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{{other uses|Bihar (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Bihar
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name = Bihār
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| image_map = Sumerpur block map.png
| map_caption = Map showing Bihar (#850) in Sumerpur CD block
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|26.285985|N|80.829623|E|display=inline,title}}<ref name="GeoNames">{{cite web |url=https://geonames.nga.mil/namesgaz/ |title=Do a radial search using these coordinates here:}}</ref>
| subdivision_type = Country India
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Unnao district|Unnao]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2011"/>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 6.226
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 5952
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2011"/>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code =
| registration_plate = UP-35
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
'''Bihar''' is a village in [[Sumerpur, Unnao|Sumerpur]] block of [[Unnao district]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]].<ref name="Census 2011">{{cite web |title=Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Unnao, Part A (Village and Town Directory) |pages=416-41 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/UPA.html |website=Census 2011 India|access-date=12 July 2021}}</ref> Located on the main [[Unnao]]-[[Raebareli]] road, just to the east of the [[Loni river]] and near its confluence with the [[Kharahi river|Kharahi]], Bihar was briefly the headquarters of a [[tehsil]] in [[Raebareli district]] from 1860 until 1862, when it was moved into Unnao district.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903">{{cite book |last1=Nevill |first1=H.R. |title=Unao: A Gazetteer, Being Volume XXXVIII Of The District Gazetteers Of The United Provinces Of Agra And Oudh |date=1903 |publisher=Government Press |location=Allahabad |pages=163-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.113180 |access-date=12 July 2021}}</ref> As of 2011, the population of Bihar is 5,952, in 1,088 households, and it has 5 primary schools and no healthcare facilities.<ref name="Census 2011"/>

== History ==
According to tradition, Bihar was founded by Birbhan, ancestor of the [[Bais (Rajput clan)|Bais]] [[taluqdar]]s of [[Patan, Uttar Pradesh|Patan]]-Bihar, and named "Birhar" after himself.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> More realistically, the name was probably derived from a [[vihara]] or Buddhist monastery.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> Bihar was made the seat of a [[pargana]] under the Mughal emperor [[Akbar]].<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> At some point during the 1700s, it was the site of a battle between the Raos of [[Daundia Khera]], the Raja of [[Maurawan]], and the chief of [[Shankarpur]], all from the Bais clan.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> It was chosen as the seat of a [[tehsil]] by the British in 1860, but when it was moved into Unnao district two years later the tehsil was dissolved and Bihar was put under [[Purwa]] tehsil instead.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/>

At the turn of the 20th century, Bihar was described as a small town with several historical monuments, surrounded by a rich agricultural countryside.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> There had previously been two marketplaces, Radhaganj and Durgaganj, but Durgaganj had not held a market since the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]] and had fallen into disrepair.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> Radhaganj, which had been built by the taluqdar Shiudin Singh in 1846 and named after the goddess [[Radha]], held markets on Wednesdays and Saturdays.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> Shiudin Singh had also built a temple to Radha in Bihar.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> The fair held in honour of Biddhia Dhar had an average attendance of about 14,000 people then.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> A masonry tank was built in 1862 by Ikram-ullah, who was a [[tehsildar]] of Bihar, and financed in part by a subscription collected from the taluqdars.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> Near the old tehsil buildings, there was also a mud-built [[caravanserai|sarai]], and to the south of the Rae Bareli road were the ruins of an old fort.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> There was a police station and a middle vernacular school with 106 students.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> The population of Bihar in 1901 was 1,853, including a Muslim minority of 147.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/>

The [[1961 Census of India|1961 census]] recorded Bihar as comprising 9 hamlets, with a total population of 2,278 (1,027 male and 1,251 female), in 535 households and 450 physical houses.<ref name="Census 1961">{{cite book |title=Census 1961: District Census Handbook, Uttar Pradesh (37 - Unnao District) |date=1965 |location=Lucknow |pages=cxiv-cxv of section "Purwa Tehsil", cxxvi-cxxvii |url=http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/1040/1/21887_1961_UNN.pdf |access-date=9 July 2021}}</ref> The area of the village was given as 1,557 [[acre]]s, and it had a post office at the time.<ref name="Census 1961"/> Bihar then had the following small industrial establishments: 2 places producing edible fats/oils, 4 miscellaneous food processing establishments, 2 garment manufacturers, 1 place making [[shoe]]s, 4 makers of sundry hardwares, 1 [[bicycle repair shop]], and 1 maker of jewellery or precious metal objects.<ref name="Census 1961"/>

== Culture ==
Bihar holds a fair in honour of Biddia Dhar, a Hindu [[faqir]] who died in the village of [[Bakra Khurd]].<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> Arjun Singh, the taluqdar of Patan-Bihar, had been a follower of his, and he had his ''kundi'' (i.e. [[mortar and pestle]] buried at Bihar and had a platform raised on the site in his honour.<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/> The fair takes place during the month of [[Pus (month)|Pus]] (i.e. December and January), and vendors bring various items including cloth, brass, copper, iron utensils, and [[Jaggery|gur]].<ref name="Gazetteer 1903"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Unnao district}}

[[Category:Villages in Unnao district]]

Bihar, Unnao - Revision history

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