>Shivansh Rana: /* Awards */

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{{EngvarB|date=April 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2015}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Bandini
| image = Bandini(1963film).jpg
| image_size =
| caption =
| director = [[Bimal Roy]]
| producer = Bimal Roy
| based_on = {{based on|''Tamasi''|[[Charu Chandra Chakrabarti]]}}
| writer = [[Nabendu Ghosh]] (screenplay) Paul Mahendra (dialogue)
| starring = [[Nutan]] [[Ashok Kumar]] [[Dharmendra]]
| music = [[Sachin Dev Burman]] [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]](lyrics) [[Gulzar (lyricist)|Gulzar]] (lyrics)
| cinematography = [[Kamal Bose]]
| editing = Madhu Prabhavalkar
| distributor = [[Yash Raj Films]]
| released = {{Film date|1963}}
| studio = Mohan Studios, Mumbai
| runtime = 157 minutes
| country = India
| language = Hindi
| budget =
| gross =
}}

'''''Bandini''''' ([[Hindi]]: बन्दिनी, translation: ''Imprisoned'') is a [[List of Bollywood films of 1963|1963]] [[Hindi]] drama film directed and produced by [[Bimal Roy]], the man who directed classics such as ''[[Do Bigha Zameen]]'' and ''[[Devdas (1955 film)|Devdas]]''. Bandini stars [[Nutan]], giving one of the finest performances of her career, along with [[Ashok Kumar]] and [[Dharmendra]] as leads, and explores the human conflicts of love and hate intertwined in the mind of Kalyani ([[Nutan]]). The lead female role was offered to one of Roy's favourite actresses [[Vyjayanthimala]], who earlier worked with Roy in ''[[Devdas (1955 film)|Devdas]]'' and ''[[Madhumati]]''.<ref>{{cite news|url =http://www.tribuneindia.com/2011/20111127/spectrum/book5.htm |title =From Naagin to nritya |author =Nonika Singh |newspaper = [[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]] |date =27 November 2011 |access-date = 24 March 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url =http://www.indianexpress.com/news/down-memory-lane/874591/0 | title =Down Memory Lane | newspaper = [[The Indian Express]] | date =12 November 2011 | access-date = 14 June 2013}}</ref> However, due to her busy schedule she refused the role, which later went to Nutan, who had worked with Roy in ''[[Sujata (1959 film)|Sujata]]'' (1959).<ref>{{cite news|url =http://www.indianexpress.com/news/down-memory-lane/874591/0 |title =Down Memory Lane |newspaper =[[The Indian Express]] |date =12 November 2011 |access-date = 24 March 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url =http://dailypostindia.com/news/1995-of-films-and-memories.html |title =Of films and memories... |author =Jyoti Sharma |publisher =DailyPost.com |access-date =24 March 2012 |url-status =dead |archive-url =https://archive.is/20120708114621/http://dailypostindia.com/news/1995-of-films-and-memories.html |archive-date =8 July 2012 |df =dmy-all }}</ref> The movie tells the story of a woman prisoner serving life imprisonment for murder, Kalyani, the all suffering, selfless, sacrificing and strong, yet weak Indian woman. She must make a choice between two very different men, Devendra (Dharmendra), the loving prison doctor, and Bikash (Ashok Kumar), a man from her past.<ref name=ency>[https://books.google.com/books?id=8y8vN9A14nkC&pg=PT623&dq=Bandini+1963+film&lr=#v=onepage&q=Bandini%201963%20film&f=false Nutan] ''Encyclopaedia of Hindi cinema'', by Gulzar, Govind Nihalani, Saibal Chatterjee (Encyclopædia Britannica (India)). Popular Prakashan, 2003. {{ISBN|8179910660}}. ''P. 80, P. 599''.</ref>

The film is based on the Bengali novel ''Tamasi'' by Jarasandha (Charu Chandra Chakrabarti), a former jail superintendent who spent much of his career as a jailor in Northern Bengal, and wrote many fictional versions of his experiences.

Bandini was the tenth [[Bollywood films of 1963#Highest grossing|highest grosser of the year]] and was declared a 'Semi Hit' at Box Office India,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=169&catName=MTk2Mw== |title=Box Office 1963 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100212164010/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=169&catName=MTk2Mw== |archive-date=12 February 2010 }} Box Office India.</ref> though it received not just critical acclaim, but also swept that year's [[Filmfare Award]]s, winning six awards in all, including the top awards of Best Film and Best Director, as well as Best Actress, and is still considered a landmark movie of the 1960s, especially being the last feature film of the director Bimal Roy, a master of realism.<ref name=bhag>{{cite book |title=So many cinemas: the motion picture in India|author=Bhagwan Das Garg|publisher=Eminence Designs|year=1996|isbn=81-900602-1-X |page=155|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wXRZAAAAMAAJ&q=Bandini+ }}</ref><ref>[http://www.rediff.com/movies/2008/nov/26sd4-landmark-films-of-the-60s.htm Landmark films of the 60s] [[Rediff.com]] Movies.</ref>

== Overview ==
A female-centric movie, one of the rare ones in Indian movies, Bandini revolves around Kalyani or Bandini, literally meaning imprisoned. It is also the only film to have depicted the sacrifice made by ordinary rural women during the [[Indian independence struggle]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Cinema and the Indian freedom struggle: covering the subcontinent|author=Gautam Kaul|publisher=Sterling Publishers|year=1998|isbn=81-207-2116-0|page=64 }}</ref>

This was Bimal Roy's final feature as a director and regarded by many as his crowning achievement. After casting her, in his previous women-centric film ''[[Sujata (1959 film)|Sujata]]'' (1959), now the key laid in persuading Nutan out of her post-nuptial retirement to play the strictly raised, poetry-loving village girl, Kalyani. Nutan is strongly supported by Ashok Kumar and Dharmendra, just beginning to make an impact in the film industry and directed by award-winning director [[Bimal Roy]], who ventures into the life of a convict and reveals his/her humanity and the circumstances that often force an ordinary person to commit a crime. This deep social concern is however conveyed subtly without being didactic, through the predicament of the main protagonist, Kalyani lodged in the prison through the majority of the film and her longing for freedom. The film also highlights the spirit of sacrifice in the youth during the freedom struggle when a youth would even sacrifice his future wife, at his party's command. Despite having a dramatic turn of events throughout the film, the melodrama never overpowers the narrative, the pace remains engrossing yet easy, and cinematography highlights the stillness and vacuum of prison life. Nutan remains understated through the film, and the director employs irony and symbolism throughout the film to make his statement instead.<ref name=ency /><ref>[http://www.planetbollywood.com/displayReview.php?id=032906031935 Bandini Review] planetbollywood.</ref>

[[S. D. Burman]] composed the songs for the film, at the height of his musical career and even chose to sing one himself; "Mere Saajan Hain Uss Paar". The movie has songs such as "Mora Gora Ang Lai Le" by Lata and the haunting and brilliant "O Jaanewale Ho Sake To Laut Ke Aana" by Mukesh. The film is brilliantly photographed in black and white by [[Kamal Bose]], with its rich tonal quality and evocative framing, especially in the stark prison scenes, winning him the Filmfare Award for the year.<ref name=hin /> It was noted for its use of black and white film, to bring "texture and form in simplicity mixed with richness", especially in the way he captured the prison environment.<ref>{{cite book |title=100 Bollywood films|author=Rachel Dwyer|publisher=Lotus Collection, Roli Books |year=2005|isbn=8174364331 |page=41 }}</ref>

== Plot ==
The film is set in a prison in around 1934 in pre-Independence India,<ref name=tri /> where Kalyani is serving life imprisonment prison for committing a murder, and we learn the circumstances of her crime in [[Flashback (narrative)|flashback]] as she divulges it to the jailor. The film is set in [[Bengal]] in the 1930s, during the [[British Raj]], where Kalyani ([[Nutan]]) is the daughter of the postmaster (Raja Paranjpe) of the village, who falls in love with a freedom fighter, Bikash ([[Ashok Kumar]]), who later leaves her in the village promising to come back but never does. Society treats them harshly. Broken by her father's misery and that of her own, Kalyani moves to the city, to the singing of the sad song "O Jaanewale Ho Sake To Laut Ke Aana". In the city, she works as a caretaker of an obnoxious and mentally unstable woman, who turns out to be the wife of Bikash. Kalyani learns that her father came to the city looking for her and died in an accident. That prompts her to poison her lover's wife, identifying her as the cause of her miseries in a moment of insane rage. Director Bimalda captures her emotions as she resolves to commit the crime, with light and darkness falling on her face due to a welder's torch and the thumping of iron in the background, and the ambient sounds as she inches towards the decision, pumping vigorously into a kerosene stove, without uttering a single word through it all. And subsequently confesses to the crime with equal passion.

Back from the flashback in the jail, Deven ([[Dharmendra]]), the jail doctor falls in love with her. Kalyani is not ready for it and starts to stay away from him. They are always shown with a partition in between after Deven proposes her. Another symbolism used in the movie is the occasional shouting of "All is well" by the prison guard when nothing in the movie is; and just as Kalyani is leaving prison for good, she receives yet another ironic message from a jail official, "Ab ghar grihasthi ki jail mein qaid rahogi!" Now you will be imprisoned in the jail of household! In the end, she finds Bikash at a ship harbour where she finds him in an ill condition. She then decides to take care of Bikash and her love is again reborn.

The lines "Main Bandini Piya ki, Main Sangini Hoon Saajan ki" in the end score of the movie tells us that Kalyani is imprisoned by her love, thus revealing the title of the film. "Mere Saajan Hain us Paar" is sung by the musician [[S. D. Burman]] himself, this climactic song beautifully expresses Kalyani's dilemma of having to choose between Bikash and Deven. Thus the character of Kalyani gets lifted from that of a woman who is a prisoner of destiny to one who defines her own freedom.<ref>[http://www.letstalkaboutbollywood.com/article-31578257.html Bandini: Bandini, Bimal Roy's ode to purity] Let's talk about Bollywood!.</ref>

== Cast ==
* [[Ashok Kumar]] as Bikash Ghosh
* [[Nutan Behl]] as Kalyani
* [[Dharmendra]] as Devendra (Prison Doctor)
* Raja Paranjpe as Kalyani's Father
* [[Tarun Bose]] as Mahesh Chandra
* [[Asit Sen (actor)|Asit Sen]] as Shambu
* Chandrima Bhaduri – Jail warden
* Moni Chatterjee – Inspector
* Kanu Roy as Dr. Verma, Manorama Nursing Home
* [[Sulochana Latkar]]
* [[Hiralal (actor)|Hiralal]] as Superintendent
* [[Iftekhar (actor)|Iftekhar]]
* [[Bela Bose]]
* [[Satyendra Kapoor]]
* [[Sulochana Chatterjee]] as Devendra's mother
* Raj Verma

== Production ==
;Writing
The screenplay of the film was written by [[Nabendu Ghosh]], who had previously done the Bimal Roy films ''[[Devdas (1955 film)|Devdas]]'' (1955) and ''[[Sujata (1959 film)|Sujata]]'' (1959). It was based on the story ''Tamasi'' by [[Jarasandha (author)|Jarasandha]], pen name of Charu Chandra Chakraborty, a former jail superintendent who wrote many stories based on his career as a jailor in Northern Bengal, including many fictional versions of his experiences, ''Louha-Kapat'' (1953), ''Tamasha'' (1958) and ''Nyaydanda'' (1961), effective creating a new genre in [[Bengali literature]] of prison stories.<ref name=bhag /><ref name=tri>{{cite news |title=Life behind bars |url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2013/20130303/spectrum/main4.htm#1 |author=Shoma A. Chatterji|newspaper=The Tribune |date=3 March 2013 |access-date=28 April 2013}}</ref><ref name=up />

The principal photography of the film took place at Mohan Studios in Mumbai, with some parts in [[Naini Central Prison|Naini Central Jail]], [[Yerwada Central Jail]] and [[Bhagalpur]] Central Jail, and the climax scene on the banks of the [[Ganga River]] at [[Sahibganj]], in present Jharkhand.<ref>Film opening credits, 2:34.</ref>

== Crew ==
* Assistant director: Mukul Dutt, [[Gulzar (lyricist)|Gulzar]], Raghunath Jhalani, Debabrata Sengupta
* Art Direction: [[Sudhendu Roy]]
* Set Decoration: Shanker Kurade
* Sound recordist: Dinshaw Billimoria
* Music assistant: [[Rahul Dev Burman]]
* Costumes: Kishan B Damania

== Music ==
{{Infobox album|
| name = Bandini
| type = soundtrack
| artist = [[S. D. Burman]]
| cover =
| caption =
| alt =
| released = 1963 (India)
| recorded =
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Film soundtrack]]
| length =
| label = [[EMI Records]]
| producer = S. D. Burman
| prev_title = Meri Surat Teri Ankhen
| prev_year = 1963
| next_title = Ziddi
| next_year = 1964
}}

The soundtrack includes the following tracks, composed by [[S. D. Burman]], with lyrics by [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.earthmusic.net/hindi-film-songs.php?movie=Bandini |title=Bandini 1963 songs |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100621122324/http://www.earthmusic.net/hindi-film-songs.php?movie=Bandini |archive-date=21 June 2010 }}</ref> The film also marks the debut of [[Gulzar (lyricist)|Gulzar]], who was working as an assistant director on the film as a film lyricist, initially having refused Bimal Roy on the offering, saying that he didn't want to become a lyricist, Gulzar relented only after the film's music director [[S.D. Burman]] convinced him so, and he wrote the song "Mora Gora Ang Lai Le" in five days. The rest of lyrics are by [[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]], who gave classics like the haunting "Mere Sajan Hain Us Paar" in the bardic voice of S.D. Burman himself, Mukesh's sad song "O Jaanewale Ho Sake", where Burman uses ''[[Bhatiyali]]'' with a variation.<ref name=hin>[http://beta.thehindu.com/arts/movies/article27375.ece Bandini (1963)]{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} [[The Hindu]], 1 October 2009.</ref><ref name=up>[http://www.upperstall.com/films/1963/bandini Bandini Review] Upperstall.com</ref>

Though the movie features excellent songs, they all depict the situation like nothing else could, like a prisoner singing an ode to an imprisoned bird, "O Panchhi Pyare", sung by Asha Bhosle and Asha Bhosle's touching "Ab ke Baras Bhej Bhaiya ko Babul" composed in [[Raga]] [[Pilu]], excellently uses the folk idiom of a traditional song of a newly married girl longing for her maternal home, (''maika''), but being sung by a prison inmate of Kalyani, immediately conveys the irony in its placement.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ZI1wqkWsIjYC&pg=PA371&dq=Bandini+1963+film#v=onepage&q=&f=false Ab Ke Baras] ''Hindi Film Song: Music Beyond Boundaries'', by Ashok Da. Ranade. Publisher:Bibliophile South Asia, 2006. {{ISBN|81-85002-64-9}}. ''p. 371''.</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
! Song !! Singer (s)
!Lyricist
|-
|"Mora Gora Ang Laile"
| [[Lata Mangeshkar]]
|[[Gulzar]]
|-
|"Jogi Jabse Tu Aaya"
| Lata Mangeshkar
| rowspan="6" |[[Shailendra (lyricist)|Shailendra]]
|-
|"O Janewale Ho Sake To Laut Ke Aana"
| [[Mukesh (singer)|Mukesh]]
|-
|"O Panchhi Pyare Sanjh Sakare"
|[[Asha Bhosle]]
|-
|"Ab Ke Baras Bhejo"
|Asha Bhosle
|-
|"O Mere Majhi Mere Sajan Hai"
| [[S. D. Burman]]
|-
|"Mat Ro Mata Lal Tere"
|[[Manna Dey]]
|}

== Awards ==
* [[11th National Film Awards]]
**[[National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi|Best Feature Film in Hindi]]<ref>{{cite book|title=International film prizes: an encyclopedia|author=Tad Bentley Hammer|publisher=Garland|year=1991|isbn=0-8240-7099-2|page=[https://archive.org/details/internationalfil00hamm/page/223 223]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/internationalfil00hamm/page/223}}</ref><ref name="11thaward">{{cite web|url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm11thNFAAward.aspx|title=11th National Film Awards|publisher=[[International Film Festival of India]]|access-date=13 September 2011|archive-url=https://archive.today/20170502124428/http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm11thNFAAward.aspx|archive-date=2 May 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
* [[11th Filmfare Awards]]
** [[Filmfare Award for Best Film|Best Film]]
** [[Filmfare Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]: [[Nutan]]
** [[Filmfare Award for Best Director|Best Director]]: [[Bimal Roy]]
** [[Filmfare Award for Best Cinematographer|Best Cinematographer]]: [[Kamal Bose]]
** [[Filmfare Award for Best Sound|Best Sound]]: Dinshaw Billimoria
** [[Filmfare Best Story Award|Best Story]]: [[Jarasandha]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
* '''{{cite web |title=Bandini: A woman's passion |author=Dinesh Raheja|url=http://www.rediff.com/entertai/2002/feb/28dinesh.htm |date= 28 February 2002|publisher=Rediff |author-link=Dinesh Raheja}}'''
* {{cite book |title=Bimal Roy: The Man who spoke in pictures |author=Rinki Roy Bhattacharya |author-link=Rinki Bhattacharya |publisher=Penguin UK |year=2009|isbn=978-8184758184 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7tq4aVRUoDcC&q=Bandini+1963&pg=PT113 |ref=Bh }}

== External links ==
* [https://archive.is/20130414073631/http://www.bimalroy.org/bandini.html Bandini] at Bimal Roy Online Museum
* {{IMDb title|0056850|Bandini}}
* {{amg movie|136999|Bandini}}

{{Bimal Roy}}
{{National Film Award Best Feature Film Hindi}}
{{FilmfareAwardBestFilm 1961–1980}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bandini (1963 Film)}}
[[Category:Indian films]]
[[Category:1960s Hindi-language films]]
[[Category:Indian black-and-white films]]
[[Category:Films scored by S. D. Burman]]
[[Category:Films directed by Bimal Roy]]
[[Category:1963 drama films]]
[[Category:1963 films]]
[[Category:Indian prison films]]
[[Category:Films based on Indian novels]]
[[Category:Social realism in film]]
[[Category:Films set in the 1930s]]
[[Category:Films shot in Mumbai]]
[[Category:Best Hindi Feature Film National Film Award winners]]

Bandini (film) - Revision history

>Shivansh Rana: /* Awards */