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	'''Baramulla district''' or Varmul (in [[Kashmiri language\|Kashmiri]]) (pronounced '''Bārāmūla''' in English) is one of the 20 [[district]]s in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India\|union territory]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)\|Jammu and Kashmir]]. [[Baramulla]] ~~city~~ is the administrative headquarters of this district. The district covered an area of {{convert\|4,588\|km2\|sqmi\|abbr=on}} in 2001,<ref>{{citation \|url=https://jk.gov.in/jammukashmir/?q=divisions \|title=Divisions & Districts \|work=Jamu & Kashmir Official Portal \|date=2012 \|access-date=21 November 2020}}</ref> but it was reduced to {{convert\|4,243\|km2\|sqmi\|abbr=on}} at the time of 2011 census.<ref name=2011CensusArea/> In 2016, the district administration said that the area was {{convert\|4,190\|km2\|sqmi\|abbr=on}}.<ref name="District Baramulla">{{cite web\|url=http://baramulla.nic.in/WebPages/about/district_profile.html\|title=About District Baramulla\|access-date=2016-10-16\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220070227/http://baramulla.nic.in/WebPages/about/district_profile.html\|archive-date=20 December 2016\|url-status=dead}}</ref>		'''Baramulla district''' or Varmul (in [[Kashmiri language\|Kashmiri]]) (pronounced '''Bārāmūla''' in English) is one of the 20 [[district]]s in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India\|union territory]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)\|Jammu and Kashmir]]. [[Baramulla]] town is the administrative headquarters of this district. The district covered an area of {{convert\|4,588\|km2\|sqmi\|abbr=on}} in 2001,<ref>{{citation \|url=https://jk.gov.in/jammukashmir/?q=divisions \|title=Divisions & Districts \|work=Jamu & Kashmir Official Portal \|date=2012 \|access-date=21 November 2020}}</ref> but it was reduced to {{convert\|4,243\|km2\|sqmi\|abbr=on}} at the time of 2011 census.<ref name=2011CensusArea/> In 2016, the district administration said that the area was {{convert\|4,190\|km2\|sqmi\|abbr=on}}.<ref name="District Baramulla">{{cite web\|url=http://baramulla.nic.in/WebPages/about/district_profile.html\|title=About District Baramulla\|access-date=2016-10-16\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220070227/http://baramulla.nic.in/WebPages/about/district_profile.html\|archive-date=20 December 2016\|url-status=dead}}</ref>

	==Etymology==		==Etymology==

42.105.48.37: /* Ancient and medieval */

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Ancient and medieval

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{{original research|date=July 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Baramulla district
| native_name = Varmul
| native_name_lang = ks
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[Districts of Jammu and Kashmir|District]]
| image_skyline = Gulmarg.JPG
| image_alt =
| image_caption = [[Gulmarg]] ski resort
| nickname =
| map_alt =
| image_map = Baramulla district in Jammu and Kashmir.svg
| map_caption = Baramulla district
| coordinates = {{coord|34.1980|N|74.3636|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|Union territory]]
| subdivision_name1 =
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Baramulla]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 = {{olist |Uri |Baramulla |Tangmarg |Pattan |Boniyar |Wagoora |Zaingeer (Bomai) |Rohama |Kreeri |Watergam |Sopore |Dangiwacha |Dangerpora |Khoie (Panzipora) |Kunzer |Kawarhama }}
| leader_title = [[District magistrate|District Magistrate]]
| leader_name = Bhupinder Kumar ([[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]])
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = <ref name=2011CensusArea>{{cite report |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/01/0108_PART_A_DCHB_BARAMULA.pdf |page=11 |work=Census of India 2011 |title=District Census Handbook Baramulla, Part A |date=July 2016 |access-date=21 November 2020}} {{cite report |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0108_PART_B_DCHB_BARAMULA.pdf|page=22 |work=Census of India 2011 |title=District Census Handbook Baramulla, Part B |date=16 June 2014 |access-date=21 November 2020}}</ref>
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 = 4243
| area_rural_km2 = 4179.44
| area_urban_km2 = 63.56
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 1,008,039
| population_rural = 182,500
| population_urban = 825,539
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="census2011-C01"/>
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]], [[Urdu]], [[Hindi]], [[Dogri language|Dogri]], [[English language|English]]<ref name="OfficialLang">{{cite web |url=http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2020/222037.pdf |title=The Jammu and Kashmir Official Languages Act, 2020 |publisher=The Gazette of India|date=27 September 2020 |access-date=27 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=Parliament passes JK Official Languages Bill, 2020 | work=Rising Kashmir | date=23 September 2020| url=http://risingkashmir.com/news/parliament-passes-jk-official-languages-bill-2020 | access-date=23 September 2020}}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Main spoken
| demographics1_info2 = [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]]
| demographics1_title3 = Other spoken
| demographics1_info3 = [[Pahari language (Kashmir)|Pahari]], [[Gujari language|Gujari]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| registration_plate = JK05
| website = {{url|http://baramulla.nic.in/}}
| footnotes =
| literacy_rate = 66.93
}}

'''Baramulla district''' or Varmul (in [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]]) (pronounced '''Bārāmūla''' in English) is one of the 20 [[district]]s in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|union territory]] of [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. [[Baramulla]] city is the administrative headquarters of this district. The district covered an area of {{convert|4,588|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} in 2001,<ref>{{citation |url=https://jk.gov.in/jammukashmir/?q=divisions |title=Divisions & Districts |work=Jamu & Kashmir Official Portal |date=2012 |access-date=21 November 2020}}</ref> but it was reduced to {{convert|4,243|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} at the time of 2011 census.<ref name=2011CensusArea/> In 2016, the district administration said that the area was {{convert|4,190|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}.<ref name="District Baramulla">{{cite web|url=http://baramulla.nic.in/WebPages/about/district_profile.html|title=About District Baramulla|access-date=2016-10-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220070227/http://baramulla.nic.in/WebPages/about/district_profile.html|archive-date=20 December 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Etymology==
The name Baramulla, meaning "Boar's Molar Place,"<ref name="Jasbir Singh">{{cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ROfsAAAAMAAJ&q=Baramulla+boar| title = The economy of Jammu & Kashmir
| year = 2004
|publisher =Radha Krishan Anand & Co., 2004| isbn = 9788188256099
|quote=... meaning in Sanskrit a boar's place.{{citation needed|date=April 2012}} Foreigners who visited this place pronounced ... The place was thus named as Baramulla meaning 12 bores.|access-date = 2010-07-01}}</ref> is derived from two [[Sanskrit]] words ''Varaha'' (Boar) and ''Mula''. According to [[Hindu]] teaching, the Kashmir Valley was once a lake called ''Satisaras,'' the lake of [[Parvati]] (consort of Shiva). Ancient Hindu texts state that the lake was occupied by a [[demon]], Jalodbhava, until [[Lord Vishnu]] assumed the form of a boar and struck the mountain with his molar at Baramulla (ancient Varahamula). He bored an opening in it where the lake water flowed out.<ref name="M. K. Kaw, Kashmir Education, Culture, and Science Society">{{cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=QpjKpK7ywPIC&q=Baramulla+boar&pg=PA6|title=Kashmir and its people: studies in the evolution of Kashmiri society|year=2004|publisher =A.P.H. Publishing Corporation|isbn=9788176485371|quote=That the valley of Kashmir was once a vast lake, known as "Satisaras," the lake of Parvati (consort of Shiva), is enshrined in our traditions. There are many mythological stories connected with the desiccation of the lake, before the valley was fit for habitation. The narratives make it out that it was occupied by a demon 'Jalodbhava,' till Lord Vishnu assumed the form of a boar and struck the mountain at Baramulla (ancient Varahamula) boring an opening in it for the water to flow out.|access-date = 2010-07-01}}</ref>

==History==

===Ancient and medieval===
The city of Baramulla, from which the district derives its name, was founded by Raja Bhimsina in 2306 BCE.

A number of prominent visitors have travelled to Baramulla. These include the Chinese visitor [[Heiun T'Sang]] and the British historian, [[Moorcraft]]. [[Mughal emperors]] had a special fascination for Baramulla. As the gateway of the [[Kashmir Valley]], Baramulla was a stopping place for them during their visits to the valley. [[Jahangir]] also stayed at Baramulla during his visit to Kashmir in 1620 CE.

From the very beginning, Baramulla has been a religious center. The construction of Hindu Teerth and Buddhist Vihars made the city sacred to people of both religions. In the 15th century, the noted Muslim saint, [[Syed Janbaz Wali]], visited the valley along with his companions in 1421 CE. He chose Baramulla as the centre of his mission and was buried here after death. His shrine attracts pilgrims from all over the Valley. In 1620, the sixth Sikh Guru Shri Hargobind visited the city. Baramulla thus became an abode of Hindus, Muslims, Buddhists and Sikhs living in harmony and contributing to a rich composite culture.<ref>[http://baramulla.nic.in/intro/intro.htm Baramulla: District Profile] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120223204737/http://baramulla.nic.in/intro/intro.htm |date=23 February 2012 }}</ref>

It was the oldest and the most important town in the north of princely state of [[Kashmir and Jammu (princely state)|Kashmir and Jammu]]. In the later centuries, until 27 October 1947, it was the 'Gateway of Kashmir Valley' by the [[Rawalpindi]]-[[Murree]]-[[Muzaffarabad]]-Baramulla Road. It became a part of Union of India when the Maharaja, under duress of invasion by Pakistani tribal forces, signed the [[Instrument of Accession (Jammu and Kashmir)|instrument of accession]] on 26 October 1947, which was accepted by India the next day.
Actual area of district Baramulla according to 2018 survey by the centre for remote sensing and gis is 2204.06 km2.{{citation needed|date=February 2021}}

=== Pakistani tribal invasion (1947) ===
{{Further|Indo-Pakistani War of 1947}}

On 2 October 1947, the Working Committee of the [[Jammu & Kashmir National Conference|National Conference]] met under Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah's presidency and decided to support the accession to India, but Maharaja [[Hari Singh]] wanted to remain independent.

A large number of tribals from Pakistan attacked Kashmir under the code name "Operation Gulmarg," intending to seize Kashmir. The invading tribals started moving along [[Rawalpindi]]-[[Murree]]-[[Muzaffarabad]]-Baramulla Road on 22 October 1947 with Pakistani army men in plain clothes. Muzaffarabad fell on 24 October 1947. They reached and captured Baramulla on 25 October. There they stayed for several days looting, raping, and killing residents; burning and plundering homes and businesses; and desecrating and vandalising shrines and temples. They could have reached [[Srinagar]], just 50 km away, and captured its airfield, which was not defended at all. They raped and killed European nuns (only one survived) at Baramulla's St. Joseph convent and Christian nurses at the missionary hospital. This looting, raping, murder and abduction of girls continued for several days.<ref>[http://www.kashmir-information.com/KoshSam/Kashmir_Affairs.html The Story of Kashmir Affairs - A Peep into the Past] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140618193757/http://kashmir-information.com/KoshSam/Kashmir_Affairs.html |date=2014-06-18 }}</ref> It is said that the suffering of Baramulla saved the rest of Kashmir, because airplanes carrying Indian troops airlifted from Delhi on the morning of 27 October could land at Srinagar airfield while the invaders were still at Baramulla.

Charles Chevenix Trench writes in his ''The Frontier Scouts'' (1985):
<blockquote>In October 1947... tribal lashkars hastened in lorries - undoubtedly with official logistic support - into Kashmir... at least one British Officer, Harvey-Kelly took part in the campaign. It seemed that nothing could stop these hordes of tribesmen taking Srinagar with its vital airfield. Indeed nothing did, but their own greed. The Mahsuds in particular stopped to loot, rape and murder; Indian troops were flown in and the lashkars pushed out of the Vale of Kashmir into the mountains. The Mahsuds returned home in a savage mood, having muffed an easy chance, lost the loot of Srinagar and made fools of themselves.</blockquote>

Tom Cooper of Air Combat Information Group wrote:<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.acig.org/artman/publish/article_321.shtml |title=Indo-Pakistani War, 1947-1949 |publisher=Air Combat Information Group |author=Tom Cooper |date=29 October 2003 |access-date=11 April 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060613025308/http://www.acig.org/artman/publish/article_321.shtml |archive-date=13 June 2006 }}</ref>
<blockquote>...the Pathans appeared foremost interested in looting, killing, ransacking and other crimes against the inhabitants instead of a serious military action.</blockquote>

[[Biju Patnaik]] (who later became Chief Minister of [[Odisha]]) piloted the first plane to land at Srinagar airport that morning. He brought 17 soldiers of 1-Sikh regiment commanded by Lt. Col. Dewan Ranjit Rai.
<blockquote>"...The pilot flew low on the airstrip twice to ensure that no raiders were around... Instructions from PM Nehru’s office were clear: If the airport was taken over by the enemy, you are not to land. Taking a full circle the DC-3 flew ground level. Anxious eye-balls peered from inside the aircraft – only to find the airstrip empty. Nary a soul was in sight. The raiders were busy distributing the war booty amongst them in Baramulla."</blockquote>

In the words of Gen Mohammad Akbar Khan (Brigadier-in-Charge, Pakistan, in his book ''War for Kashmir in 1947''): "The uncouth raiders delayed in Baramulla for two (whole) days for some unknown reason."<ref>[http://www.frontlinekashmir.org/2011/10/october-27-1947-dakota-in-my-dell.html 27 October 1947: Dakota in my dell ~ FRONTLINE KASHMIR] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425132919/http://www.frontlinekashmir.org/2011/10/october-27-1947-dakota-in-my-dell.html |date=25 April 2012 }}</ref>

It took two weeks for the Indian army to evict the raiders from Baramulla. Joined by Pakistani regular troops, they had become well-entrenched.

Sheikh [[Sheikh Abdullah|Mohammad Abdullah]] spoke in the UN Security Council on 5 February 1948 thus: "...the raiders came to our land, massacred thousands of people — mostly Hindus and Sikhs, but Muslims, too — abducted thousands of girls, Hindus, Sikhs and Muslims alike, looted our property and almost reached the gates of our summer capital, Srinagar..."

===Recent years===
Roads have been improved and road network has grown considerably in Baramulla town since 1947. New schools and colleges have started and better facilities for education have been created. More bridges on [[Jhelum River|Jhelum river]] have been constructed or planned to connect the old town on the north bank of the river with the new town on the south bank. Decongestion of the old town has been attempted by moving some residents to houses in the new town.

The most recent development has been creation of railway connectivity with Srinagar, [[Anantnag]] and [[Qazigund]] and the planned connectivity with [[Banihal]] and [[Jammu]].

==Administration==
Baramulla district comprises sixteen [[tehsil]]s: [[Pattan]], [[Uri (India)|Uri]], [[Kreeri]], [[Boniyar]], [[Tangmarg]], [[Sopore]], [[Watergam]] Rafiabad, Rohama, [[Dangiwacha]], Bomai, Dangerpora, Khoie(Panzipora), Wagoora, Kunzer, Kwarhama and [[Baramulla]].

This district consists of 26 blocks: Uri, Rohama, Rafiabad, Zaingeer, Sopore, Boniyar, Baramulla, Tangmarg, Singhpora, Pattan, Wagoora, Kunzer, Paranpillian, Bijhama, Norkhah, Narwav, Nadihal, Kandi Rafiabad, Hardchanum, Tujjar Sharief, Sangrama, Sherabad Khore, Lalpora, Wailoo, Khaipora and Chandil Wanigam. Pattan tehsil is the largest tehsil of the district Baramulla and was later split to form a separate Kreeri tehsil.

Pattan Town is situated in the centre of the district between Srinagar and Baramulla cities and is surrounded by villages like Palhalan, Nihalpora Hanjiwera Zangam, Sherpora, Sonium and Yall.<ref>[http://jkrd.nic.in/listAllDistricts.pdf Statement showing the number of blocks in respect of 22 Districts of Jammu and Kashmir State including newly Created Districts] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080910092544/http://jkrd.nic.in/listAllDistricts.pdf |date=10 September 2008 }} dated 2008-03-13, accessed 2008-08-30</ref> Each block consists of a number of [[panchayat]]s.

==Politics==
Baramullah district has seven assembly constituencies: Uri, Rafiabad, Sopore, Sangrama, Baramulla, Gulmarg and Pattan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ceojammukashmir.nic.in/ERos_AERos.html |title=ERO's and AERO's |publisher=Chief Electoral Officer, Jammu and Kashmir |access-date=2008-08-28 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081022185235/http://ceojammukashmir.nic.in/eros_aeros.html |archive-date=2008-10-22 }}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{Bar box
|title=Religion in Baramulla district (2011)<ref name="census2011-C01"/>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{Bar percent|[[Islam]]|#009000|95.15}}
{{Bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|darkorange|3.04}}
{{Bar percent|[[Sikhism]]|darkkhaki|1.47}}
{{Bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.34}}
}}

According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Baramulla district had a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,008,039,<ref name="census2011-C01"/><ref>[http://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/626-baramulla.html Baramula Population Census 2011, Baramula, Jammu and Kashmir literacy sex ratio and density]</ref><ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date = 30 September 2011 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> or 1,015,503,<ref name=census2011>{{cite report|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/prov_data_products_J&K.html |title=Census of India 2011, Provisional Population Totals Paper 1 of 2011 : Jammu & Kashmir |work=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India}} {{cite report |url=https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/data_files/J&K/Annexure%20V.xls |title=Annexure V, Ranking of Districts by Population Size, 2001 - 2011}}</ref> roughly equal to the nation of [[Cyprus]]<ref name="cia">{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | access-date = 2011-10-01 | quote = Cyprus 1,120,489 July 2011 est.
}}</ref> or the US state of [[Montana]].<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|title=2010 Resident Population Data
|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau
|access-date=2011-09-30
|quote=Montana 989,415
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019160532/http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php
|archive-date=19 October 2013
}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 443rd in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> Of the total population, 542,171 (53.4%) were males and 473,332 (46.6%) were females, the [[sex ratio]] being 885 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1,000 males<ref name=districtcensus/> (this varies with religion), a decrease from 905 in 2001 census, and much lower than the national average of 940. The sex ratio for children in 0 to 6 year age group was even less at 866.

The district has a population density of {{convert|305|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}.<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001-2011 was 20.34%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Baramula has a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 66.93%.<ref name=districtcensus/> with male literacy 77.35% and female literacy 55.01%. Total literate in Baramula district were 571,348 of which males and females were 352,289 and 219,059 respectively.

Baramulla town is the largest town in the district and the fourth most-populous town in the state, with a population of 167,986 as per 2011 census.
{{bar box
|title=Sex Ratio in Baramula District in 2011 Census.<ref name="census2011-C01"/> (no. females per 1,000 males)
|float=left
|width=360px
|left1=Religion (and population)
|right1=Sex Ratio
|bars=
{{bar pixel|Muslim (pop 959,185)|green|93.605||936 }}
{{bar pixel|Hindu (pop 30,621)|orange|8.975||90 }}
{{bar pixel|Sikh (pop 14,770)|darkkhaki|62.701||627 }}
{{bar pixel|Other (pop 3,463)|grey|63.195||632 }}
{{bar pixel|Total (pop 1,008,039)|black|88.513||885 }}
}}

{|class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
! colspan=10 | Baramula district: religion, gender ratio, and % urban of population, according to the 2011 Census.<ref name="census2011-C01">{{cite report |title=C-1 Population By Religious Community – Jammu & Kashmir |url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-01/DDW01C-01%20MDDS.XLS |publisher = Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=28 July 2020}}</ref>
|- style="vertical-align:top;"
!|
!| Hindu
!| Muslim
!| Christian
!| Sikh
!| Buddhist
!| Jain
!| Other
!| Not stated
!| Total
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:left;" | Total
|| 30,621 || 959,185 || 1,497 || 14,770 || 140 || 29 || 7 || 1,790 || 1,008,039
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"
|| 3.04% || 95.15% || 0.15% || 1.47% || 0.01% || 0.00% || 0.00% || 0.18% || 100.00%
|-
| colspan=10|
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Male
|| 28,099 || 495,434 || 965 || 9,078 || 115 || 17 || 4 || 1,021 || 534,733
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Female
|| 2,522 || 463,751 || 532 || 5,692 || 25 || 12 || 3 || 769 || 473,306
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Gender ratio (% female)
|| 8.2% || 48.3% || 35.5% || 38.5% || 17.9% || 41.4% || 42.9% || 43.0% || 47.0%
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"
| style="text-align:left;"| Sex ratio (no. of females per 1,000 males)
|| 90 || 936 || 551 || 627 || – || – || – || 753 || 885
|-
| colspan=10|
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Urban
|| 16,378 || 157,176 || 536 || 7,865 || 80 || 7 || 7 || 451 || 182,500
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | Rural
|| 14,243 || 802,009 || 961 || 6,905 || 60 || 22 || 0 || 1,339 || 825,539
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:right;"
| style="text-align:left;" | % Urban
|| 53.5% || 16.4% || 35.8% || 53.2% || 57.1% || 24.1% || 100.0% || 25.2% || 18.1%
|-
|}

{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Languages of Baramulla district (2011 census)<ref name="census2011-C16"/>
|label1 = [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]] |value1 = 82.11 |color1 = lightgreen
|label2 = [[Pahari-Pothwari|Pahari]] |value2 = 9.88 |color2 = pink
|label3 = [[Gujari language|Gojri]] |value3 = 3.45 |color3 = tomato
|label4 = [[Hindi]] |value4 = 1.58 |color4 = yellow
|label5 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] |value5 = 1.26 |color5 = purple
|label6 = Others |value6 = 1.72 |color6 = grey
}}

The most widely spoken language is [[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]] ({{sigfig|82.11|2}}.11% of the population according to the 2011 census), but there are also speakers of [[Pahari language (Kashmir)|Pahari]] (9.88%), [[Gujari language|Gujari]] (3.45%), [[Hindi]] (1.58%) and [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] (1.26%).<ref name="census2011-C16">{{cite report|url=https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0100.XLSX|title=C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Jammu & Kashmir|publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|access-date=18 July 2020}}</ref><ref name="Bhatt">{{cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=tuYsVSY44O0C&q=baramulla+hindi&pg=PA110| title = Land and People of Indian States and Union Territories|author=S.C. Bhatt|author2=Gopal Bhargava| year = 2005| isbn = 9788178353562|quote=As most of these Hindi albeit Gujari speakers have been shown as concentrated in Baramulla, Kupwara, Punch, Rajouri and Doda districts, their Gujar identity becomes obvious. The number of Punjabi speakers in 1961, 1971 and 1981 Census Reports, actually reflects the number of Sikhs who have maintained their language and culture, and who are concentrated mainly in [[Srinagar]], [[Badgam]], Tral, Baramulla (all in Kashmir region), Udhampur and Jammu.|access-date = 2010-07-01}}</ref>

== Geography and Climate ==
The district is spread from Srinagar district and [[Ganderbal district]] in the east to the [[line of control]] in the west, and from [[Kupwara district]] in the north and [[Bandipore district]] in the northwest to [[Poonch district, Jammu and Kashmir|Poonch district]] in the south and [[Badgam district]] in the southwest. Baramulla has cool climate under Köppen climate classification. In winter, generally between December and February, snowfall occurs. Gulmurg is popular destination for tourist all over world.

Baramulla city is located on the banks of [[Jhelum River|Jhelum river]] at the highest point of the river. The old town lies on the north (right) bank of the river and the new town lies on the south (left) bank. They are connected by five bridges, including a suspension bridge connecting Gulnar park with Dewan Bagh.

==Healthcare==
Baramulla has a district civil hospital and a district veterinary hospital with facilities such as [[radiology]] ([[x-ray]]) and [[ultrasonography]]. The hospital has been shifted to a new building with 300 beds in Kanthbagh in March 2013, ( In the Land of Ushkara Baramulla) which was in construction for two decades. St.Joseph's Hospital & Nursing School run by Christian Missionary Nuns<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2013/20130330/kashmir.htm#2 | title=Finally, Baramulla hospital to be shifted to new building | newspaper=The Tribune | location=Kashmir | date=29 March 2013 | access-date=18 April 2018 }}</ref> There are smaller hospitals in other towns of the district and primary health centres at villages in the district. Primary Health Center Ushkara near Jamia Masjid Ushkara under Block Sheeri.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Baramulla district}}
* [http://baramulla.nic.in/ Baramulla district official website]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Baramulla district
|North = [[Kupwara district]]
|Northeast = [[Bandipore district]]
|East = [[Ganderbal district]] [[Srinagar district]]
|Southeast = [[Badgam district]]
|South = [[Poonch district, Jammu and Kashmir|Poonch district]]
|Southwest =
|West = {{flagicon|Pakistan}} [[Azad Kashmir]]
|Northwest =
}}

{{Jammu and Kashmir topics}}
{{Kashmir Valley}}

[[Category:Baramulla district| ]]
[[Category:2005 Kashmir earthquake]]
[[Category:Districts of Jammu and Kashmir]]

Baramulla district - Revision history

JerryTurner844: small refine information for consistency and improved wording

169.149.46.11 at 08:46, 25 September 2021

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