''' was an 11th-century [[~~Telugu people~~\|Kashmiri]] [[poet]]. He is known for his love poem, the ''[[Caurapañcāśikā]]''.		'''[[Kaviraj\|Kavi]] Bilhana''' was an 11th-century [[Kashmiri Pandits\|Kashmiri]] [[poet]]. He is known for his love poem, the ''[[Caurapañcāśikā]]''.

	According to legend, Bilhana fell in love with the daughter of King Madanabhirama, Princess Yaminipurnatilaka, and had a secretive love affair. Bilhana kavi came to rajya for to learn Chandassu . They were discovered, and Bilhana was thrown into prison. While awaiting judgement, he wrote the ''Caurapâñcâśikâ'', a fifty-[[stanza]] love poem, not knowing whether he would be sent into exile or die on the gallows. It is unknown what fate Bilhana encountered. Nevertheless, his poem was transmitted orally around [[India]]. There are several versions, including ones from [[South India]] which had a happy ending; the [[Kashmiri language\|Kashmiri]] version does not specify what the outcome was. The ''Caurapâñcâśikâ'' was first translated into a European language, [[French language\|French]], in 1848.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Ariel \|first=M \|title=Tchorapantchaçat \|journal= Journal Asiatique, Quatrième Serie~~, Tome XI, p. 469-534~~ \|year=1848 }}</ref> Subsequently, it was translated several other times. Notable translations are those of Sir [[Edwin Arnold]]<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Arnold \|first=Edwin \|title=The Chaurapanchāsika: an Indian Love-Lament \|publisher=Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and co. \|year=1896 }}</ref>(London 1896) and [[Edward Powys Mathers]]<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Mathers \|first=Edward Powys \|title=Black Marigolds \|publisher=B.H. Blackwell \|year=1919 }}</ref> (Oxford, 1919) titled ''Black Marigolds''. This latter version was quoted extensively by [[John Steinbeck]] in ''[[Cannery Row (novel)\|Cannery Row]]''.		According to legend, Bilhana fell in love with the daughter of King Madanabhirama, Princess Yaminipurnatilaka, and had a secretive love affair. Bilhana kavi came to rajya for to learn Chandassu . They were discovered, and Bilhana was thrown into prison. While awaiting judgement, he wrote the ''Caurapâñcâśikâ'', a fifty-[[stanza]] love poem, not knowing whether he would be sent into exile or die on the gallows. It is unknown what fate Bilhana encountered. Nevertheless, his poem was transmitted orally around [[India]]. There are several versions, including ones from [[South India]] which had a happy ending; the [[Kashmiri language\|Kashmiri]] version does not specify what the outcome was. The ''Caurapâñcâśikâ'' was first translated into a European language, [[French language\|French]], in 1848.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Ariel \|first=M \|title=Tchorapantchaçat \|journal= Journal Asiatique \|series=Quatrième Serie \|volume=11 \|pages=469–534 \|year=1848 }}</ref> Subsequently, it was translated several other times. Notable translations are those of Sir [[Edwin Arnold]]<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Arnold \|first=Edwin \|title=The Chaurapanchāsika: an Indian Love-Lament \|publisher=Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and co. \|year=1896 }}</ref>(London 1896) and [[Edward Powys Mathers]]<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Mathers \|first=Edward Powys \|title=Black Marigolds \|publisher=B.H. Blackwell \|year=1919 }}</ref> (Oxford, 1919) titled ''Black Marigolds''. This latter version was quoted extensively by [[John Steinbeck]] in ''[[Cannery Row (novel)\|Cannery Row]]''.

	Bilhana left his homeland in search of fame and fortune. He wandered through Mathura, Kanuj, Prayaga, Varanasi, Somnath, Kalyan and Rameswaram but luck eluded him.<ref>Sreedharan, E, "A Textbook of Historiography: 500 BC to AD 2000". New Delhi, Oreient Black Swan, 2004,p. 326 {{ISBN\|81-250-2657-6}} [https://books.google.com/books/about/A_Textbook_of_Historiography_500_B_C_to.html?id=jJVoi3PIejwC]</ref> But while trekking back through Kalyan, [[Western Chalukya Empire]] King [[Vikramaditya VI]] appointed him as Vidyapathi. Bilhana rewarded his patron by composing in his honor an epic ''Vikramankadevacharita''.<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book \|last=Sen \|first=Sailendra \|title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History \|publisher=Primus Books \|year=2013 \|isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 \|pages=52–53}}</ref>		Bilhana left his homeland in search of fame and fortune. He wandered through Mathura, Kanuj, Prayaga, Varanasi, Somnath, Kalyan and Rameswaram but luck eluded him.<ref>Sreedharan, E, "A Textbook of Historiography: 500 BC to AD 2000". New Delhi, Oreient Black Swan, 2004,p. 326 {{ISBN\|81-250-2657-6}} [https://books.google.com/books/about/A_Textbook_of_Historiography_500_B_C_to.html?id=jJVoi3PIejwC]</ref> But while trekking back through Kalyan, [[Western Chalukya Empire]] King [[Vikramaditya VI]] appointed him as Vidyapathi. Bilhana rewarded his patron by composing in his honor an epic ''Vikramankadevacharita''.<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book \|last=Sen \|first=Sailendra \|title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History \|publisher=Primus Books \|year=2013 \|isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 \|pages=52–53}}</ref>

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← Older revision		Revision as of 04:52, 27 July 2021
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	{{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2019}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2019}}
	{{more citations needed\|date=March 2020}}		{{more citations needed\|date=March 2020}}
	'''[[Kaviraj\|Kavi]] Bilhana''' was an 11th-century [[Telugu people\|Kashmiri]] [[poet]]~~. Some where he belongs to telugu~~. He is known for his love poem, the ''[[Caurapañcāśikā]]''.		'''[[Kaviraj\|Kavi]] Bilhana''' was an 11th-century [[Telugu people\|Kashmiri]] [[poet]]. He is known for his love poem, the ''[[Caurapañcāśikā]]''.

	According to legend, Bilhana fell in love with the daughter of King Madanabhirama, Princess Yaminipurnatilaka, and had a secretive love affair. Bilhana kavi came to rajya for to learn Chandassu . They were discovered, and Bilhana was thrown into prison. While awaiting judgement, he wrote the ''Caurapâñcâśikâ'', a fifty-[[stanza]] love poem, not knowing whether he would be sent into exile or die on the gallows. It is unknown what fate Bilhana encountered. Nevertheless, his poem was transmitted orally around [[India]]. There are several versions, including ones from [[South India]] which had a happy ending; the [[Kashmiri language\|Kashmiri]] version does not specify what the outcome was. The ''Caurapâñcâśikâ'' was first translated into a European language, [[French language\|French]], in 1848. Subsequently, it was translated several other times. Notable translations are those of Sir [[Edwin Arnold]] (London 1896) and [[Edward Powys Mathers]] (Oxford, 1919) titled ''Black Marigolds''. This latter version was quoted extensively by [[John Steinbeck]] in ''[[Cannery Row (novel)\|Cannery Row]]''.		According to legend, Bilhana fell in love with the daughter of King Madanabhirama, Princess Yaminipurnatilaka, and had a secretive love affair. Bilhana kavi came to rajya for to learn Chandassu . They were discovered, and Bilhana was thrown into prison. While awaiting judgement, he wrote the ''Caurapâñcâśikâ'', a fifty-[[stanza]] love poem, not knowing whether he would be sent into exile or die on the gallows. It is unknown what fate Bilhana encountered. Nevertheless, his poem was transmitted orally around [[India]]. There are several versions, including ones from [[South India]] which had a happy ending; the [[Kashmiri language\|Kashmiri]] version does not specify what the outcome was. The ''Caurapâñcâśikâ'' was first translated into a European language, [[French language\|French]], in 1848.<ref>{{Cite journal \|last=Ariel \|first=M \|title=Tchorapantchaçat \|journal= Journal Asiatique, Quatrième Serie, Tome XI, p. 469-534 \|year=1848 }}</ref> Subsequently, it was translated several other times. Notable translations are those of Sir [[Edwin Arnold]]<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Arnold \|first=Edwin \|title=The Chaurapanchāsika: an Indian Love-Lament \|publisher=Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and co. \|year=1896 }}</ref>(London 1896) and [[Edward Powys Mathers]]<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Mathers \|first=Edward Powys \|title=Black Marigolds \|publisher=B.H. Blackwell \|year=1919 }}</ref> (Oxford, 1919) titled ''Black Marigolds''. This latter version was quoted extensively by [[John Steinbeck]] in ''[[Cannery Row (novel)\|Cannery Row]]''.

	Bilhana left his homeland in search of fame and fortune. He wandered through Mathura, Kanuj, Prayaga, Varanasi, Somnath, Kalyan and Rameswaram but luck eluded him.<ref>Sreedharan, E, "A Textbook of Historiography: 500 BC to AD 2000". New Delhi, Oreient Black Swan, 2004,p. 326 {{ISBN\|81-250-2657-6}} [https://books.google.com/books/about/A_Textbook_of_Historiography_500_B_C_to.html?id=jJVoi3PIejwC]</ref> But while trekking back through Kalyan, [[Western Chalukya Empire]] King [[Vikramaditya VI]] appointed him as Vidyapathi. Bilhana rewarded his patron by composing in his honor an epic ''Vikramankadevacharita''.<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book \|last=Sen \|first=Sailendra \|title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History \|publisher=Primus Books \|year=2013 \|isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 \|pages=52–53}}</ref>		Bilhana left his homeland in search of fame and fortune. He wandered through Mathura, Kanuj, Prayaga, Varanasi, Somnath, Kalyan and Rameswaram but luck eluded him.<ref>Sreedharan, E, "A Textbook of Historiography: 500 BC to AD 2000". New Delhi, Oreient Black Swan, 2004,p. 326 {{ISBN\|81-250-2657-6}} [https://books.google.com/books/about/A_Textbook_of_Historiography_500_B_C_to.html?id=jJVoi3PIejwC]</ref> But while trekking back through Kalyan, [[Western Chalukya Empire]] King [[Vikramaditya VI]] appointed him as Vidyapathi. Bilhana rewarded his patron by composing in his honor an epic ''Vikramankadevacharita''.<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book \|last=Sen \|first=Sailendra \|title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History \|publisher=Primus Books \|year=2013 \|isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 \|pages=52–53}}</ref>
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	==External links==		==External links==
	* [http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/bilhana/index.htm Black Marigolds, at sacred-texts.com]		*[http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/bilhana/index.htm Black Marigolds, at sacred-texts.com]
			*[https://archive.org/details/chaurapanchsika00bilhgoog The Caurapâñcâśikâ, at The Internet Archive]
	*[https://www.scribd.com/doc/163159032/Sanskrit-erotic-poetry-Vol-2 The Caurapâñcâśikâ (The Love-Thief)] Poesy rendering into English 2013		*[https://www.scribd.com/doc/163159032/Sanskrit-erotic-poetry-Vol-2 The Caurapâñcâśikâ (The Love-Thief)] Poesy rendering into English 2013

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>Nagesh943 at 17:42, 27 April 2021

2021-04-27T17:42:28Z

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{more citations needed|date=March 2020}}
'''[[Kaviraj|Kavi]] Bilhana''' was an 11th-century [[Telugu people|Kashmiri]] [[poet]]. Some where he belongs to telugu. He is known for his love poem, the ''[[Caurapañcāśikā]]''.

According to legend, Bilhana fell in love with the daughter of King Madanabhirama, Princess Yaminipurnatilaka, and had a secretive love affair. Bilhana kavi came to rajya for to learn Chandassu . They were discovered, and Bilhana was thrown into prison. While awaiting judgement, he wrote the ''Caurapâñcâśikâ'', a fifty-[[stanza]] love poem, not knowing whether he would be sent into exile or die on the gallows. It is unknown what fate Bilhana encountered. Nevertheless, his poem was transmitted orally around [[India]]. There are several versions, including ones from [[South India]] which had a happy ending; the [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]] version does not specify what the outcome was. The ''Caurapâñcâśikâ'' was first translated into a European language, [[French language|French]], in 1848. Subsequently, it was translated several other times. Notable translations are those of Sir [[Edwin Arnold]] (London 1896) and [[Edward Powys Mathers]] (Oxford, 1919) titled ''Black Marigolds''. This latter version was quoted extensively by [[John Steinbeck]] in ''[[Cannery Row (novel)|Cannery Row]]''.

Bilhana left his homeland in search of fame and fortune. He wandered through Mathura, Kanuj, Prayaga, Varanasi, Somnath, Kalyan and Rameswaram but luck eluded him.<ref>Sreedharan, E, "A Textbook of Historiography: 500 BC to AD 2000". New Delhi, Oreient Black Swan, 2004,p. 326 {{ISBN|81-250-2657-6}} [https://books.google.com/books/about/A_Textbook_of_Historiography_500_B_C_to.html?id=jJVoi3PIejwC]</ref> But while trekking back through Kalyan, [[Western Chalukya Empire]] King [[Vikramaditya VI]] appointed him as Vidyapathi. Bilhana rewarded his patron by composing in his honor an epic ''Vikramankadevacharita''.<ref name="sen2">{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=52–53}}</ref>

Bilhana is from the period of time when [[Sanskrit]] continued to be the language of literature, and is a very important poet of Kashmir from the Medieval period of Indian literature.

==See also==
*''[[Bilhana (film)|Bilhana]]'', a 1948 film directed by B. N. Rao
*''[[Bilhanan|Bilhana]]'', a 1948 film directed by K. V. Srinivasan

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{citation |last=Kawthekar |first=Prabhakar Narayan |title=Bilhana |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bq5rT0yXGC0C&pg=PA20 |year=1995 |publisher=Sahitya Akademi |isbn=978-81-7201-779-8 |ref={{sfnref|Kawthekar, Bilhana|1995}}}}
* Introduction to ''The Secret Delights of Love'', Peter Pauper Press (1966).

==External links==
* [http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/bilhana/index.htm Black Marigolds, at sacred-texts.com]
*[https://www.scribd.com/doc/163159032/Sanskrit-erotic-poetry-Vol-2 The Caurapâñcâśikâ (The Love-Thief)] Poesy rendering into English 2013

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bilhana}}
[[Category:Kashmiri people]]
[[Category:Kashmiri writers]]
[[Category:Kashmiri literature]]
[[Category:Hindu poets]]
[[Category:Kashmiri poets]]
[[Category:History of Kashmir]]
[[Category:11th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:Indian male poets]]

{{India-poet-stub}}