Lucillecrale: adding first stub w/ infobox

2026-01-15T15:26:41Z

adding first stub w/ infobox

New page

{{Short description|Sikh Interwarfare}}

{{infobox military conflict
| conflict = Battle of Jammu
| partof = [[Sikh Interwarfare]]
| image =
| caption =
| date = 1774
| place = [[Jammu]], [[India]]
| coordinates =
| map_type =
| latitude =
| longitude =
| map_size =
| map_caption =
| map_label =
| territory = Jammu becomes tributary of [[Kanhaiya Misl]]
| result = Braj Dev-Kanhaiya-Sukerchakia victory
| status =
| combatant1 = [[File:Dogra Flag of Jammu and Kashmir.jpg|Dogra Flag of Jammu and Kashmir|23px]] [[Raja Braj Dev|Braj Dev]] Faction [[File:Kattar Dhal Talwar.jpg|23px]] [[Kanhaiya Misl]] [[File:Kattar Dhal Talwar.jpg|23px]] [[Sukerchakia Misl]]
| combatant2 = [[File:Dogra Flag of Jammu and Kashmir.jpg|Dogra Flag of Jammu and Kashmir|23px]] [[Ranjit Dev|Ranjit Dev faction]] [[File:Kattar Dhal Talwar.jpg|23px]] [[Bhangi Misl]] [[File:Drapeau Chamba.png|23px]] [[Chamba State|Chamba]] [[File:Flag_of_Kangra_state.png|23px]] [[Kangra State|Kangra]]
| commander1 = [[File:Dogra Flag of Jammu and Kashmir.jpg|Dogra Flag of Jammu and Kashmir|23px]] [[Raja Braj Dev|Braj Dev]] [[File:Kattar Dhal Talwar.jpg|23px]] [[Jai Singh Kanhaiya]] [[File:Kattar Dhal Talwar.jpg|23px]] [[Charat Singh]]{{KIA}}
| commander2 = [[File:Dogra Flag of Jammu and Kashmir.jpg|Dogra Flag of Jammu and Kashmir|23px]] Raja [[Ranjit Dev]] [[File:Kattar Dhal Talwar.jpg|23px]] [[Jhanda Singh Dhillon|Jhanda Singh Bhangi]]{{Assassinated}} [[File:Kattar Dhal Talwar.jpg|23px]] [[Ganda Singh Dhillon|Ganda Singh Bhangi]]
| strength1 =
| strength2 =
| strength3 =
| casualties1 =
| casualties2 =
| casualties3 =
| notes =
}}

The '''Battle of Jammu''' was fought in 1774 between Raja Ranjit Deo of [[Jammu]], supported by Jhanda Singh Bhangi of the Bhangi Misl, and Brij Raj Deo, who was allied with [[Charat Singh Sukerchakia]] of the Sukerchakia Misl and [[Jai Singh Kanhaiya]] of the [[Kanhaiya Misl]]. The conflict arose from a succession dispute between Ranjit Deo and his eldest son, Brij Raj Deo.{{sfn|Gupta|1939|p=34|ref=HariRamGupta1939}} It took place in the [[Jammu region]], part of the northern territories of the [[Indian subcontinent]].{{sfn|Gupta|1939|p=34|ref=HariRamGupta1939}}

==Background==
[[File:Painting of Raja Ranjit Dev of Jammu State smoking a hookah, ca.1775–1800.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Raja Ranjit Dev of Jammu]]
In the year 1774, a [[War of succession|succession dispute]] arose between Raja Ranjit Deo of Jammu, vassal of Jhanda Singh Bhangi and his eldest son, Brij Raj Deo.{{sfn|Hutchison|1994|p=89|ref=JohnHutchison1994}} Frustrated by his father for declaring the younger son Dalel Singh as his successor, Brij Raj Deo began a rebellion for enforcing his rights.{{sfn|Gupta|1939|p=34|ref=HariRamGupta1939}}{{sfn|Hutchison|1994|p=89|ref=JohnHutchison1994}}{{sfn|Singh|2010|p=99|ref=DalbirSingh2010}} The claimant, [[Raja Braj Dev|Brij Raj Dev]], on his part, sought aid from [[Charat Singh Sukerchakia]] and [[Jai Singh Kanhaiya]] to support his claim.{{sfn|Hutchison|1994|p=89|ref=JohnHutchison1994}}

Ranjit Deo, being too weak to resist the united forces of Charat Singh Sukerchakia and Jai Singh Kanhaiya separately, appealed for military aid from his suzerain, [[Jhanda Singh Dhillon|Jhanda Singh Bhangi]].{{sfn|Hutchison|1994|p=89|ref=JohnHutchison1994}} Anticipating the arrival of such reinforcements, the forces of Jai Singh Kanahiya and Charat Singh Sukerchakia advanced and encamped on the bank of the Basantar River, close to the boundary of the Jammu territory with the [[Sialkot District]].{{sfn|Singh|2010|p=99|ref=DalbirSingh2010}}
[[File:Painting of Raja Braj Dev of Jammu State with his rani and their baby son Sampuran Dev, Jammu, ca.1787.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Raja Braj Dev of Jammu]]
Ranjit Deo, meanwhile, got his army organized with the help of staunchly allied chiefs from [[Chamba, Himachal Pradesh|Chamba]], [[Kangra, Himachal Pradesh|Kangra]], [[Nurpur, Himachal Pradesh|Nurpur]] and Basoli, in alliance with the troops provided by Jhanda Singh Bhangi to challenge the combine.{{sfn|Singh|2010|p=99|ref=DalbirSingh2010}}

==Battle==
The skirmishes between the two opposing forces developed into a full-scale battle at Dasuha, near the town of Zafarwal. The battle continued for 23 days without either side gaining a conclusive advantage.{{sfn|Singh|2010|p=99|ref=DalbirSingh2010}} On the twenty-third day, Charat Singh Sukerchakia was killed accidentally when his own gun backfired, causing the fatal injury to his forehead.{{sfn|Singh|2010|p=99|ref=DalbirSingh2010}}{{sfn| Siṅgha |1993|p=153|ref= BhagataSiṅgha1993}}{{sfn|Gupta|1999|p=215}}

The death of Charat Singh was a great loss for the allies, and therefore, their strength to resist the strong forces of Jhanda Singh Bhangi was weakened. Jai Singh Kanhaiya, knowing that the son of Charat Singh, [[Maha Singh]], was too young to challenge Jhanda Singh therefore decided that their safety lay in the death of the Bhangi Sardar. To ward off the threat from Jhanda Singh, Jai Singh is said to have plotted a conspiracy to have him killed.{{sfn|Gupta|1999|p=215}} A [[Mazhabi]] Sikh in the service of Jhanda Singh was bribed, it is said, to do the deed, and Jhanda Singh was shot dead from behind while walking alone in his camp.{{sfn|Gupta|1999|p=215}}{{sfn|Gandhi|1999|p=459|ref= SurjitSinghGandhi1999}}
==Aftermath==
Following the death of Jhanda Singh, his younger brother, [[Ganda Singh Dhillon|Ganda Singh]], who was present in the camp, was deeply affected. Demoralized by the loss, Ganda Singh chose to withdraw from Jammu, bringing the conflict to an end.{{sfn|Gupta|1999|p=215}} By realizing the growing power of [[Jai Singh Kanhaiya]], Raja Ranjit Deo made an agreement with his son Brij Raj Deo and allowed paying an annual tribute amount of 125,000 rupees.{{sfn|Gandhi|1999|p=459|ref= SurjitSinghGandhi1999}} Jai Singh Kanahiya, satisfied with the settlement, set out to consolidate the power of the [[Kanhaiya Misl]].{{sfn|Gandhi|1999|p=459|ref= SurjitSinghGandhi1999}}

Before quitting Jammu, the young [[Maha Singh]] made a gesture of diplomacy by exchanging turbans with Brij Raj Deo. The ceremony was considered a token of lifelong brotherhood, an act that Mahan Singh later exploited to further his own strategic purposes.{{sfn|Gupta|1939|p=34|ref=HariRamGupta1939}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}
===Works cited===
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Siṅgha |first=Bhagata |date=1993 |publisher=Publication Bureau, [[Punjabi University]] |location=Punjab (India) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BihuAAAAMAAJ |title=A History of the Sikh Misals |ref=BhagataSiṅgha1993}}
* {{cite book |last=Gupta |first=Hari Ram |date=1999 |publisher=[[Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers]] |isbn=9788121501651 |edition=3, illustrated |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S1wwAQAAIAAJ&q=Jammu+Jhanda |title=History Of The Sikhs: The Sikh Commonwealth Or Rise And Fall Of Sikh Misls, Vol. Iv}}
* {{cite book |last=Gandhi |first=Surjit Singh |date=1999 |publisher=Singh Bros |isbn=9788172052171 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MiluAAAAMAAJ |title=Sikhs in the Eighteenth Century: Their Struggle for Survival and Supremacy |ref=SurjitSinghGandhi1999}}
* {{cite book |last=Gupta |first=Hari Ram |date=1939 |publisher=S.N. Sarkar |location=Punjab |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zZtS42Jxi9MC |title=History of the Sikhs: Trans-Sutlej Sikhs, 1769-1799 |ref=HariRamGupta1939}}
* {{cite book |last=Singh |first=Dalbir |date=2010 |url=https://archive.org/details/RiseGrowthAndFallOfTheBhangiMisal/page/n139/mode/2up |title=Rise, Growth And Fall Of Bhangi Misal |ref=DalbirSingh2010}}
* {{cite book |last=Hutchison |first=John |date=1994 |publisher=Asian Educational Services |isbn=9788120609426 |edition=reprint |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3btDw4S2FmYC&q=History+of+the+Panjab+Hill+States,+Volume+1 |title=History of the Panjab Hill States, Volume 1 |ref=JohnHutchison1994}}
{{refend}}

[[Category:Conflicts in 1774]]
[[Category:Wars involving the Sikhs]]

Battle of Jammu (1774) - Revision history

Lucillecrale: adding first stub w/ infobox