Bengal Sultanate–Delhi Sultanate War - Revision history

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← Older revision		Revision as of 20:29, 28 September 2021
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	{{Use Indian English\|date=December 2018}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=December 2018}}
	{{Infobox military conflict		{{Infobox military conflict
	\| conflict = ~~Bengal Sultanate–Delhi Sultanate~~ War		\| conflict = First Ekdala War
	\| image =		\| image =
	\| image_size =		\| image_size =
	\| caption =		\| caption =
	\| date = 1353-1359		\| date = 1353-1359
	\| place = ~~Eastern Indian subcontinent (now~~ [[~~Bangladesh]] and [[India]]n state of [[West~~ Bengal]])		\| place = Ekdala, [[Bengal]]
	\| territory =		\| territory =
	\| result = Bengal Sultanate victory		\| result = Bengal Sultanate victory
	* Withdrawal by the Delhi Sultanate		* Withdrawal by the Delhi Sultanate
	* Delhi ~~recognizes~~ sovereignty of the [[Sultan of Bengal]]		* Delhi recognises sovereignty of the [[Sultan of Bengal]]
	* Bengal pays tributes to Delhi between 1353-1359		\| combatant1 = [[File:Bengal Sultanate Flag.gif\|23x23px]] [[Bengal Sultanate]]
	\| combatant1 = [[File:Bengal Sultanate Flag.gif\|23x23px]][[Bengal Sultanate]]~~<br>~~ [[~~Velanati Chodas~~]]		\| combatant2 = [[File:Delhi Sultanate Flag.svg\|23x23px]] [[Delhi Sultanate]]
	~~\| combatant2 =~~ [[Delhi Sultanate]]		\| commander1 = '''[[Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah]] <br> [[Sikandar Shah]]'''
	\| commander1 = [[Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah]]<br> [[Sikandar Shah]]		\| commander2 = '''[[Firuz Shah Tughluq]]'''
	\| commander2 = [[Firuz Shah Tughluq]]		*Malik Dīlān Mīrshikār
	\| strength1 =		*Malik Ḥusām ad-Dīn Nawā
	\| strength2 =		*Tātār Khān
	\| casualties1 =		\| strength1 = 200,000 infantry<br/>10,000 horses<br/>51 elephants
	\| casualties2 =		\| strength2 = 60,000 infantry<br/>30,000 horses<br/> Elephants
			\| casualties1 = 180,000 people
			\| casualties2 = Unknown
	\| notes =		\| notes =
	\| casus =		\| casus =
	\| mage2 =		\| mage2 =
	}}		}}{{Bengal Sultanate}}
	The '''~~Bengal Sultanate–Delhi Sultanate~~ War''' was a conflict between the [[Bengal Sultanate]] and the [[Delhi Sultanate]] in the [[~~Indian subcontinent~~]]. The war resulted in Delhi ~~recognizing~~ the ~~separation~~ of Bengal ~~from its authority~~.		The '''Ekdala War''' ({{lang-bn\|একডালার যুদ্ধ\|Ekḍalar Juddhô}}) was a long-lasting conflict between the [[Bengal Sultanate]] and the [[Delhi Sultanate]] which took place in the islets of Ekdala in [[Bengal]]. The war resulted in Delhi eventually recognising the independence of Bengal.

	==Background==		==Background==
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	==Location==		==Location==
	The conflict centered on the mud fort of Ekdala. The fort was located on an island surrounded by a [[moat]] and marshy jungle. The exact location of the area is unclear; with various sources saying it may have been in [[Dinajpur]], [[Dhaka]] or [[Pandua, Malda\|Pandua]].<ref>~~http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title~~=Ekdala</ref>		The conflict centered on the mud fort of Ekdala. The fort was located on an island surrounded by a [[moat]] and marshy jungle. The exact location of the area is unclear; with various sources saying it may have been in [[Dinajpur]], [[Dhaka]] or [[Pandua, Malda\|Pandua]].<ref>{{cite Banglapedia\|article=Ekdala\|author=Ahmed, ABM Shamsuddin}}</ref>

	==~~Siege of~~ Ekdala ~~(1353)~~==		==First Ekdala War==
	[[Firuz Shah Tughluq]], the ~~Delhi sultan~~, ~~led his army~~ and [[~~navy~~]] ~~into Bengal in 1353~~. Ilyas Shah~~'s forces~~ deserted ~~the~~ capital [[~~Gauḍa (city)~~\|~~Lakhnauti~~]] and took shelter in the Ekdala ~~fort~~. The Delhi army then besieged the fort, but was deterred by its island's location and the Bengal navy~~. The Delhi army occupied Lakhnauti and issued a proclamation asking locals to pledge allegiance to Delhi~~. According to erstwhile Delhi accounts, the ~~Bengal and Delhi~~ forces engaged in a battle after the Delhi Sultan tricked Ilyas Shah into attacking Delhi forces, who pretended to withdraw. The ~~conflict was settled after Bengal agreed~~ to ~~pay an annual tribute~~ to Delhi, ~~according~~ to erstwhile Delhi accounts. ~~[[R. C~~. ~~Majumdar]], a leading modern Indian historian, believed that~~ the ~~exchange of gifts between~~ Delhi and ~~Bengal indicated each other's sovereignty~~.<ref name=~~"Sengupta2011"~~>{{cite book\|author=~~Nitish K. Sengupta~~\|~~title=Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahabharata to Mujib~~\|url=https://~~books~~.~~google~~.~~com~~/~~books~~?~~id=kVSh_TyJ0YoC&pg=PA71\|year~~=~~2011~~\|publisher=~~Penguin Books India~~\|~~isbn=978-0-14-341678-4\|page~~=72}}</ref>		In 1353, the Sultan of Delhi [[Firuz Shah Tughluq]] led 70,000 of his men into Bengal. They rested at the banks of the [[Kosi River]] which was difficult to cross, and they could also see some of Ilyas Shah's forces posted on the other side near the [[Ganges River\|Ganges Junction]]. When news of this reached Ilyas Shah, he deserted his capital at [[Hazrat Pandua\|Pandua]] and took shelter in the Fort of Ekdala. The Delhi army then besieged the fort, but was deterred by its island's location and the Bengal navy. According to erstwhile Delhi accounts, the two forces engaged in a battle after the Delhi Sultan tricked Ilyas Shah into attacking Delhi forces, who had pretended to withdraw. The Delhi army occupied Lakhnauti and issued a proclamation asking locals to pledge allegiance to Delhi. With the Bengal army scattered across, Ilyas Shah had fled with seven horsemen as three of his elephants were killed and 48 captured. According to erstwhile Delhi accounts, Firuz Shah Tughlaq's forces were victorious but did not annex the territory upon the wish of their Sultan, who had learnt from historic incidents with rebellious governors. The Sultan of Delhi also renamed Ekdala to Azadpur (akin to Freetown) and Pandua to Firozabad (after himself). After the forces had set off for Delhi following the victory, Ilyas Shah entered Ekdala and executed the governor put in charge.<ref name=tarikh>{{cite book\|title=Tarikh-i Firoz Shahi Of Shams-i Siraj Afif\|author=[[Henry Miers Elliot\|Elliot, Henry]]\|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.116023/page/n45/mode/2up?q=shamsu\|publisher=Gupta, Susil\|year=1953}}</ref> Other sources claim that the conflict was settled after Bengal agreed to pay an annual tribute to Delhi, and that the exchange of gifts between Delhi and Bengal indicated each other's sovereignty.<ref name="Sengupta2011"/>

	==Siege of Ekdala (1359)==		==Siege of Ekdala (1359)==
	Firuz Shah Tughluq again invaded Bengal in 1359 when Ilyas Shah's successor [[Sikandar Shah]] took the throne. Tughluq felt Sikandar Shah had violated the terms of the treaty reached with his father. Tughluq sought to place the son-in-law of one of Ilyas Shah's rivals as the sultan of Bengal. During the invasion, Sikandar Shah based himself in Ekdala fort like his father.		Firuz Shah Tughluq again invaded Bengal in 1359 when Ilyas Shah's successor [[Sikandar Shah]] took the throne. Tughluq felt Sikandar Shah had violated the terms of the treaty reached with his father. Tughluq sought to place the son-in-law of one of Ilyas Shah's rivals as the sultan of Bengal. During the invasion, Sikandar Shah based himself in Ekdala fort like his father.

	The Delhi army besieged the island fort for months. After growing exhausted of Bengal's climate, the Delhi Sultan reached a peace treaty with Sikandar Shah.<ref name="ChakrabartiChakrabarti2013">{{cite book\|author1=Kunal Chakrabarti\|author2=Shubhra Chakrabarti\|title=Historical Dictionary of the Bengalis\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QVOFAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA12\|date=22 August 2013\|publisher=Scarecrow Press\|isbn=978-0-8108-8024-5\|page=12}}</ref> Delhi recognized Sikandar as an independent ruler. The peace treaty ensured Bengal's independence for two centuries.<ref>{{cite book\|author=Nitish K. Sengupta\|title=Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahabharata to Mujib\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kVSh_TyJ0YoC&pg=PA71\|year=2011\|publisher=Penguin Books India\|isbn=978-0-14-341678-4\|page=73}}</ref>		The Delhi army besieged the island fort for months. After growing exhausted of Bengal's climate, the Delhi Sultan reached a peace treaty with Sikandar Shah.<ref name="ChakrabartiChakrabarti2013">{{cite book\|author1=Kunal Chakrabarti\|author2=Shubhra Chakrabarti\|title=Historical Dictionary of the Bengalis\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QVOFAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA12\|date=22 August 2013\|publisher=Scarecrow Press\|isbn=978-0-8108-8024-5\|page=12}}</ref> Delhi recognized Sikandar as an independent ruler. The peace treaty ensured Bengal's independence for two centuries.<ref name="Sengupta2011">{{cite book\|author=Nitish K. Sengupta\|title=Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahabharata to Mujib\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kVSh_TyJ0YoC&pg=PA71\|year=2011\|publisher=Penguin Books India\|isbn=978-0-14-341678-4\|page=73}}</ref>

	==References==		==References==

>Royal Abhishek: /* Siege of Ekdala (1359) */ The portion I have deleted says Rajendra Chola II helped Sikandar Shah. but it is impossible since Rajendra Chola II died in c. 1063 ce. The source cited here also does not confirm the claim.

2020-01-02T11:19:36Z

Siege of Ekdala (1359): The portion I have deleted says Rajendra Chola II helped Sikandar Shah. but it is impossible since Rajendra Chola II died in c. 1063 ce. The source cited here also does not confirm the claim.

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Bengal Sultanate–Delhi Sultanate War
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| date = 1353-1359
| place = Eastern Indian subcontinent (now [[Bangladesh]] and [[India]]n state of [[West Bengal]])
| territory =
| result = Bengal Sultanate victory
* Withdrawal by the Delhi Sultanate
* Delhi recognizes sovereignty of the [[Sultan of Bengal]]
* Bengal pays tributes to Delhi between 1353-1359
| combatant1 = [[File:Bengal Sultanate Flag.gif|23x23px]][[Bengal Sultanate]]<br> [[Velanati Chodas]]
| combatant2 = [[Delhi Sultanate]]
| commander1 = [[Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah]]<br> [[Sikandar Shah]]
| commander2 = [[Firuz Shah Tughluq]]
| strength1 =
| strength2 =
| casualties1 =
| casualties2 =
| notes =
| casus =
| mage2 =
}}
The '''Bengal Sultanate–Delhi Sultanate War''' was a conflict between the [[Bengal Sultanate]] and the [[Delhi Sultanate]] in the [[Indian subcontinent]]. The war resulted in Delhi recognizing the separation of Bengal from its authority.

==Background==
In the early 14th century, Delhi's rebel governors in Bengal formed their own sultanates. By 1352, [[Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah]] defeated other rulers in Bengal and united the region into one sultanate. Ilyas Shah proclaimed himself as the [[Sultan]] of Bengal. Ilyas Shah's earlier military campaigns also involved the sacking of [[Kathmandu]] and [[Varanasi]]; and an invasion of [[Odisha|Orissa]].

==Location==
The conflict centered on the mud fort of Ekdala. The fort was located on an island surrounded by a [[moat]] and marshy jungle. The exact location of the area is unclear; with various sources saying it may have been in [[Dinajpur]], [[Dhaka]] or [[Pandua, Malda|Pandua]].<ref>http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Ekdala</ref>

==Siege of Ekdala (1353)==
[[Firuz Shah Tughluq]], the Delhi sultan, led his army and [[navy]] into Bengal in 1353. Ilyas Shah's forces deserted the capital [[Gauḍa (city)|Lakhnauti]] and took shelter in the Ekdala fort. The Delhi army then besieged the fort, but was deterred by its island's location and the Bengal navy. The Delhi army occupied Lakhnauti and issued a proclamation asking locals to pledge allegiance to Delhi. According to erstwhile Delhi accounts, the Bengal and Delhi forces engaged in a battle after the Delhi Sultan tricked Ilyas Shah into attacking Delhi forces, who pretended to withdraw. The conflict was settled after Bengal agreed to pay an annual tribute to Delhi, according to erstwhile Delhi accounts. [[R. C. Majumdar]], a leading modern Indian historian, believed that the exchange of gifts between Delhi and Bengal indicated each other's sovereignty.<ref name="Sengupta2011">{{cite book|author=Nitish K. Sengupta|title=Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahabharata to Mujib|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kVSh_TyJ0YoC&pg=PA71|year=2011|publisher=Penguin Books India|isbn=978-0-14-341678-4|page=72}}</ref>

==Siege of Ekdala (1359)==
Firuz Shah Tughluq again invaded Bengal in 1359 when Ilyas Shah's successor [[Sikandar Shah]] took the throne. Tughluq felt Sikandar Shah had violated the terms of the treaty reached with his father. Tughluq sought to place the son-in-law of one of Ilyas Shah's rivals as the sultan of Bengal. During the invasion, Sikandar Shah based himself in Ekdala fort like his father.

The Delhi army besieged the island fort for months. After growing exhausted of Bengal's climate, the Delhi Sultan reached a peace treaty with Sikandar Shah.<ref name="ChakrabartiChakrabarti2013">{{cite book|author1=Kunal Chakrabarti|author2=Shubhra Chakrabarti|title=Historical Dictionary of the Bengalis|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QVOFAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA12|date=22 August 2013|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-8024-5|page=12}}</ref> Delhi recognized Sikandar as an independent ruler. The peace treaty ensured Bengal's independence for two centuries.<ref>{{cite book|author=Nitish K. Sengupta|title=Land of Two Rivers: A History of Bengal from the Mahabharata to Mujib|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kVSh_TyJ0YoC&pg=PA71|year=2011|publisher=Penguin Books India|isbn=978-0-14-341678-4|page=73}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bengal Sultanate-Delhi Sultanate War}}
[[Category:Military history of the Bengal Sultanate]]
[[Category:Delhi Sultanate]]