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	~~siege of fort ken~~{{Infobox Military Conflict		{{Infobox Military Conflict
	\| conflict = Battle of Chandighat (1771)		\| conflict = Battle of Chandighat (1771)
	\| place = Chandighat,[[Haridwar]],[[Uttarakhand]]		\| place = Chandighat,[[Haridwar]],[[Uttarakhand]]

2409:40D1:48F:B040:C428:FC9E:1EBE:A2C1 at 10:28, 15 November 2026

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← Older revision		Revision as of 15:58, 15 November 2026
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	{{Infobox Military Conflict		siege of fort ken{{Infobox Military Conflict
	\| conflict = Battle of Chandighat (1771)		\| conflict = Battle of Chandighat (1771)
	\| place = Chandighat,[[Haridwar]],[[Uttarakhand]]		\| place = Chandighat,[[Haridwar]],[[Uttarakhand]]

Bharatwiki Socrates: Created page with "{{Infobox Military Conflict | conflict = Battle of Chandighat (1771) | place = Chandighat,Haridwar,Uttarakhand | partof = Afghan-Maratha War and Maratha Invasion of Rohilkhand | result = Maratha victory{{Cite book |last=Cheema |first=G. S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f_RtAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=Najaf+khan+Chandighat&q=Najaf+khan+Chandighat&hl=en |title=The Forgotten Mughals: A Hi..."

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Created page with "{{Infobox Military Conflict | conflict = Battle of Chandighat (1771) | place = Chandighat,Haridwar,Uttarakhand | partof = Afghan-Maratha War and Maratha Invasion of Rohilkhand | result = Maratha victory<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cheema |first=G. S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f_RtAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=Najaf+khan+Chandighat&q=Najaf+khan+Chandighat&hl=en |title=The Forgotten Mughals: A Hi..."

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{{Infobox Military Conflict
| conflict = Battle of Chandighat (1771)
| place = Chandighat,[[Haridwar]],[[Uttarakhand]]
| partof = [[Afghan-Maratha War]] and Maratha Invasion of Rohilkhand
| result = [[Maratha]] victory<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cheema |first=G. S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f_RtAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=Najaf+khan+Chandighat&q=Najaf+khan+Chandighat&hl=en |title=The Forgotten Mughals: A History of the Later Emperors of the House of Babar, 1707-1857 |date=2002 |publisher=Manohar Publishers & Distributors |isbn=978-81-7304-416-8 |language=en}}</ref>
| date = 23 Feburary, 1771
| combatant1 = [[Image:Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg|25px]]'''[[Maratha Empire]]'''
*{{flagicon image|Alam of the Mughal Empire.svg|border=no}} [[Mughal Empire]]
| combatant2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of the Rampur State.svg|25px}} [[Kingdom of Rohilkhand]]
| commander1 = [[Image:Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg|25px]][[Tukoji Rao Holkar]] [[Image:Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg|25px]][[Mahadji Scindia]] [[Image:Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg|25px]][[Visaji Krushna Biniwale]] {{flagicon image|Alam of the Mughal Empire.svg|border=no}} [[Mirza Najaf Khan]]
| commander2 = {{flagicon image|Flag of the Rampur State.svg|25px}}Karam Khan Razzar{{KIA}} {{flagicon image|Flag of the Rampur State.svg|25px}}Sadat Khan Afridi{{KIA}} {{flagicon image|Flag of the Rampur State.svg|25px}}Sadiq Khan{{KIA}} {{flagicon image|Flag of the Rampur State.svg|25px}}Ali Muhammed Khan{{WIA}}{{POW}}<ref>{{Cite book |last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com |url=http://archive.org/details/FallOfTheMughalEmpire-VolumeIii |title=Fall Of The Mughal Empire - Volume III |language=English}}</ref>
| casualties1 = Less
| casualties2 = High
}}
One of the most significant battles in [[Rohilla|Afghan]] [[Maratha Empire|Maratha]] conflict was the Battle of Chandighat, which took place on 23 February 1771. This battle marked a turning point in the Maratha-Afghan Wars, as it resulted in a decisive victory for the [[Maratha Empire|Marathas]] over the [[Rohilla|Afghan forces]] led by Karam Khan Razzar.

==Background==
Shortly after the campaign began, an imperial army led by [[Mirza Najaf Khan]] and the Maratha forces under [[Tukoji Rao Holkar|Tukoji Holkar]], [[Mahadji Sindhia]], and [[Visaji Krushna Biniwale|Visaji Krishna]] crossed into the [[Doab]]. The Mughal emperor, [[Shah Alam II|Shah Alam]], followed behind the army from Delhi, traveling approximately 10 miles via Loni, [[Baghpat|Bagpat]], and Ghausgarh to Chandpur, which is located near the western bank of the [[Ganges]]. Meanwhile, [[Zabita Khan|Zabita]], the [[Rohilla Chieftaincies|Ruhela]] leader, had his treasures and the families of his fellow chiefs taken to [[Najibabad Fort|Pathargarh]] (the stone fort of [[Najibabad]]) with a small garrison. [[Zabita Khan|Zabita]] himself positioned himself at Shukartal with approximately 4,000 troops and dispersed the majority of his army along the eastern bank of the [[Ganges]] from [[Najibabad Fort|Pathargarh]] to [[Haridwar district|Hardwar]], which is approximately 38 miles northwards.<ref>{{Cite book |last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com |url=http://archive.org/details/FallOfTheMughalEmpire-VolumeIii |title=Fall Of The Mughal Empire - Volume III |pages=41 |language=English}}</ref> [[Zabita Khan|Zabita]] hoped to replicate his father's success against [[Dattaji Rao Scindia|Dattaji Sindhia]] in 1759 while also defending against any potential invasion into the [[Najibabad]] district across the uppermost reaches of the Ganges. However, unlike [[Dattaji Rao Scindia|Dattaji's]] failure in 1759, the [[Maratha Empire|Marathas]] concentrated all their strength on forcing the [[Ganges]] in its shallowest and uppermost part during this winter season when the river had reached its lowest level.<ref>{{Cite book |last=www.DiscoverSikhism.com |url=http://archive.org/details/FallOfTheMughalEmpire-VolumeIii |title=Fall Of The Mughal Empire - Volume III |pages=43 |language=English}}</ref>

==Battle==
During a battle spanning 38 miles, the [[Rohilla|Ruhela]] forces were positioned in groups and fortified the eastern bank at every known crossing point. The [[Maratha Empire|Marathas]] dug trenches opposite them on the western bank and then deceived the enemy by falsely announcing their intention to cross further downstream. The invaders successfully executed this plan by first appearing to abandon the crucial location of Chandighat and relocating their camp and belongings elsewhere. This diversion left the [[Rohilla|Ruhelas]] completely unprepared for the actual attack, which took place at Chandighat.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CHwezr421hkC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=Sadiq+khan+Chandighat&q=Sadiq+khan+Chandighat&hl=en |title=Persian Records of Maratha History |date=1953 |publisher=Director of Archives |language=en}}</ref> The outnumbered [[Army of the Mughal Empire|imperialists]] and [[Maratha Empire|Marathas]] who had already crossed the river faced ten thousand [[Rohilla|Ruhelas]]. The [[Rohilla|Afghans]] commander Sadat Khan Afridi, who was wounded in both thighs, changed horses and continued fighting until he was struck down by more wounds. His men fled, but his brother Sadiq Khan, also wounded, charged recklessly against [[Mirza Najaf Khan|Najaf Khan]] himself.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Varma |first=Shanti Prasad |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SUjRAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=Mirza+najaf+khan+Chandighat&q=Mirza+najaf+khan+Chandighat&hl=en |title=A Study in Maratha Diplomacy: Anglo-Maratha Relations, 1772-1783 A.D. |date=1956 |publisher=Shiva Lal Agrawala |language=en}}</ref> The [[Rohilla|Afghans]] broke and fled in disarray. The heads of fallen [[Rohilla]] generals were sent to the [[Shah Alam II|emperor]], and Ali Muhammad Khan, a wounded colonel of [[Zabita Khan|Zabita's army]], was captured while hiding in the bushes. This victory, which was the first of the [[Shah Alam II|emperor's]] reign, was attributed entirely to [[Mirza Najaf Khan|Najaf Khan]], who received numerous favors from the emperor as a result. The emperor exclaimed, "You have saved my honor," while stretching his own beard with both hands towards [[Mirza Najaf Khan|Najaf Khan]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sarkar |first=Jadunath |url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=8CjqEAAAQBAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA51&dq=Sadiq+khan+Chandighat&hl=en&source=newbks_fb&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Sadiq%20khan%20Chandighat&f=false |title=Fall of the Mughal Empire 1771-1788 (Volume-3) |publisher=Balaji Publication |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Husain |first=Iqbal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hnRuAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&dq=Sadiq+khan+Chandighat&q=Sadiq+khan+Chandighat&hl=en |title=The Ruhela Chieftaincies: The Rise and Fall of Ruhela Power in India in the Eighteenth Century |date=1994 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-563068-8 |language=en}}</ref>

==References==

<references />
[[Category:Battles involving the Maratha Empire]]
[[Category:Maratha Empire]]
[[Category:Mughal Empire]]
[[Category:Rohilkhand]]
[[Category:Rohilla]]

Battle of Chandighat (1771) - Revision history

2409:40D1:48F:B040:C428:FC9E:1EBE:A2C1 at 10:28, 15 November 2026

2409:40D1:48F:B040:C428:FC9E:1EBE:A2C1 at 10:28, 15 November 2026