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{{short description|14th and 15th-century Indian Sufi saint}}
{{more citations needed|date=August 2016}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
{{Infobox religious biography
| religion = [[Islam]]
| era = [[Islamic golden age]]
| image = Gulbarga-Dargah-maingate.JPG
| caption = [[Dargah]] of Banda Nawaz
| name = Muhammad Al-Hussaini
| birth_date = 7 August 1321
| birth_place = [[Delhi]], [[Delhi Sultanate]]
| death_date = 1 November 1422 (aged 101)
| death_place = [[Gulbarga Fort]], [[Gulbarga]], [[Bahmani Sultanate]]
| denomination = [[Sunni]]
| jurisprudence = [[Hanafi]]
| creed = [[Maturidi]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Nawaz|first=Bande|title=Tafseer-Al-Multaqat|publisher=Maktabah Nafais al-Quran|pages=6|volume=1}}</ref>
| ethnicity = [[Arab]]
| main_interests = [[Sufism]]
| influences = Disciple of [[Nasiruddin Chiragh Dehlavi]]
| influenced = [[Sufism]]
}}
'''Muhammad bin Yousuf Al Hussaini''' (7 August 1321 − 10 November 1422), commonly known as '''Banda Nawaz Gaisu Daraz''', was a [[Hanafi]] [[Maturidi]] scholar and [[Sufi]] saint from [[India]] of the [[Chishti Order]], who advocated understanding, tolerance and harmony among religions.

Gaisu Daraz was a disciple and then successor of Sufi saint [[Nasiruddin Chiragh Dehlavi]]. When he moved to [[Daulatabad, Maharashtra|Daulatabad]] around 1400, owing to the [[Timur (Tamerlane)#Indian campaign|attack]] of [[Timur]] on Delhi, he took the Chishti Order to [[South India]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=vAdbCq8HQBIC&pg=PA111&lpg=PA111&dq=Nasiruddin+Chirag+-i-+Delhi&source=web&ots=aOZIh9Ffei&sig=8QEQTLeDGAM6O2cBiFx-gPaAwQE&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=9&ct=result Jihad in the East: A Crescent Over Delhi] ''The Shade of Swords: Jihad and the Conflict Between Islam and Christianity'', by [[M. J. Akbar]]. Routledge, 2002. {{ISBN|0-415-28470-8}}. Page 111.</ref> He finally settled down in [[Gulbarga]], at the invitation of [[Bahmani Sultanate|Bahmani Sultan]], [[Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah]].<ref name=ur>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071206115933/http://www.hindu.com/2007/11/27/stories/2007112760780600.htm Urs-e-Sharief of Khwaja Bande Nawaz in Gulbarga from tomorrow] "[[The Hindu]]", 27 November 2007.</ref>

==Biography==
[[File:Sufi Hazrath Khwaja Banda Nawaz(RA).JPG|thumb|Dargah Entrance]]
[[File:Gulbarga-Dargah.JPG|thumb|Dargah entrance]]
Banda Nawaz was born to Syed walShareef Muhammad bin Yousuf AlHussaini in Delhi in 1321. At the age of four, his family shifted to [[Daulatabad, Maharashtra|Daulatabad]] in Deccan (now in [[Maharashtra]]). In 1397, he went to [[Gulbarga]], [[Deccan Plateau|Deccan]] (presently in [[Karnataka]]) at the invitation of Sultan [[Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah]].

At the age fifteen, he returned to Delhi for his education and training by [[Nasiruddin Chiragh Dehlavi]]. He was also a very enthusiastic student of Kethli, Tajuddin Bahadur and Qazi Abdul Muqtadir. After teaching at various places such as [[Delhi]], [[Mewat]], [[Gwalior]], [[Chander]], Aircha, [[Chatra]], [[Chanderi]], Miandhar, [[Baroda]], Khambayat and [[Gulbarga]] in 1397 and died in Gulbarga in the year November 1422.

His name as well as patronymic was Abul-Fatah and Gaisu Daraz was his title. Among the scholars and theologians he was Sheikh Abul-Fatah Sadr Uddin Muhammad Dehlavi but people called him Khwaja Banda Nawaz Gaisu Daraaz.
{{Sufism}}

==Parentage==
He is a descendant of Ali.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://alhassanain.com/urdu/book/book/history_library/various_books/zaidi_sadaat/012.html|title=شجرہ مبارک|website=alhassanain.com|access-date=2016-08-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.al-arif.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=574:shajra-tul-ashraaf&catid=134:seerat-section&Itemid=92|title=Shajra Tul Ashraaf|last=Administrator|website=www.al-arif.org|access-date=2016-08-14}}</ref> His forefathers resided in Hirat. One of them came to Delhi and settled down here. His father Syed walShareef Muhammad bin Yousuf was born here on 4, Rajab, 721 Hijri. His father Syed walShareef Yousuf bin Muhammad AlHussaini was a holy figure and devoted to [[Nizam Uddin Aulia]].

Sultan Muhammad-bin Tughlaq once transferred his capital to Daulatabad (Devgiri) and along with him went many scholars, theologians, and mystics. His parents also migrated to the place. He was four years at the time Malik-ul-Umar Syed Ibrahim Mustafa AlHashmi, his maternal uncle, was the governor of Daulatabad.

==In Delhi==
His father died when he was fifteen. He had heard a lot about Nizam Uddin Auliya and Nasir Uddin Roshan Chiragh Dehlavi from his father and maternal grand father and grew devoted to them. One day he went to perform his prayer in the Jama-Masjid of Sultan Qutub Uddin, there he saw Sheikh Nasir Uddin Mahmud Chiragh Dehlavi and pledged obedience to him on 16, Rajab. Under the guidance of Nasir Uddin Chiragh Dehlavi he engaged himself in prayers and meditation and so much enjoyed them that he forbade studies and requested his teacher to allow him to do so. Nasir Uddin denied him permission and instructed him to study with attention Usool-e-Bizoori, Risals Shamsia, Kashaf, Misbah so he restarted the studies under the guidance of renowned teachers.

AlHussaini left Delhi on December 17, 1398, because the city was under siege by [[Timur]] and its fall was imminent.<ref>{{Cite book|title=A Social History of The Deccan 1300–1761, Eight Indian Lives|last=Eaton|first=Richard|publisher=Cambridge University Press|year=2005|isbn=978-0-521-51442-2|location=New Delhi}}</ref>

==Title Gesu-Daraaz==
One day he with other disciples lifted the [[palanquin]] bearing Nasir Uddin. His long hair stuck into the foot of the palki and pained him severely but he did not disentangle them for love and respect to the teacher. When Nasir Uddin learned of the episode, he was overjoyed and recited the Persian couplet:

"Har ki murid Syed gesu daraaz shud Vallah khilaf-e-nest ki Uoo ishq baaz shud." ("Syed Gesu Daraaz has pledged his obedience; there is nothing wrong in it because he has deeply fallen in love.")

He thus gained the title "Gesu Daraaz".

==In Gulbarga==
Having lived for over forty years in Delhi, he moved to Gulbarga at the age of around 76. Firoz Shah Bahmani ruled over the Deccan during this period. He gave him much respect. For a long time he was engaged in religious discourses, sermons, and spiritual training of the people. He stay in Gulbarga for 24 years

==Death==
Bande Nawaz died aged 101 on 16 [[Dhu al-Qadah]] 825 Hijri in Gulbarga and was buried there. His tomb is a place of Ziyaarat,

==Works==
Bande Nawaz wrote 195 books in [[Arabic]], [[Persian language|Persian]] and [[Urdu]].<ref name=ur/> His ''[[masterpiece|magnum opus]]'', ''Tafseer Multaqat'', was compiled into one book very recently.{{When| date= May 2012}} He also composed a book on the [[Muhammad|Prophet of Islam]] titled ''Miraj-al Ashiqin'' for the instruction of the masses in [[Dakhni]], a South Indian branch of the Urdu language. He was the first Sufi to use this vernacular which was elaborated upon by many other Sufi saints of South India in later centuries.<ref>Mystical Dimensions of Islam By Annemarie Schimmel, Pg 351</ref> He wrote many treatises on the works on [[Ibn Arabi]] and [[Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi|Suhrawardi]], which made the works of these scholars accessible to Indian scholars and played a major role in influencing later mystical thought.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Irfan Habib|first=S.|date=October 2002|title=Book reviews and notices : M.T. ANSARI, ed., Secularism, Islam and modernity. Selected essays of Alam Khundmiri. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2001. 308 pp. Notes, index. Rs. 250 (paperback)|url=|journal=Contributions to Indian Sociology|volume=36|issue=3|pages=568–570|doi=}}</ref> Other books authored are ''Qaseeda Amali'' and ''Adaab-al-Mureedein''.

==Books==
* ''Tafseer-e-Qu'Orane-e-Majeed''
* ''Multaqit''
* ''Havashi Kashaf''
* ''Sharah-e-Mashareq''
* ''Sharah Fiqah-e-Akbar''
* ''Sharah Adab-Ul-Murideen''
* ''Sharah Ta-arruf''
* ''Risala Sirat-Ul-Nabi''
* ''Tarjuma Mashareq''
* ''Ma-Arif''
* ''Tarjuma Awarif''
* ''Sharah Fasoosul Hikam''
* ''Tarjuma Risala Qasherya''
* ''Hawa Asahi Quwwat-Ul-Qalb''

==Death anniversary==
His death anniversary takes place on 15, 16 and 17 Dhu al-Qadah at the Bande Nawaz mausoleum in Gulbarga. Several hundred thousand people from different religions gather to seek blessings.<ref name=ur/>

== In popular culture ==
Indian [[Muslim social]] films revolving around the saint and his [[dargah]] have been made. These include: ''Sultan E Deccan: Banda Nawaz'' (1982) by Malik Anwar, ''Banda Nawaz'' (1988) by Saini.<ref>{{cite book|title=Screen World Publication's 75 Glorious Years of Indian Cinema: Complete Filmography of All Films (silent & Hindi) Produced Between 1913-1988|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q7UEAQAAIAAJ|year=1988|publisher=Screen World Publication|page=85}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Muhammad Muslehuddin Siddiqui]]
* [[Sufi Saints of South Asia]]
* [[Maudood Chishti]]
* [[Wali Kirani]]
* [[Ashraf Jahangir Semnani]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* Askari, Syed Hasan, ''Tazkira-i Murshidi—Rare Malfuz of the 15th-Century Sufi Saint of Gulbarga.'' Proceedings of the Indian Historical Records Commission (1952).
* Hussaini, Syed Shah Khusro, ''Gisudaraz on Wahdat al-Wujud.'' Studies in Islam 19 (1982), pp. 233–45.
* Hussaini, Syed Shah Khusro, ''Sayyid Muhammad al-Husayni Gisu Daraz: On Sufism'' Delhi: Idarah-i Adabiyat-i Delli, 1985.
* Hussaini, Syed Shah Khusro, ''Shuhud vs. Wujud: A Study of Gisudiraz'' Islamic Culture 59 (1985), pp. 323–39.
* Siddiqi, Mohd. Sulaiman, ''Syed Mohd. al-Husaini Gisudaraz'' Islamic Culture 52 (1978), pp. 173–84.

==External links==
* [http://nammagulbarga.com/photo-gallery/kbn-darga About KBN Darga|NammaGulbarga.com]
* [http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-6773155270458332583/ A lecture on the Khaja by Mufti Syed Ziauddin Naqshbandi Qadri]
* [http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/gulbarga.htm Pictures of Dargah Sharif] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080424040255/http://www.aulia-e-hind.com/dargah/gulbarga.htm |date=24 April 2008 }}
* [http://kalaburaginews.com/dr-syed-shah-khusro-hussaini/ Dr. Syed Shah Khusro Hussaini awarded with Karnataka Rajyotsva Prashasti 2017 by Karnataka Chief Minister Siddaramaiah]
{{Gulbarga topics}}

{{authority control}}

{{Hanafi scholars}}
{{Maturidi}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nawaz, Khwaja Bande}}
[[Category:1321 births]]
[[Category:1422 deaths]]
[[Category:Chishti Order]]
[[Category:Writers from Karnataka]]
[[Category:Indian Sufi religious leaders]]
[[Category:Indian Sufi saints]]
[[Category:Urdu-language writers from India]]
[[Category:Scholars from Karnataka]]
[[Category:14th-century Indian scholars]]
[[Category:15th-century Indian scholars]]
[[Category:People from Gulbarga]]
[[Category:Critics of Ibn Arabi]]
[[Category:Hanafis]]
[[Category:Maturidis]]
[[Category:14th-century Indian non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:14th-century Indian people]]
[[Category:14th-century Indian philosophers]]
[[Category:14th-century Indian writers]]
[[Category:15th-century Indian non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:15th-century Indian people]]
[[Category:15th-century Indian philosophers]]
[[Category:15th-century Indian writers]]

Bande Nawaz - Revision history

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