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History: Fixed grammar

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	==History==		==History==

	Before India's independence, Basavakalyan was called '''Kalyani'''. After independence and division of states on linguistic basis in 1956, Kalyana was renamed as BasavaKalyan in memory of [[Basava\|Vishwaguru Basavanna]], a ~~[[revolutionary]]~~ who established [[Anubhava Mantapa]] (spiritual democracy) in 12th-century India.		Before India's independence, Basavakalyan was called '''Kalyani'''. After independence and division of states on linguistic basis in 1956, Kalyana was renamed as BasavaKalyan in memory of [[Basava\|Vishwaguru Basavanna]], a social reformer who established [[Anubhava Mantapa]] (spiritual democracy) in 12th-century India.

	Basavakalyan was ruled by [[Western Chalukyas]], [[Kalachuris of Kalyani]], [[Yadavas of Devagiri]], [[Kakatiya dynasty\|Kakatiyas]], [[Delhi Sultanate]], [[Bahamani Sultanate]] (Bidar, Gulbarga), [[Bidar Sultanate]], [[Bijapur Sultanate]], Mughals and Hyderabad [[Nizams]].		Basavakalyan was ruled by [[Western Chalukyas]], [[Kalachuris of Kalyani]], [[Yadavas of Devagiri]], [[Kakatiya dynasty\|Kakatiyas]], [[Delhi Sultanate]], [[Bahamani Sultanate]] (Bidar, Gulbarga), [[Bidar Sultanate]], [[Bijapur Sultanate]], Mughals and Hyderabad [[Nizams]].

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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Basavakalyan
| native_name =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline = Basava Gaint Statue 108 feet, Basava Kalyana.JPG
| image_alt =
| image_caption = World's tallest Basavanna Statue, {{convert|108|ft}}
| nickname = The City of Anubhava Mantapa
| pushpin_map = India Karnataka
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Karnataka, India
| coordinates = {{coord|17|52|22|N|76|56|59|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flagcountry|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Divisions of Karnataka|Division]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of regions of India|Region]]
| subdivision_type4 = [[Districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_type5 = [[Talukas of Karnataka|Taluka]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Karnataka]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kalaburagi Division|Kalaburagi]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Bayaluseeme]]
| subdivision_name4 = [[Bidar district]]
| subdivision_name5 = Basavakalyan taluka
| established_title =
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = Municipal Council
| governing_body = Basavakalyan City Panchayat
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 32
| area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 621
| population_total = 69,717
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_blank1_title = Males
| population_blank1 = 36116
| population_blank2_title = Females
| population_blank2 = 33601
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
| population_demonym = Basavakalyani, Kalyani
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official language
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 585 327
| area_code = 08481
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| registration_plate = KA-56
| unemployment_rate =
| website = http://www.basavakalyancity.mrc.gov.in/
| footnotes =
| demographics1_info1 = [[Kannada]]
}}

'''Basavakalyan''' or '''Basavakalyana''' is a City and [[Tehsil|taluka]] in [[Bidar District]], [[Karnataka]], [[India]]. and was historically known as Kalyan and Basavakalyan is the Second Largest Municipality City in Bidar District.

==History==

Before India's independence, Basavakalyan was called '''Kalyani'''. After independence and division of states on linguistic basis in 1956, Kalyana was renamed as BasavaKalyan in memory of [[Basava|Vishwaguru Basavanna]], a [[revolutionary]] who established [[Anubhava Mantapa]] (spiritual democracy) in 12th-century India.

Basavakalyan was ruled by [[Western Chalukyas]], [[Kalachuris of Kalyani]], [[Yadavas of Devagiri]], [[Kakatiya dynasty|Kakatiyas]], [[Delhi Sultanate]], [[Bahamani Sultanate]] (Bidar, Gulbarga), [[Bidar Sultanate]], [[Bijapur Sultanate]], Mughals and Hyderabad [[Nizams]].

===Western Chalukyas===
{{main |Western Chalukyas}}

It was the royal capital of the [[Western Chalukya]] ([[Kalyani Chalukyas]]) dynasty from 1050 to 1195. [[Someshvara I]] (1041–1068) made Kalyana as his capital, recognised as [[Kalyani Chalukyas]] to differentiate with [[Badami Chalukyas]]. Later ruled by [[Someshvara II]], [[Vikramaditya VI]], [[Someshvara III]], [[Jagadhekamalla III]] and [[Tailapa III]]. King Someshwara I (1042–1068 CE) moved the capital from [[Manyakheta]] (present Malkhed in Kalaburagi district) to Kalyani.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/537255/sights-around-basavakalyan.html|title = Sights around Basavakalyan|date = 28 March 2016}}</ref> During the 10th to 12th centuries he ruled nearly half of India,<ref>{{cite news
|url = http://www.hindu.com/2007/08/08/stories/2007080854781000.htm
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080604100920/http://www.hindu.com/2007/08/08/stories/2007080854781000.htm
|url-status = dead
|archive-date = 2008-06-04
|title =Basavakalyan getting facelift
|access-date = 2009-05-08
|location = Chennai, India
|work = [[The Hindu]]
|date = 2007-08-08
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.ourkarnataka.com/states/history/historyofkarnataka24.htm
|title = The Chalukyas of Kalyani
|access-date = 2008-08-20
}}</ref> most of the western Deccan and South India.
King [[Vikramaditya VI]] had scholars in his court such as Someshwara, Bilhana (poet of Kashmir) and Vigyaneshwara (legal expert). On 26 February 1077 Coronation of Vikramaditya VI started Chalukya Vikrama Varsha Jalsangi Temple.

====Kalyani Chalukya architecture====
The earliest examples of the Kalyani Chalukya style are found at [[Kuknur]]. The ''Kalleshvara and Navalinga temples'' here bear resemblances to early Chalukya group of [[Aihole]] and [[Pattadkal]]. The [[derasar|Jaina temple]] at [[Lakkundi]] near [[Gadag]] forms the next step in the improvement of this style introducing a greater ornamental effect in the treatment of the surface.

The Kalyani style of architecture reached its maturity and culmination in the 12th century. Kasi Vishveshvara at Lakkundi, Mallikarjuna at Kuruvatti and [[Mahadeva Temple (Itagi)]] are the finest examples produced by the later Chalukya architects. The Saraswathi and Someshwara temples at [[Gadag]] are in a mutilated condition. There are nearly one hundred monuments of the period, scattered all over the Deccan, giving us information about the artistic excellence attained by the later Chalukyas of Kalyani.

===Kalachuris and Basaveshwara===
{{main|Kalachuris of Kalyani|Basaveshwara}}

[[Kalachuris of Kalyani]] succeeded [[Kalyani Chalukyas]] continued Kalyani as there capital. During the 12th century the [[Kalachuris of Kalyani]] King Bijjala (1156–1167) assumed the throne, and [[Basaveshwara]] was appointed as his prime minister. Basaveshwara led a social movement to stop untouchability and gender discrimination, Shivasharana revolution took place. Basaveshwara motivated many with the ''[[Vachana]] sahitya'', and more than 600 people became writers called ''Vachanakaras''.

==Centre of social and religious movement==
The centre of a great social and religious movement. In the 12th century, because of the social reformer [[Basava]], it became a seat of learning. Basava, [[Akka Mahadevi]], [[Channabasavanna]], [[Siddarama]] and other Sharanas are associated with Basavakalyan. Basava, who fought against casteism and orthodoxy in Hinduism.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.legacykarnataka.com/karnataka_pilgrimage_basavakalyan.htm
|title=Basavakalyan
|access-date=2009-05-08
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090527040652/http://www.legacykarnataka.com/karnataka_pilgrimage_basavakalyan.htm
|archive-date=27 May 2009
|url-status=dead
}}</ref>

Vishwaguru Basavanna was a great revolutionary who established spiritual democracy called "Anubhava Mantapa" in the 12th century in India(Anubhava Mantapa – which is also called as the "First Parliament of the World". It was led by Saint Allamprabhu), and gave practical solutions to all kinds of problems mankind was suffering at that time. His teachings are time tested, scientific and proven. Basava-Tatva is never ending inspiration to achieve the welfare of mankind.

== Tourism ==
[[File:Basava Kalyan Fort.JPG|thumb|right|300px| Basavakalyan Fort]]
[[File:Basava Kalyan Fort 1.2.JPG|thumb|right|300px| Basavakalyan Fort]]
[[File:Basava Kalyan temple.JPG|thumb|right|300px| Basavakalyan Temple]]

At [[Jalasangvi]], Narayanapura and Shivapura there are temples of the [[Chalukya dynasty]].
Basaveshvara temple is at the centre of Basavakalyan. There are some Islamic monuments ''Moti Mahal, Hydari Mahal, Peeran Durga''. And other religious places such as ''Gachchina Matha, Kambali Matha and Sadananda Matha''.

* [[Basavakalyana Fort]] was constructed by Chalukyas. Later on it was under the Nizam’s rule.
There is museum in a side fort and has immense collection of historic valuables and information. There are Jain idols of the 10th-11th century.<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.jainheritagecentres.com/karnataka/basavakalyan.htm
|title = BASAVAKALYAN
|access-date = 2009-05-08
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091005034739/http://www.jainheritagecentres.com/karnataka/basavakalyan.htm
|archive-date = 2009-10-05
}}</ref>

* Historical Lord Shiva Temple constructed by Chalukyas during 12th century at Narayanpur village (Just 2.5 km away from Basavakalyan)
*108 feet statue of Basaveshwara
*Sai Baba Temple
*Munde Pali Hanuman Temple
* Basaveshwara Temple
*Anubhava Mantapa
*Hingulambika Mandir.
*There is a statue of Allamaprabhu, as the guru of the Basavanna and the related photos of Basavanna which he has worked for the people.
*There is lake beside it and full of trees surrounding its Temple.
*Basava Dharma Peetha Charitable Trust with the intention of reviving Sharana cultural heritage purchased a land of 3 acres on 21-12-2001 by the side of main road nearby the entrance of Basava Kalyana town. Later on the Trust purchased 17.5 acres just adjacent to the previous land and has built a prayer hall and living rooms. Haralayya Tirtha - an attractive water reservoir is formed.
*Sri Basaveswara cave and Akkamahadevi cave have been chiselled and carved in laterite rock-soil. Sharana village formed pictures the concept of 12th century Sharanas engaged actively in their kayakas (occupations).
*The Trust is running an orphanage. There is a hillock which is named as Sharana Shaila. On Sharana Shaila is erected Lord Basavanna’s statue of 108’ height. It is structured on a pedestal of 24 feet height, 60’ x 80’ size. ruins of lord Shiva temple of great architectural styles and written scripts can be found in a village soldapka, which is situated 20 km away from Basavakalyan.

== Education ==
Basavakalyan is renowned for its educational heritage. It hosts a big number of educational institutes. The following table names a few of them:

{|class="wikitable"
|-
! Type
! Names
|-
| Schools
|Shri Basaveshwara Primary and High School (Kannada and English)
|-
|}
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! Type
! Names
|-
| Schools
| Shantinikethan Primary and High School (Kannada)
|-
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! type
! Name
|-
|Pre-University College
|SSKB College of Arts and Science Basavakalyan
|-
|-
|-
|Pre-University College
|Allamprabhu PU college(Science)
|-
| College

| The city also has one Engineering College, which is Basavakalyan Engineering College situated in NH65, Kouiyal, Basavakalyan, Bidar Karnataka
|-
|}

== Geography ==
Basavakalyan is located at {{coord|17.87|N|76.95|E|}}.<ref>[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/19/Basavakalyan.html Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Basavakalyan]</ref> It has an average elevation of 621 metres (2037 feet).

== Demographics ==
As of the [[2011 Census of India]], the city of Basavakalyan had a population of 69,717 of which 36,116 were males while 33,601 were females. [[Kannada]] language is spoken by the majority of the population. [[Marathi language|Marathi]], [[Hindi]] and [[Urdu]] are also spoken in the town.

The population of children with aged between 0 to 6 was 9,949 which was 14.27% of the total population of Basavakalyan (CMC). In Basavakalyan, the sex Ratio was 930 females to 1,000 males, against the Karnataka state average of 973 female to 1,000 males. Moreover, the child sex ratio in Basavakalyan was around 879, compared to the state average of 948. The literacy rate of Basavakalyan was 77.46%, higher than the state average of 75.36%. Male literacy rate was around 82.46% while female literacy rate was 72.13%.

==Religion==

{{bar box

|title = Religions in Basavakalyan
|titlebar = #Fcd116
|left1 = Religion
|right1 = Percent
|float = right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindu]]|orange|56.20}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslim]]|green|41.08}}
{{bar percent|[[Christians]]|blue|0.15}}
{{bar percent|Others|black|2.11}}

<small>Includes [[Sikh]]s (0.02%), [[Buddhism|Buddhists]] (1.75%), [[Jain]] (0.03%)

</small>
}}

==See also==
*[[Narayanapur, Bidar]]
*[[Umapur]]
*[[Bhalki]]
*[[Ulavi]]
*[[Kudalasangama]]
*[[Jangam]]

== References ==
{{commons category|Basavakalyana}}
{{reflist}}

{{Historical places of Chalukyas}}
{{Bidar topics}}

[[Category:Western Chalukya Empire]]
[[Category:Lingayatism]]
[[Category:Former capital cities in India]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Bidar district]]

Basavakalyan - Revision history

Jefferykip: correct layout per sources after review

2409:4071:E8C:1531:659F:FD23:28CF:19E7: /* History */ Fixed grammar

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