EdmundWyrick821: general adjust intro based on references to improve readability

2023-11-02T23:13:15Z

general adjust intro based on references to improve readability

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-{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
+#REDIRECT [[Siege of Jalalabad (1710)]]
-{{Infobox Military Conflict
-|conflict     = Battle of Jalalabad
+{{Redirect category shell|
-|partof       = [[Mughal-Sikh Wars]]
+{{R from move}}
 }}

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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Infobox Military Conflict
|conflict = Battle of Jalalabad
|partof = [[Mughal-Sikh Wars]]
|image =
|caption =
|date = 1710
|place = [[Jalalabad, Muzaffarnagar]]
|territory =
|result = Sikh victory, but siege ineffective<ref name="jalalabad">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dh6jydKXikoC|title=Dictionary of Battles and Sieges|page=484|author= Jacques, Tony|year=2007|publisher=Greenwood Press|isbn=978-0-313-33536-5}}</ref>
|combatant1 = [[File:Punjab flag.svg|25px]] [[Khalsa]]
|combatant2 =[[File:Alam of the Mughal Empire.svg|25px]] [[Mughal Empire]]
|commander1 =[[Banda Singh Bahadur ]]
|commander2 = Jalal Khan
}}
{{Campaignbox Mughal-Sikh Wars}}

The '''Battle of Jalalabad''' occurred in 1710 between the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] forces of [[Jalal Khan]] and the [[Khalsa|Sikh]] forces of [[Banda Singh Bahadur]]. Banda Singh Bahadur attacked the Mughal stronghold of [[Jalalabad]]. The army opposing Banda Singh was composed of a sizeable number of the Muslim zamindars and shurafa, including many [[Sadaat-e-Bara|Sadat]],<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.ca/books?id=yXZCAAAAYAAJ&q=jalal+khan+and+many+sadat&dq=jalal+khan+and+many+sadat&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwid04fN-MDsAhXsmuAKHSk9AAwQ6AEwAHoECAEQAg |title= Proceedings, Volume 24 |date= 1963 }}</ref> Banda Singh Bahadur repelled Mughal and [[Pathan]] forces after four days from the battlefield and back into the city, but failed to capture the city and withdrew.<ref name="jalalabad"/>

==Background==
Banda Singh Bahadur was notified that Sikh people were imprisoned and persecuted, and the conditions were extremely bad for the [[Hindus]], facing cruel treatment and tyranny in the city of Jalalabad, ruled by Jalal Khan and Pathan army. Banda Singh sent his messengers to Jalal Khan to stop the oppression against the non-Muslims but his messengers were mistreated and sent back.{{sfn|Sagoo|2001|p=167}} Therefore, Banda Singh Bahadur marched towards Jalalabad.<ref>{{cite book|title=Banda Singh Bahadur and Sikh Sovreignty|last=Sagoo|first=Harbans Kaur|url=https://archive.org/details/BandaSinghBahadurAndSikhSovereignty/page/n183/mode/1up |year=2001|isbn=9788176293006|publisher=Deep & Deep Publications |pages=168,169}}</ref> On the way to Jalalabad, Banda Singh defeated, captured and plundered [[Sarsawa]], [[Saharanpur]], Beyhut, Ambeyta, Nanauta, with half the administrative towns of Saharanpur falling under the Sikh rule. From Nanauta, Banda and his army approached Jalalabad where the army of Jalal Khan awaited them.{{sfn|Sagoo|2001|p=170}}<ref>{{cite book|last=Gandhi|first=Surjit|url= https://archive.org/details/SikhsInTheEighteenthCentury/page/39/mode/2up|title= Sikhs In The Eighteenth Century|page=37|date=1999}}</ref>

==Battle and siege==
The battle took place for three or four days. Jamal Khan and Pir Khan, the nephews of Jalal Khan, were killed along with Hazbar Khan and numerous [[Ghazi (warrior)|Ghazis]], resulting in the repulsion of Pathan army back into the city fort.<ref name="jalalabad"/>{{sfn|Sagoo|2001|p=171}} The city was besieged, but due to strong walls of the fort, unpleasant weather that flooded the surrounding of the fort, along with its banks overflowed by [[Krishna River|river Krishna]], and especially after being notified of urgent calls from the Sikhs of central [[Punjab]], appealing for help against their local [[Faujdar|faujdars]], and that the Mughal emperor [[Bahadur Shah I|Bahadur Shah]] had sent reinforcement to recover the lost territories in Punjab, Banda Singh lifted the siege for more urgent matters.<ref name="jalalabad"/><ref name="baha">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Ganda |title=Life of Banda Singh Bahadur |date=1990 |publisher=Publication Bureau, Punjabi University |pages=90-99 |orig-date=1935}}</ref>{{sfn|Sagoo|2001|p=171}}{{sfn|Gandhi|1999|p=38}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jalalabad 1710}}
[[Category:Battles involving the Mughal Empire]]
[[Category:Sikh warriors]]
[[Category:1710 in Asia]]
[[Category:1710 in military history]]

Battle of Jalalabad (1710) - Revision history

EdmundWyrick821: general adjust intro based on references to improve readability

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