Bartaman Bharat - Revision history

Jaffer sadiq: rework information based on references and cleaned formatting to improve readability

2026-01-31T10:05:39Z

rework information based on references and cleaned formatting to improve readability

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:35, 31 January 2026
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			{{Short description\|1905 book by Swami Vivekananda}}
	{{Infobox book		{{Infobox book
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	Murlidharananda, in this essay, Vivekananda expressed his desire to see the regeneration of India.<ref name="Jitatmananda 1986 p25">{{Harvnb\|Jitatmananda\|1986\|p=25}}</ref> Srivastava, the writer of ''Teacher in Emerging Indian Society'' wrote in this essay Vivekananda felt that a purpose of our education should be providing service to the humanity too.<ref name="Srivastava 2006 p207">{{Harvnb\|Srivastava\|2006\|p=207}}</ref>		Murlidharananda, in this essay, Vivekananda expressed his desire to see the regeneration of India.<ref name="Jitatmananda 1986 p25">{{Harvnb\|Jitatmananda\|1986\|p=25}}</ref> Srivastava, the writer of ''Teacher in Emerging Indian Society'' wrote in this essay Vivekananda felt that a purpose of our education should be providing service to the humanity too.<ref name="Srivastava 2006 p207">{{Harvnb\|Srivastava\|2006\|p=207}}</ref>

	== References ==		==References==
	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}

	===Bibliography===		===Bibliography===
			{{Portal\|India}}
	*{{cite book\|last= Chattopadhyaya \|first=Rajagopal \|title=Swami Vivekananda in India: A Corrective Biography\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EtcoeaQIQdAC&pg=PA118\|date=January 1, 1999\|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass\|isbn=978-81-208-1586-5}}		*{{cite book\|last= Chattopadhyaya \|first=Rajagopal \|title=Swami Vivekananda in India: A Corrective Biography\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EtcoeaQIQdAC&pg=PA118\|date=January 1, 1999\|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass\|isbn=978-81-208-1586-5}}
	*{{cite book\|last= Dalal \|first=Roshen \|title=Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DH0vmD8ghdMC&pg=PA465\|date=October 2011\|publisher=Penguin Books India\|isbn=978-0-14-341421-6}}		*{{cite book\|last= Dalal \|first=Roshen \|title=Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DH0vmD8ghdMC&pg=PA465\|date=October 2011\|publisher=Penguin Books India\|isbn=978-0-14-341421-6}}
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	*{{cite book\|last= Mittra \|first=Sitansu Sekhar \|title=Bengal's Renaissance\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WPFeBY9YEAQC&pg=PA88\|year=2001\|publisher=Academic Publishers\|isbn=978-81-87504-18-4}}		*{{cite book\|last= Mittra \|first=Sitansu Sekhar \|title=Bengal's Renaissance\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WPFeBY9YEAQC&pg=PA88\|year=2001\|publisher=Academic Publishers\|isbn=978-81-87504-18-4}}
	*{{cite book\|last= Parmar \|first=Himanshu \|title=Across the Gaping Chasm: Portrayal of Social Oppression in Select Indian Novels\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ODP8hi55e14C&pg=PA93\|year=2008\|publisher=Anamika Publishers & Distributors\|isbn=978-81-7975-225-8}}		*{{cite book\|last= Parmar \|first=Himanshu \|title=Across the Gaping Chasm: Portrayal of Social Oppression in Select Indian Novels\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ODP8hi55e14C&pg=PA93\|year=2008\|publisher=Anamika Publishers & Distributors\|isbn=978-81-7975-225-8}}
	* {{cite book\|last=Srivastava\|first=<!--KEEP IT BLANK, ELSE THE HARV REF WILL BE BROKEN-->\|title=Teacher in Emerging Indian Society\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hnojW9AuFH4C&pg=PA207\|year=2006\|publisher=APH Publishing\|isbn=978-81-313-0008-4}}		*{{cite book\|last=Srivastava\|first=<!--KEEP IT BLANK, ELSE THE HARV REF WILL BE BROKEN-->\|title=Teacher in Emerging Indian Society\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hnojW9AuFH4C&pg=PA207\|year=2006\|publisher=APH Publishing\|isbn=978-81-313-0008-4}}

			==External links==
			*{{Commons category-inline\|Bartaman Bharat}}

	{{Swami Vivekananda}}		{{Swami Vivekananda}}

			{{Authority control}}

	[[Category:Works by Swami Vivekananda]]		[[Category:Works by Swami Vivekananda]]
	[[Category:1905 non-fiction books]]		[[Category:1905 non-fiction books]]
	[[Category:1899 essays]]		[[Category:1899 essays]]

CleanupBot II: Removed empty portal template using script

2023-08-13T19:08:46Z

Removed empty portal template using script

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:38, 14 August 2023
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	===Bibliography===		===Bibliography===
	~~{{Portal\|India}}~~
	*{{cite book\|last= Chattopadhyaya \|first=Rajagopal \|title=Swami Vivekananda in India: A Corrective Biography\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EtcoeaQIQdAC&pg=PA118\|date=January 1, 1999\|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass\|isbn=978-81-208-1586-5}}		*{{cite book\|last= Chattopadhyaya \|first=Rajagopal \|title=Swami Vivekananda in India: A Corrective Biography\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EtcoeaQIQdAC&pg=PA118\|date=January 1, 1999\|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass\|isbn=978-81-208-1586-5}}
	*{{cite book\|last= Dalal \|first=Roshen \|title=Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DH0vmD8ghdMC&pg=PA465\|date=October 2011\|publisher=Penguin Books India\|isbn=978-0-14-341421-6}}		*{{cite book\|last= Dalal \|first=Roshen \|title=Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DH0vmD8ghdMC&pg=PA465\|date=October 2011\|publisher=Penguin Books India\|isbn=978-0-14-341421-6}}

>Riquix at 03:33, 25 June 2021

2021-06-25T03:33:21Z

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{{Infobox book

| name = Bartaman Bharat
| image = Bartaman Bharat title page 1905 edition.jpg
| image_size = 230px
| caption = Title page of 1905 book edition
| alt =
| author = [[Swami Vivekananda]]
| title_orig =
| translator =
| illustrator =
| cover_artist =
| country = India
| language = Bengali
| subject = Philosophy
| genre =
| publisher = Udbodhan
| publisher2 =
| pub_date = 1899<br/>1905 (published as a book)
| english_pub_date =
| media_type =
| awards =
| dewey =
| congress =
| preceded_by =
| preceded_by_quotation_marks =
| followed_by =
| followed_by_quotation_marks =

}}
'''''Bartaman Bharat''''' (translated to English as '''''Modern India'''''{{sfn|Chattopadhyaya|1999|p=118}} or '''''Present Day India'''''{{sfn|Mittra|2001|p=88}}) is a [[Bengali language]] essay written by Indian Hindu monk [[Swami Vivekananda]]. The essay was first published in the March 1899 issue of ''[[Udbodhan]]'', the only Bengali language magazine of [[Ramakrishna Math]] and [[Ramakrishna Mission]]. The essay was published as a book in 1905, and later it was compiled into the fourth volume of ''The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda''.{{sfn|Chattopadhyaya|1999|p=118}}

In this essay, Vivekananda briefly discussed and analyzed the entire Indian history and predicted a period of mass-awakening when the society will be ruled by the ''[[Shudra]]s''.{{sfn|Chattopadhyaya|1999|p=118}}{{sfn|Parmar|2008|p=93}} The essay showed deep concern for India's distressed and poor people. He urged Indians to treat each other as brothers irrespective of their [[caste]].{{sfn|Dalal|2011|p=465}}

== Background ==
[[File:Swami Vivekananda Madras 1897.jpg|thumb|Swami Vivekananda in Madras in 1897. The same image was published in the 1905 edition of the book.<ref name="Bartaman Bharat 1905 edition title page">{{cite web|title=Bartaman Bharat 1905 edition title page|url=http://dspace.wbpublibnet.gov.in:8080/jspui/bitstream/10689/8232/1/Title%20Page.pdf|access-date=September 9, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716070335/http://dspace.wbpublibnet.gov.in:8080/jspui/bitstream/10689/8232/1/Title%20Page.pdf|archive-date=July 16, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>]]
After returning from the West in 1897, Vivekananda visited many Indian states. In January 1899, he started the Bengali magazine ''Udbodhan'', a publication of [[Ramakrishna Math]] and [[Ramakrishna Mission]].{{sfn|Jackson|1994|p=31}} He wrote Bengali essays ''Bhabbar Kotha'', ''Bartaman Bharat'', ''Parvrajak'' and ''Prachya o Paschatya'' for ''Udbodhan''. The Bengali essay ''Bartaman Bharat'' was first published in the ''Udbodhan'' in March 1899.{{sfn|Dalal|2011|p=465}}

== Synopsis ==
In this essay Vivekananda briefly recounted and analyzed the entire history of India, from the time when Vedic priests used to be rulers of the society to the occupation of the country by the British. But, his main focus was on his contemporary India.<ref name="Modern India text">[[Wikisource:The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda/Volume 4/Translation: Prose/Modern India]]</ref>

He tried to describe how the society was first ruled by Vedic priests (''[[Brahmin]]''), who were followed by the mighty rulers, who had powers in their hands for thousands of years and were finally succeeded by ''[[Vaishya]]'' power. Then the author predicted that following this cyclical rule, the ''Vaishya'''s too will lose their glory one day and the lowermost class of the Indian society ''[[Shudra]]s'' will rise to power and the whole society will be ruled by them.<ref name="Modern India text"/>{{sfn|Chattopadhyaya|1999|p=118}}{{sfn|Parmar|2008|p=93}}

He urged Indians to treat and honour each other as brothers despite their caste or financial condition.{{sfn|Dalal|2011|p=465}} He suggested not to forget that [[Sita]], [[Savitri and Satyavan|Savitri]], [[Damayanti]] are the ideals of Indian womanhood. He asked to consider the soil of India as one's heaven and the good of India as one's own good.<ref name="Modern India text" /> He also suggested not to foolishly imitate the West. He wrote—<ref name="Modern India text"/>
<blockquote>O India, this is your terrible danger. The spell of imitating the West is getting such a strong hold upon you that what is good or what is bad is no longer decided by reason, judgment, discrimination, or reference to the Shastras. Whatever ideas, whatever manners the white men praise or like are good; whatever things they dislike or censure are bad. Alas! what can be a more tangible proof of foolishness than this?</blockquote>

The conclusion of his essay has now become a "standard college or high school text".<ref>{{cite book|title=Economic and Political Weekly|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k9CwAAAAIAAJ|page=1561|access-date=September 8, 2013|date=July 1992|publisher=Sameeksha Trust}}</ref>

== Publication ==
The essay was first published in the March 1899 issue of ''Udbodhan''. In 1905 the essay was re-printed and published as a book from the same publication. The preface of the book was written by [[Swami Saradananda]].<ref name="Bartaman Bharat 1905 preface">{{cite web|title=Bartaman Bharat 1905 preface|url=http://dspace.wbpublibnet.gov.in:8080/jspui/bitstream/10689/8232/2/Introduction.pdf|access-date=September 9, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140716063531/http://dspace.wbpublibnet.gov.in:8080/jspui/bitstream/10689/8232/2/Introduction.pdf|archive-date=July 16, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

== Significance ==
According to Swami

Murlidharananda, in this essay, Vivekananda expressed his desire to see the regeneration of India.<ref name="Jitatmananda 1986 p25">{{Harvnb|Jitatmananda|1986|p=25}}</ref> Srivastava, the writer of ''Teacher in Emerging Indian Society'' wrote in this essay Vivekananda felt that a purpose of our education should be providing service to the humanity too.<ref name="Srivastava 2006 p207">{{Harvnb|Srivastava|2006|p=207}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

===Bibliography===
{{Portal|India}}
*{{cite book|last= Chattopadhyaya |first=Rajagopal |title=Swami Vivekananda in India: A Corrective Biography|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EtcoeaQIQdAC&pg=PA118|date=January 1, 1999|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=978-81-208-1586-5}}
*{{cite book|last= Dalal |first=Roshen |title=Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DH0vmD8ghdMC&pg=PA465|date=October 2011|publisher=Penguin Books India|isbn=978-0-14-341421-6}}
*{{cite book|last= Jackson |first=Carl T. |title=Vedanta for the West: The Ramakrishna Movement in the United States|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rgOUdndOV8oC&pg=PA31|date=May 22, 1994|publisher=Indiana University Press|isbn=978-0-253-11388-7}}
* {{cite book|last=Jitatmananda|first=Swami|title=The Vedanta Kesari|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SsfWAAAAMAAJ|access-date=September 11, 2013|year=1986|publisher=Sri Ramakrishna Math.}}
*{{cite book|last= Mittra |first=Sitansu Sekhar |title=Bengal's Renaissance|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WPFeBY9YEAQC&pg=PA88|year=2001|publisher=Academic Publishers|isbn=978-81-87504-18-4}}
*{{cite book|last= Parmar |first=Himanshu |title=Across the Gaping Chasm: Portrayal of Social Oppression in Select Indian Novels|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ODP8hi55e14C&pg=PA93|year=2008|publisher=Anamika Publishers & Distributors|isbn=978-81-7975-225-8}}
* {{cite book|last=Srivastava|first=|title=Teacher in Emerging Indian Society|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hnojW9AuFH4C&pg=PA207|year=2006|publisher=APH Publishing|isbn=978-81-313-0008-4}}

{{Swami Vivekananda}}

[[Category:Works by Swami Vivekananda]]
[[Category:1905 non-fiction books]]
[[Category:1899 essays]]