Bhuman - Revision history

Priya.Miahram: further correct page per sources and fixed typos to improve readability

2025-03-16T16:55:09Z

further correct page per sources and fixed typos to improve readability

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:25, 16 March 2025
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	{{~~Hindu-philo-stub~~}}		{{Short description\|Sanskrit word meaning fullness}}

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	[[Brahman]] has ''avyama'' ('unlimited extension in terms of space'); it is ''sarvagata'' ('omnipresent'), ''ananta'' ('infinite'); it is called ''Bhuman'' ('plenitude') and is ''nirvayava'' or ('without parts') and ''arupvad'' ('formless'), and eternal because it is ''aksara'' ('imperishable').<ref>{{cite book\|title=Perspectives on Vedanta\|author=Arvind Sharma\|year=1988\|publisher=Brill Archive\|page=114\|isbn=9004084290\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8gwVAAAAIAAJ&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA114}}</ref> [[Brahman]] is Bhuman, the plenitude which transcends the sum of its parts and yet fully inheres in them.<ref>{{cite book\|title=Indian Philosophy: An Introduction to Hindu and Buddhist Thought\|author=Richard King\|year=1999\|publisher=Edinburgh University Press\|page=222\|isbn=9780748609543\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uca8R72W8iQC&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA222}}</ref> The quality of being the Bhuman (plenitude) etc.; ascribed by the ''[[Śruti]]s'' agrees well with the highest Self, which is the cause of everything.<ref>{{cite book\|title=Sacred Books of The East – the Vedanta Sutras\|publisher=Atlantic Publishers\|page=168\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K4FXqaw5BoAC&q=Bhuman&pg=PA168}}</ref> Brahman resides in its entirety within the smallest particle imaginable and yet remains the ''ayatana'', the receptacle, or ''bhuman'', the totality which transcends the sum of these parts.<ref>{{cite book\|title=Early Advaita Vedanta and Buddhism\|author=Richard King\|date=January 1995\|publisher=SUNY Press\|page=83\|isbn=9780791425138\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p1bASTAOhjoC&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA83}}</ref>		[[Brahman]] has ''avyama'' ('unlimited extension in terms of space'); it is ''sarvagata'' ('omnipresent'), ''ananta'' ('infinite'); it is called ''Bhuman'' ('plenitude') and is ''nirvayava'' or ('without parts') and ''arupvad'' ('formless'), and eternal because it is ''aksara'' ('imperishable').<ref>{{cite book\|title=Perspectives on Vedanta\|author=Arvind Sharma\|year=1988\|publisher=Brill Archive\|page=114\|isbn=9004084290\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8gwVAAAAIAAJ&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA114}}</ref> [[Brahman]] is Bhuman, the plenitude which transcends the sum of its parts and yet fully inheres in them.<ref>{{cite book\|title=Indian Philosophy: An Introduction to Hindu and Buddhist Thought\|author=Richard King\|year=1999\|publisher=Edinburgh University Press\|page=222\|isbn=9780748609543\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uca8R72W8iQC&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA222}}</ref> The quality of being the Bhuman (plenitude) etc.; ascribed by the ''[[Śruti]]s'' agrees well with the highest Self, which is the cause of everything.<ref>{{cite book\|title=Sacred Books of The East – the Vedanta Sutras\|publisher=Atlantic Publishers\|page=168\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K4FXqaw5BoAC&q=Bhuman&pg=PA168}}</ref> Brahman resides in its entirety within the smallest particle imaginable and yet remains the ''ayatana'', the receptacle, or ''bhuman'', the totality which transcends the sum of these parts.<ref>{{cite book\|title=Early Advaita Vedanta and Buddhism\|author=Richard King\|date=January 1995\|publisher=SUNY Press\|page=83\|isbn=9780791425138\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p1bASTAOhjoC&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA83}}</ref>

	Bhuman is not the human soul, the companion of [[Prana]]; Bhuman is [[Ānanda (Hindu philosophy)\|Ānanda]] (Bliss), immense joy. ''Samprasada'' also refers to the released soul.<ref>{{cite book\|title=The Sacred Books of the Hindus, Vol.5 Part1\|author=Baman Das Basu\|year=2007\|publisher=Genesis Publishing\|page=115\|isbn=9788130705163\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TD2TmogOfdYC&q=Bhuman&pg=PA115}}</ref> The consideration of happiness induces and impels man to perform actions, had he experienced unhappiness in his pursuit he would not have gone in for the actions at all; but real happiness is that which one enjoys in the vision of the Infinite.<ref>{{cite book\|title=A Constructive Survey of Upanishadic Philosophy\|author=R.D.Ranade\|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan\|page=223\|url=https://archive.org/stream/A.Constructive.Survey.of.Upanishadic.Philosophy.by.R.D.Ranade.1926.djvu/A.Constructive.Survey.of.Upanishadic.Philosophy.by.R.D.Ranade.1926_djvu.txt }}</ref> The Doctrine of Ananda (Bliss) is central to the philosophy of [[Vedanta]]. Ananda conveys a sense of infinite, eternal, absolute happiness and not selfish pleasure which is transitory gratification but a state of absolute expansion called Bhuman.<ref>{{cite book\|title=Srikantha's Philosophy of the Monotheistic Vedanta\|author=Ruma Chaudhury\|year=2004\|publisher=Global Vision Publishing\|page=392\|isbn=9788182200555\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IvwyXwxelxIC&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA392}}</ref> Bhuman is illimitation. Ananda, the supreme pleasure, is in illimitation and not in the limited (''alpa'').<ref>{{cite book\|title=Encyclopaedia of Vedanta Philosophy\|author=Subodh Kapoor\|date=July 2002\|publisher=Genesis Publishing\|page=708\|isbn=9788177552928\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3odc7SK8pfEC&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA708}}</ref>		Bhuman is not the human soul, the companion of [[Prana]]; Bhuman is [[Ānanda (Hindu philosophy)\|Ānanda]] (Bliss), immense joy. ''Samprasada'' also refers to the released soul.<ref>{{cite book\|title=The Sacred Books of the Hindus, Vol.5 Part1\|author=Baman Das Basu\|year=2007\|publisher=Genesis Publishing\|page=115\|isbn=9788130705163\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TD2TmogOfdYC&q=Bhuman&pg=PA115}}</ref> The consideration of happiness induces and impels man to perform actions, had he experienced unhappiness in his pursuit he would not have gone in for the actions at all; but real happiness is that which one enjoys in the vision of the Infinite.<ref>{{cite book\|title=A Constructive Survey of Upanishadic Philosophy\|author=R.D.Ranade\|year=1926\|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan\|page=223\|url=https://archive.org/stream/A.Constructive.Survey.of.Upanishadic.Philosophy.by.R.D.Ranade.1926.djvu/A.Constructive.Survey.of.Upanishadic.Philosophy.by.R.D.Ranade.1926_djvu.txt }}</ref> The Doctrine of Ananda (Bliss) is central to the philosophy of [[Vedanta]]. Ananda conveys a sense of infinite, eternal, absolute happiness and not selfish pleasure which is transitory gratification but a state of absolute expansion called Bhuman.<ref>{{cite book\|title=Srikantha's Philosophy of the Monotheistic Vedanta\|author=Ruma Chaudhury\|year=2004\|publisher=Global Vision Publishing\|page=392\|isbn=9788182200555\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IvwyXwxelxIC&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA392}}</ref> Bhuman is illimitation. Ananda, the supreme pleasure, is in illimitation and not in the limited (''alpa'').<ref>{{cite book\|title=Encyclopaedia of Vedanta Philosophy\|author=Subodh Kapoor\|date=July 2002\|publisher=Genesis Publishing\|page=708\|isbn=9788177552928\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3odc7SK8pfEC&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA708}}</ref>

	:यो वै भूमा तत्सुखं, नाल्पे सुखमस्ति Bhuman is that happiness.<ref>[[Chandogya Upanishad]] VII.xxii-xxv</ref>		:यो वै भूमा तत्सुखं, नाल्पे सुखमस्ति Bhuman is that happiness.<ref>[[Chandogya Upanishad]] VII.xxii-xxv</ref>
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	{{Indian philosophy\|state=collapsed}}		{{Indian philosophy\|state=collapsed}}

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	[[Category:Hindu philosophical concepts]]		[[Category:Hindu philosophical concepts]]
	[[Category:Vedanta]]		[[Category:Vedanta]]
	[[Category:Sanskrit words and phrases]]		[[Category:Sanskrit words and phrases]]

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{{Hindu-philo-stub}}

{{Hinduism}}
{{Hindu philosophy}}
'''Bhuman''' ([[Sanskrit language|Sanskrit]]:भूमन) means fullness or abundance;<ref>{{cite book|title=The Body Divine|author=Anne Hunt Overzee|year=1992|publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=157|isbn=9780521385169|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YywriB9JVWcC&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA157}}</ref> It is a synonym of [[Brahman]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Language and Release:Sarvajnatman's Pancaprakriya|author=Sarvajnatman|year=1985|publisher=Motilal Banarsi Dass|page=93|isbn=9788120800045|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=684DCRytbasC&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA93}}</ref> The word, ''Bhuman'', is derived from the word, ''Bahu'', meaning much or many, with the suffix – ''imam'', added after it by dropping – ''i'', to impart the sense of the abstract noun.<ref>{{cite book|title=Brahma Sutra Bhasya of Sankaracarya|author=Swami Gambhirananda|year=1965|publisher=Advaita Ashrama|page=167|isbn=8175051051}}</ref> This word refers directly to the Supreme Self who is superior to ''[[Prana]]'' though ''Prana'' is ''Bhuman'' because of proximity where the vow of ''Prana'', consisting in transcending all other thing is alluded to.<ref>{{cite book|title=Brahma Sutra Bhasya of Sankaracarya|author=Swami Gambhirananda|year=1965|publisher=Advaita Ashrama|page=167|isbn=8175051051}}</ref>

[[Brahman]] has ''avyama'' ('unlimited extension in terms of space'); it is ''sarvagata'' ('omnipresent'), ''ananta'' ('infinite'); it is called ''Bhuman'' ('plenitude') and is ''nirvayava'' or ('without parts') and ''arupvad'' ('formless'), and eternal because it is ''aksara'' ('imperishable').<ref>{{cite book|title=Perspectives on Vedanta|author=Arvind Sharma|year=1988|publisher=Brill Archive|page=114|isbn=9004084290|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8gwVAAAAIAAJ&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA114}}</ref> [[Brahman]] is Bhuman, the plenitude which transcends the sum of its parts and yet fully inheres in them.<ref>{{cite book|title=Indian Philosophy: An Introduction to Hindu and Buddhist Thought|author=Richard King|year=1999|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|page=222|isbn=9780748609543|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uca8R72W8iQC&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA222}}</ref> The quality of being the Bhuman (plenitude) etc.; ascribed by the ''[[Śruti]]s'' agrees well with the highest Self, which is the cause of everything.<ref>{{cite book|title=Sacred Books of The East – the Vedanta Sutras|publisher=Atlantic Publishers|page=168|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=K4FXqaw5BoAC&q=Bhuman&pg=PA168}}</ref> Brahman resides in its entirety within the smallest particle imaginable and yet remains the ''ayatana'', the receptacle, or ''bhuman'', the totality which transcends the sum of these parts.<ref>{{cite book|title=Early Advaita Vedanta and Buddhism|author=Richard King|date=January 1995|publisher=SUNY Press|page=83|isbn=9780791425138|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p1bASTAOhjoC&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA83}}</ref>

Bhuman is not the human soul, the companion of [[Prana]]; Bhuman is [[Ānanda (Hindu philosophy)|Ānanda]] (Bliss), immense joy. ''Samprasada'' also refers to the released soul.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Sacred Books of the Hindus, Vol.5 Part1|author=Baman Das Basu|year=2007|publisher=Genesis Publishing|page=115|isbn=9788130705163|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TD2TmogOfdYC&q=Bhuman&pg=PA115}}</ref> The consideration of happiness induces and impels man to perform actions, had he experienced unhappiness in his pursuit he would not have gone in for the actions at all; but real happiness is that which one enjoys in the vision of the Infinite.<ref>{{cite book|title=A Constructive Survey of Upanishadic Philosophy|author=R.D.Ranade|publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan|page=223|url=https://archive.org/stream/A.Constructive.Survey.of.Upanishadic.Philosophy.by.R.D.Ranade.1926.djvu/A.Constructive.Survey.of.Upanishadic.Philosophy.by.R.D.Ranade.1926_djvu.txt }}</ref> The Doctrine of Ananda (Bliss) is central to the philosophy of [[Vedanta]]. Ananda conveys a sense of infinite, eternal, absolute happiness and not selfish pleasure which is transitory gratification but a state of absolute expansion called Bhuman.<ref>{{cite book|title=Srikantha's Philosophy of the Monotheistic Vedanta|author=Ruma Chaudhury|year=2004|publisher=Global Vision Publishing|page=392|isbn=9788182200555|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IvwyXwxelxIC&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA392}}</ref> Bhuman is illimitation. Ananda, the supreme pleasure, is in illimitation and not in the limited (''alpa'').<ref>{{cite book|title=Encyclopaedia of Vedanta Philosophy|author=Subodh Kapoor|date=July 2002|publisher=Genesis Publishing|page=708|isbn=9788177552928|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3odc7SK8pfEC&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA708}}</ref>

:यो वै भूमा तत्सुखं, नाल्पे सुखमस्ति Bhuman is that happiness.<ref>[[Chandogya Upanishad]] VII.xxii-xxv</ref>

Brahman is the Absolute to be distinguished from [[Prajapati]] and from Prana, the Vital force, directly identified with life (''ayuh'') and consciousness (''Prajna'').<ref>{{cite book|title=The Method of the Vedanta: A Critical Account of the Advaita Traditions|author=Swami Satchidanandendra|year=1997|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|page=29|isbn=9788120813588|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZMkbWhjE2M4C&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA30}}</ref> [[Badarayana]] declares -
:भूमा सम्प्रसादादध्युपदेशात् | ([[Brahma Sutra]] I.iii.8)
:"Bhuman is the supreme Self, since he is taught as superior to ''samprasada'' (''Prana'')".
[[Pāṇini|Panini]] explains that the word, Bhuman, is derived from the word ''Bahu'' meaning much; many, with the suffix ''imam'' added after it by dropping – ''i'' to impart the sense of the abstract noun. [[Adi Sankara]] in his ''Bhasya'' states that this word is introduced without discarding [[Prana]] to mean Prana is Brahman. But, here the instruction is that Bhuman is superior to Prana therefore Prana cannot be Brahman because from Brahman proceeds Prana ([[Chandogya Upanishad]] VII.xxvi.1).<ref>{{cite book|title=Brahma Sutra Bhasya of Sankaracarya|author=Swami Gambhirananda|year=1965|publisher=Advaita Ashrama|page=167|isbn=8175051051}}</ref> According to [[Madhvacharya|Madhava]], Bhuman is that which is beyond all and not merely beyond Prana alone; if it is something subsequent to Prana it cannot be Brahman.<ref>{{cite book|title=History of the Dvaita School of Vedanta and its Literature|author=B.N.Krishnamurti Sharma|year=2000|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|page=303|isbn=9788120815759|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FVtpFMPMulcC&q=Bhuman+vedanta&pg=PA304}}</ref>

==References==

{{Reflist}}

{{Indian philosophy|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Hindu philosophical concepts]]
[[Category:Vedanta]]
[[Category:Sanskrit words and phrases]]