Barabati fort - Revision history

206.84.224.90 at 11:16, 25 December 2022

2022-12-25T11:16:14Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:46, 25 December 2022
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	{{Infobox ~~monument~~		{{Infobox historic site
	\|~~monument_name~~ = Barabati Fort		\|name = Barabati Fort
	\|image = Barabati fort at cuttack.jpg		\|image = Barabati fort at cuttack.jpg
	\|caption = Entrance of Barabati Fort		\|caption = Entrance of Barabati Fort
	\|location = [[Cuttack]]		\|location = [[Cuttack]]
	\|~~designer~~ =		\|founder = Old fort by Marakata Keshari of [[Somavamshi dynasty\|Somavamshi (Keshari) dynasty]]<br /> New fort by King [[Anangabhima Deva III]] of [[Eastern Ganga dynasty]] (1211-1238)
	\|type = [[Fort]]		\|type = [[Fort]]
	~~\|material = Stone~~
	\|length =		\|length =

	\|width =		\|width = 20 meter
	\|height =		\|height = 14.62 meters
	\|~~begin~~ = 989		\|built = 989 CE
	\|complete =		\|complete =
	\|open =		\|open =
	~~\|dedicated_to = King [[Anangabhima Deva III]] of [[Eastern Ganga dynasty]] (1211-1238)~~
	\|image_map = Odisha_locator_map.svg		\|image_map = Odisha_locator_map.svg
	\|map_caption = Barabati Fort		\|map_caption = Barabati Fort
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	}}		}}
	[[File:Barabati Fort , Cuttack 01.jpg\|thumb\|Majestic Main Entrance of Barbati Fort]]		[[File:Barabati Fort , Cuttack 01.jpg\|thumb\|Majestic Main Entrance of Barbati Fort]]
	'''Barabati Fort''' is a ~~13th-century~~ fort built by ~~the rulers~~ of ~~the~~ [[~~Eastern Ganga~~ dynasty]] in [[Cuttack]], [[Odisha]], India. The ruins of the fort remain with its moat, gate, and the earthen mound of the nine-storied palace, which evokes the memories of past days. Today it sits next to the modern [[Barabati Stadium]], the venue of various sport events and cultural programs. There is also a temple dedicated to Katak [[Chandi]], the presiding deity of the city, not far away from the fort. Now there are plans to develop the old Gadakhai into a world class tourist destination with boating facilities and a world class park. The renovation work of the Gadakhai is going on in full swing.		'''Barabati Fort''' is a 989 AD fort built by '''carriminati'''''''''Bold text'''''' of [[tonny kakkar(Keshari) dynasty]] in [[Cuttack]], [[Odisha]].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/travel/Cuttack/Barabati-Fort/ps47642223.cms\|title = Barabati Fort\|website = [[The Times of India]]}}</ref> The ruins of the fort remain with its [[moat]], gate, and the earthen mound of the nine-storied palace, which evokes the memories of past days. Today it sits next to the modern [[Barabati Stadium]], the venue of various sport events and cultural programs. There is also a temple dedicated to Katak [[Chandi]], the presiding deity of the city, not far away from the fort. Now there are plans to develop the old Gadakhai into a world class tourist destination with boating facilities and a world class park. The renovation work of the Gadakhai is going on in full swing.
			[[File:Barabati fort ruins 4.jpg\|thumb\|Barabati fort ]]
			[[File:Panoramic view of Barabati fort.jpg\|thumb\|Panoramic view of Barabati fort]]

	==Location==		==Location==
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	==History==		==History==
			The Barabati was built in 987 CE by the [[Somavamshi dynasty]] lineage ruler Maharaja Markata Keshari while building a stone embankment to protect [[Cuttack]] which was known as Kataka at that time.

	Scholars give different opinions regarding the date of construction of Barabati fort. Madalapanji, the [[Jagannatha]] temple chronicle narrates an interesting story which is as follows.		Scholars give different opinions regarding the date of construction of Barabati fort. Madalapanji, the [[Jagannatha]] temple chronicle narrates an interesting story which is as follows.

	King [[Anangabhima Deva III]] of the [[Eastern Ganga dynasty]] lived in his capital, Chaudwar (1211-1238 A.D.) One day the king crossed the Mahanadi and came towards the southern side. Here he noticed in the Barabati village belonging to the Ko-danda sub-division that near the god [[Shiva\|Visweswar]], a heron had jumped upon a hawk. Seeing this the king was very much surprised and on an auspicious day laid the foundation of construction of the fort and this village was named Barabati Cuttack. And after that he left Choudwar and lived at Cuttack making it his capital.		King [[Anangabhima Deva III]] of the [[Eastern Ganga dynasty]] lived in his capital, [[Choudwar\|Chaudwar]] (1211-1238 A.D.) One day the king crossed the Mahanadi and came towards the southern side. Here he noticed in the Barabati village belonging to the Ko-danda sub-division that near the god [[Shiva\|Visweswar]], a heron had jumped upon a hawk. Seeing this the king was very much surprised and on an auspicious day laid the foundation of construction of the fort and this village was named Barabati Cuttack. And after that he left Choudwar and lived at Cuttack making it his capital.

	In 1568 AD, the city passed to the hands of [[Karrani dynasty\|Karrani]]s of [[Bengal]], then to the [[Mughal Empire]] in 1576<ref>{{cite book\|title=The History of India: The Hindú and Mahometan Periods (Public Domain)\|year=1866\|publisher=Murray\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1VgOAAAAQAAJ\|author=Mountstuart Elphinstone, Edward Byles Cowell}}</ref> and then to the [[Maratha Empire]] in 1741.<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Jaques\|first1=Tony\|title=Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O\|date=2007\|publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]]\|isbn=9780313335389\|page=516\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dh6jydKXikoC&pg=PA516\|language=en}}</ref> Cuttack, with the rest of Odisha, came under [[Company rule in India\|British rule]] in 1803. The [[Bengal-Nagpur Railway\|Bengal-Nagpur Railways]] connected Cuttack with Madras ([[Chennai]]) and Calcutta ([[Kolkata]]) in 1919. It became the ~~capita~~ of the newly formed state of Odisha in 1936 and continued to be so till 1948 when the capital was shifted to [[Bhubaneswar]]. The city completed one thousand years of its existence in 1989.		In 1568 AD, the city passed to the hands of [[Karrani dynasty\|Karrani]]s of [[Bengal]], then to the [[Mughal Empire]] in 1576<ref>{{cite book\|title=The History of India: The Hindú and Mahometan Periods (Public Domain)\|year=1866\|publisher=Murray\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1VgOAAAAQAAJ\|author=Mountstuart Elphinstone, Edward Byles Cowell}}</ref> and then to the [[Maratha Empire]] in 1741.<ref>{{cite book\|last1=Jaques\|first1=Tony\|title=Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O\|date=2007\|publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]]\|isbn=9780313335389\|page=516\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dh6jydKXikoC&pg=PA516\|language=en}}</ref> Cuttack, with the rest of Odisha, came under [[Company rule in India\|British rule]] in 1803. The [[Bengal-Nagpur Railway\|Bengal-Nagpur Railways]] connected Cuttack with Madras ([[Chennai]]) and Calcutta ([[Kolkata]]) in 1919. It became the capital of the newly formed state of Odisha in 1936 and continued to be so till 1948 when the capital was shifted to [[Bhubaneswar]]. The city completed one thousand years of its existence in 1989.

	During the [[Muslim rule of India\|rule of the Muslims]] and the Marathas it continued to be the capital of Odisha. The British army took possession of Barabati fort on October 1803, and it became a prison for confinement of several illustrious rulers of the land. In 1800 the [[Raja]] of [[Kujang, Odisha\|Kujanga]], in 1818 the Raja of [[Surguja district\|Surgaja]] with his family members were kept under strict confinement to this fort. In addition vandalism to destroy the fort was intensified in the early phase of British rule.		During the [[Muslim rule of India\|rule of the Muslims]] and the Marathas it continued to be the capital of Odisha. The British army took possession of Barabati fort on October 1803, and it became a prison for confinement of several illustrious rulers of the land. In 1800 the [[Raja]] of [[Kujang, Odisha\|Kujanga]], in 1818 the Raja of [[Surguja district\|Surgaja]] with his family members were kept under strict confinement to this fort. In addition vandalism to destroy the fort was intensified in the early phase of British rule.
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	==Architecture==		==Architecture==
	[[File:Barabati durga Cuttack Barabati Fort Wide look-4.JPG\|thumb\|Bastions and ramparts of the fort]]		[[File:Barabati durga Cuttack Barabati Fort Wide look-4.JPG\|thumb\|Bastions and ramparts of the fort]]
			[[File:Barabati fort ruins 3.jpg\|thumb\|Barabati fort ruins 3]]
	[[File:South East Corner view of the Elephant stables at Barabati Fort , Cuttack 05.jpg\|thumb\|Barabati Fort - Ruins of the Nine Storied Complex and Elephant Stables]]		[[File:South East Corner view of the Elephant stables at Barabati Fort , Cuttack 05.jpg\|thumb\|Barabati Fort - Ruins of the Nine Storied Complex and Elephant Stables]]
			[[File:Barabati_fort_ruins_2.jpg\|thumb\|Barabati fort ruins ]]
	The fort is square in plan. It spreads over an area of 102 acres and surrounded on all sides with a stone paved moat of 10 Mtr. width in northern and western sides and 20 Mtr. width in the eastern and southern sides. The entire fort wall except the entrance is missing. Since, 1915, in view of its [[Monument of National Importance\|national importance]], the place has been declared as a [[Heritage register\|protected site]] by [[Archaeological Survey of India]].		The fort is square in plan. It spreads over an area of 102 acres and surrounded on all sides with a stone paved moat of 10 Mtr. width in northern and western sides and 20 Mtr. width in the eastern and southern sides. The entire fort wall except the entrance is missing. Since, 1915, in view of its [[Monument of National Importance\|national importance]], the place has been declared as a [[Heritage register\|protected site]] by [[Archaeological Survey of India]].

	At the centre of the fort there was a high mound with a tank in the western side. It spreads over 15/16 acres of area. Now the site is under extensive encroachment. To the east of the mound, there is the Shahi Mosque while in the west of the tank lies the [[Mazar (mausoleum)\|mazar]] of Hazrat Ali Bukhari. In 1989 excavations were carried out by Archaeological Survey of India to ascertain the cultural horizon of the historic fort and the work is still in progress. Excavation by Archaeological survey of India on December 1st 1989 revealed evidence of a palace, a square structure built up of [[Khondalite]] stone. It was built over an area which was carefully prepared by filling up of 5 meter with sand and lime mixture. Trenches dug on the eastern side of the structure revealed 32 pillars built of literate blocks roughly square but varying in size.		At the centre of the fort there was a high mound with a tank in the western side. It spreads over 15/16 acres of area. Now the site is under extensive encroachment. To the east of the mound, there is the Shahi Mosque while in the west of the tank lies the [[Mazar (mausoleum)\|mazar]] of Hazrat Ali Bukhari. In 1989 excavations were carried out by Archaeological Survey of India to ascertain the cultural horizon of the historic fort and the work is still in progress. Excavation by Archaeological survey of India on December 1st 1989 revealed evidence of a palace, a square structure built up of [[Khondalite]] stone. It was built over an area which was carefully prepared by filling up of 5 meter with sand and lime mixture. Trenches dug on the eastern side of the structure revealed 32 pillars built of literate blocks roughly square but varying in size.

			[[File:Mosque inside Barabati fort.jpg\|thumb\|Mosque inside Barabati fort]]

	In the northeastern corner of the mound remains of a temple have been found. Excavation on the eastern and southern side of the mound revealed the existence of a citadel wall built of laterite blocks.<ref>Orissa Historical Research Journal, Vol. XLVII. No. 2. [[Utkal University]]. 18 April 2016</ref>		In the northeastern corner of the mound remains of a temple have been found. Excavation on the eastern and southern side of the mound revealed the existence of a citadel wall built of laterite blocks.<ref>Orissa Historical Research Journal, Vol. XLVII. No. 2. [[Utkal University]]. 18 April 2016</ref>
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	[[Category:Buildings and structures in Cuttack]]		[[Category:Buildings and structures in Cuttack]]
	[[Category:Forts in Odisha]]		[[Category:Forts in Odisha]]
	[[Category:Monuments ~~and memorials~~ in Odisha]]		[[Category:Monuments of National Importance in Odisha]]
	[[Category:~~Monuments of National Importance~~ in ~~India by state~~]]		[[Category:Tourist attractions in Cuttack district]]

>Jagatjitpanda69 at 10:18, 27 June 2021

2021-06-27T10:18:11Z

New page

{{moresources|date=May 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox monument
|monument_name = Barabati Fort
|image = Barabati fort at cuttack.jpg
|caption = Entrance of Barabati Fort
|location = [[Cuttack]]
|designer =
|type = [[Fort]]
|material = Stone
|length =

|width =
|height =
|begin = 989
|complete =
|open =
|dedicated_to = King [[Anangabhima Deva III]] of [[Eastern Ganga dynasty]] (1211-1238)
|image_map = Odisha_locator_map.svg
|map_caption = Barabati Fort
|map_width = 250px
|coordinates = {{Coord|20|29|4.67|N|85|51|51.93|E|region:IN|display=inline,title}}
|extra =
}}
[[File:Barabati Fort , Cuttack 01.jpg|thumb|Majestic Main Entrance of Barbati Fort]]
'''Barabati Fort''' is a 13th-century fort built by the rulers of the [[Eastern Ganga dynasty]] in [[Cuttack]], [[Odisha]], India. The ruins of the fort remain with its moat, gate, and the earthen mound of the nine-storied palace, which evokes the memories of past days. Today it sits next to the modern [[Barabati Stadium]], the venue of various sport events and cultural programs. There is also a temple dedicated to Katak [[Chandi]], the presiding deity of the city, not far away from the fort. Now there are plans to develop the old Gadakhai into a world class tourist destination with boating facilities and a world class park. The renovation work of the Gadakhai is going on in full swing.

==Location==
This [[medieval]] fort is situated at {{coord|20|29|1.32|N|85|52|3.36|E|region:IN_type:landmark|display=inline}}, about 8 km away from the center of the [[Cuttack]], at the apex of a delta formed by the river [[Mahanadi river|Mahanadi]] on the north and its [[distributary]], the [[Kathajodi]] on the south, and is located at 14.62 metres above sea level.

==History==
Scholars give different opinions regarding the date of construction of Barabati fort. Madalapanji, the [[Jagannatha]] temple chronicle narrates an interesting story which is as follows.

King [[Anangabhima Deva III]] of the [[Eastern Ganga dynasty]] lived in his capital, Chaudwar (1211-1238 A.D.) One day the king crossed the Mahanadi and came towards the southern side. Here he noticed in the Barabati village belonging to the Ko-danda sub-division that near the god [[Shiva|Visweswar]], a heron had jumped upon a hawk. Seeing this the king was very much surprised and on an auspicious day laid the foundation of construction of the fort and this village was named Barabati Cuttack. And after that he left Choudwar and lived at Cuttack making it his capital.

In 1568 AD, the city passed to the hands of [[Karrani dynasty|Karrani]]s of [[Bengal]], then to the [[Mughal Empire]] in 1576<ref>{{cite book|title=The History of India: The Hindú and Mahometan Periods (Public Domain)|year=1866|publisher=Murray|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1VgOAAAAQAAJ|author=Mountstuart Elphinstone, Edward Byles Cowell}}</ref> and then to the [[Maratha Empire]] in 1741.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jaques|first1=Tony|title=Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O|date=2007|publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]]|isbn=9780313335389|page=516|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Dh6jydKXikoC&pg=PA516|language=en}}</ref> Cuttack, with the rest of Odisha, came under [[Company rule in India|British rule]] in 1803. The [[Bengal-Nagpur Railway|Bengal-Nagpur Railways]] connected Cuttack with Madras ([[Chennai]]) and Calcutta ([[Kolkata]]) in 1919. It became the capita of the newly formed state of Odisha in 1936 and continued to be so till 1948 when the capital was shifted to [[Bhubaneswar]]. The city completed one thousand years of its existence in 1989.

During the [[Muslim rule of India|rule of the Muslims]] and the Marathas it continued to be the capital of Odisha. The British army took possession of Barabati fort on October 1803, and it became a prison for confinement of several illustrious rulers of the land. In 1800 the [[Raja]] of [[Kujang, Odisha|Kujanga]], in 1818 the Raja of [[Surguja district|Surgaja]] with his family members were kept under strict confinement to this fort. In addition vandalism to destroy the fort was intensified in the early phase of British rule.

==Architecture==
[[File:Barabati durga Cuttack Barabati Fort Wide look-4.JPG|thumb|Bastions and ramparts of the fort]]
[[File:South East Corner view of the Elephant stables at Barabati Fort , Cuttack 05.jpg|thumb|Barabati Fort - Ruins of the Nine Storied Complex and Elephant Stables]]
The fort is square in plan. It spreads over an area of 102 acres and surrounded on all sides with a stone paved moat of 10 Mtr. width in northern and western sides and 20 Mtr. width in the eastern and southern sides. The entire fort wall except the entrance is missing. Since, 1915, in view of its [[Monument of National Importance|national importance]], the place has been declared as a [[Heritage register|protected site]] by [[Archaeological Survey of India]].

At the centre of the fort there was a high mound with a tank in the western side. It spreads over 15/16 acres of area. Now the site is under extensive encroachment. To the east of the mound, there is the Shahi Mosque while in the west of the tank lies the [[Mazar (mausoleum)|mazar]] of Hazrat Ali Bukhari. In 1989 excavations were carried out by Archaeological Survey of India to ascertain the cultural horizon of the historic fort and the work is still in progress. Excavation by Archaeological survey of India on December 1st 1989 revealed evidence of a palace, a square structure built up of [[Khondalite]] stone. It was built over an area which was carefully prepared by filling up of 5 meter with sand and lime mixture. Trenches dug on the eastern side of the structure revealed 32 pillars built of literate blocks roughly square but varying in size.

In the northeastern corner of the mound remains of a temple have been found. Excavation on the eastern and southern side of the mound revealed the existence of a citadel wall built of laterite blocks.<ref>Orissa Historical Research Journal, Vol. XLVII. No. 2. [[Utkal University]]. 18 April 2016</ref>

The ruins of the old Barabati Fort lie on the right bank of the Mahanadi, in the western part of the city. All that remains of the Fort is an arched gateway and the earthen mound of the nine-storeyed palace. Archaeological surveys reveal that the Fort was roughly rectangular in structure having an area of over {{convert|102|acre|km2}}, and it was surrounded on all sides by a wall of [[laterite]] and [[sandstones]]. To the west of the mound there is a tank. In the north-eastern corner of the mound are remains of what once was a temple. The temple was made of whitish sandstone over foundations of laterite blocks. About four hundred fragments of mouldings and some mutilated pieces of sculptures have been recovered so far. This temple of the Ganga period containing a stone idol of Lord [[Jagannath]] is in ruins. A mosque built by Nawab [[Murshid Quli Khan]], governor of Emperor [[Aurangzeb]] in 1719 AD still exists.

==See also==
*[[List of Monuments of National Importance in Odisha]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
* History of Odisha by [[K.C. Panigrahi]]

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110914094301/http://www.mustseeindia.com/Cuttack-Barabati-Fort/attraction/11540 Barabati Fort, Cuttack]
* [http://www.bharatonline.com/orissa/cuttack/barabati-fort.html Barabati Fort]

{{Forts in India}}

[[Category:Buildings and structures in Cuttack]]
[[Category:Forts in Odisha]]
[[Category:Monuments and memorials in Odisha]]
[[Category:Monuments of National Importance in India by state]]