Amit00 at 07:25, 6 March 2026

2026-03-06T07:25:27Z

New page

{{Short description|Hindu Jat Kingdom in Haryana}}
{{More citations needed|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox former country
| native_name =
| conventional_long_name = Ballabhgarh Riyasat
| common_name = Ballabhgarh
| era = Medieval India
| year_start = 1705
| date_start =
| event_start =
| year_end = 1858
| date_end =
| government_type = *[[Absolute monarchy]] (1705–1803)
*[[Princely state]] (1803–1858)
| common_languages = [[Hindi]]
| title_leader = [[Raja]]
| event_end = State annexed by [[British Empire]]
| event1 =
| date_event1 =
| p1 = Mughal Empire
| s1 = British Raj
| flag_p1 =
| flag_s1 =
| image_flag =
| image_coat =
| image_map = Map of the plan of the Jagir (estate) of Ballabhgarh in Delhi District, surveyed by W. Brown, 1840 (F07-04).jpg
| image_map_caption = Map of the plan of the Jagir (estate) of Ballabhgarh in Delhi District, surveyed by W. Brown, 1840
| today = [[India]]<br>{{·}} [[Haryana]]
| leader1 = Gopal Tewatia
| leader2 = [[Nahar Singh]]
| year_leader1 = 1705–1711 (first)
| year_leader2 = 1829–1858 (last)
| capital = [[Ballabhgarh]]
}}
[[File:Raja Nahar Singh.jpg|thumb| Raja [[Nahar Singh]] last ruler of Ballabhgarh|225px]]
'''Ballabhgarh''' was a princely state<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kolff |first=Dirk H. A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9955DwAAQBAJ |title=Grass in their Mouths: The Upper Doab of India under the Company's Magna Charta, 1793-1830 |date=2010-08-13 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-18802-0 |pages=162 |language=en|quote=the jagir of the Ballabgarh raja, a Jat of the Tevatiya got, or clan.}}</ref> in [[Haryana]], [[India]], ruled by [[Jats]] of [[Teotia|Tewatia]] clan.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kolff |first=Dirk H. A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9955DwAAQBAJ |title=Grass in their Mouths: The Upper Doab of India under the Company's Magna Charta, 1793-1830 |date=2010-08-13 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-18802-0 |pages=162 |language=en|quote= But the Bulandshahr joint-magistrate, as observed, now had cavalry at his disposal, which was of great help on that part of the Ballabgarh estate which was level ground.}}</ref> It was founded by [[Raja Balram Singh]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pande |first=Ram |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Social_and_Political_History_of_the_Jats/jRJuAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=ballabhgarh+jagir+was+founded+by&dq=ballabhgarh+jagir+was+founded+by&printsec=frontcover |title=Social and Political History of the Jats, Bharatpur Upto 1826 |date=2006 |publisher=Shodhak |language=en |quote=The Jat seized and slew Santokhra, the qanungo of Palwal, who had instigated Aqibat Muhammad to kill Balu Jat, the founder of Ballabhgarh}}</ref> At the state peak’s era the area under their rule was Faridabad, Ballabgarh region, parts of South Delhi and Palwal (shown in the state’s map).<ref>{{Citation |last=description |first=See |title=English: Map of the plan of the Jagir (estate) of Ballabhgarh in Delhi District, surveyed by W. Brown, 1840. |date=1840 |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of_the_plan_of_the_Jagir_(estate)_of_Ballabhgarh_in_Delhi_District,_surveyed_by_W._Brown,_1840_(F07-04).jpg |access-date=2026-02-26}}</ref>

==History==
=== The founder: Chaudhary Gopal Singh ===
Ch. Gopal Singh, a [[Teotia|Tewatia]] Jat, the founder of the princely state of Ballabgarh, migrated from Alwalpur village in 1705, and established himself at [[Sihi]] ({{convert|5|km|mi}} from Ballabhgarh) after attacking the local Tyagi [[Brahman]] chiefs there. Gopal Singh Tewatia of Sihi started establishing his power in Delhi, [[Khair]] and [[Mathura]] areas. He attacked [[Rajput|Rajputs]] of that area with the help of local Jat villagers. He became more powerful and richer and started looting the Mughal travelers on Delhi–Agra royal route during the reign of [[Aurangzeb]] (d. 1707). In 1710, during the reign of Aurangzeb's son [[Bahadur Shah I]], the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] officer Murtaza Khan killed him in 1711.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Abi |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/A_Gazetteer_of_Delhi_1883_84.html?id=5ONAAQAAMAAJ |title=A Gazetteer of Delhi, 1883-84 |date=2010 |publisher=Aryan Books International |isbn=978-81-7305-403-7 |language=en}}</ref>

Gopal Singh’s successor was his son Charan Das Tewatia, who was also ambitious. When Charan Das saw weakening of the Mughal rule, he stopped paying ''malgujari'' (octroi) to the Mughals. As a result, Mughals arrested and imprisoned Charan Das at Faridabad fort for a short time in 1714 during the reign of [[Farrukhsiyar]] (r. 1713–1719). His son [[Raja Balram Singh|Balram Singh]] freed him by pretending to pay the ransom. Charan Das's son, [[Raja Balram Singh|Balram Singh]], later rose to be a powerful king.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ahmad |first=Aijaz |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/History_of_Haryana.html?id=QzNoEQAAQBAJ |title=History of Haryana: Ancient, Medieval and Modern Period |date=2025-06-25 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=978-93-6344-172-9 |language=en}}</ref>

=== Expansion: Balram Singh (Ballu Jat) ===
On 30 June 1750, Safdar Jung, marched against [[Raja Balram Singh|Balram]] but Balram managed to evade him using stratagem with the help of [[Marathas]]. Mughal king [[Ahmad Shah Bahadur]] replaced [[Safdar Jang|Safdar Jung]] with [[Ghazi ud-Din Khan Feroze Jung II|Gaziuddin Khan]] ("Intizam-Ud-Daullahas" or "[[Imad-ul-Mulk|lmad-ul-Mulk]]", the imperial [[Akbar#Political government|Mir Bakhshi]]) as the new wazir. Safdar Jung, supported by [[Raja Balram Singh|Balram Jat]] and [[Suraj Mal|Maharaja Surajmal]], revolted against the Mughal king. Murtaza Khan's son Aqaibet Mahmud Khan was the chief diwan of Gaziuddin Khan. He and Balram agreed to meet to negotiate the terms of truce. Balram arrived with his son, diwan and 250 men, angry words flew, Balram Singh put his hand on his sword, Aquibat's guard suddenly fell upon Balram and killed him, his son, diwan and 9 other escorts. Maharaja [[Suraj Mal]] retaliated by capturing [[Palwal]] from the Mughals on 27 September 1754. He also caught the [[Qadi|qazi]] there and slayed the qanungo{{Which language|date=January 2023}} Santokh Rai for scheming Balram's murder. In November 1755, Jats under Suraj Mal also recaptured Ballabgarh and Ghasira from Mughals. Suraj Mal appointed sons of Balram, Bishan Singh as Nazim and Kishan Singh as kiledar{{Which language|date=January 2023}}, who stayed in these roles till 1774 under Suraj Mal.<ref name=balidan26>Asloub Ansari, 2001,[https://books.google.com/books?isbn=8174352767 Sir Syed Ahmed Khan: A Centenary Tribute], Page 166.</ref>{{unreliable source|date=May 2022}}

From 1757 to 1760, [[Ahmad Shah Durrani|Ahmad Shah Abdali]] waged war against Jats and Marathas. After the defeat of [[Maratha Empire]] in the [[Third Battle of Panipat]] on 12 June 1761, Suraj Mal recaptured Ballabhgarh from Abdali's forced in 1762 and reinstated Balram's sons Kishan Singh and Bishan Singh in their roles under Bharatpur State.

On 20 April 1774, Ajit Singh with title of "Raja" and Hira Singh with titles of "Raja" and "Salar Jang" were restored to Ballabhgarh as descendant of Balram by Mughal king after they were removed by Bharatpur king. In 1775, Ajit Singh was formally appointed Raja of Ballabhgarh under Mughal authority. In 1793, Ajit Singh was killed by his brother Zalim Singh, and Ajit's son Bahadur Singh became the king. Till 1803 Ballabhgarh rulers remained under Marathas .In 1785 mahadji capture deeg but not capture bharatpur after 1787 to keep peace with Jats gave 11 paragana to ranjit singh and make friendly relation with bharatpur to make peace ref agra province.<ref>{{cite book|author=Dharma Bhanu|title=The Province of Agra: Its History and Administration|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CctFMm9HSH8C&pg=PA10|year=1979|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|page=10|id=GGKEY:KQWQCNNELB2}}</ref>

=== Jat rule during British era ===
In 1803, after the [[Treaty of Surji-Anjangaon]] Haryana was transferred to British by [[Maratha Empire]]. British confirmed Ajit Singh's son Bahadur Singh as independent ruler of Ballabhgarh [[jagir]], as a buffer state between British border and [[Misl|Sikhs rulers]],<ref name=balidan25>1968, [https://books.google.com/books?id=PkVE8aPcOdMC Haryana: Studies in History and Culture], Page 74.</ref> and it remained an independent [[princely state]] until the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]]. Bahadur Singh killed in 1806. His son Narain Singh became king but he too was killed in 1806. Narain's son Anirudh Singh became king and ruled till he was killed in 1819. His infant son Sahib Singh ruled till 1825 when he died childless. Sahib's paternal uncle and Narain Singh's brother Ram Singh ruled till 1829 till his death.

In [[Raja Nahar Singh]] ascended the throne in 1829 after his father Ram Singh's death and proved to be a just ruler. Nahar Singh was ruler of 101 villages of Ballabhgarh. He, Nawab Ahmed Ali Khan of [[Farrukhnagar]], and rulers of neighbouring principalities such as [[Rewari]] and [[Jhajjar]], took part in the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]].<ref name="REVOLT1857">{{cite web |title=REVOLT OF 1857 AND MUSLIMS IN HARYANA |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/39058/12/12_chapter%204.pdf |website=shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in |access-date=20 November 2019 }}</ref> On 10 September 1857, just four days before the British Army stormed Delhi, Nahar Singh wrote a letter to [[Governor General of India]], [[Edward Law, 1st Earl of Ellenborough|Lord Ellenborough]] (1842–1844), whom he had met as a young man, seeking his protection. According to a 2011 auction catalogue, "it seems was written as a ruse to deceive the British in the event of his capture... as he was fully committed to the cause of Indian Independence".<ref>{{cite news |title=Photos of Mysore may get £200,000 |url=http://www.asianage.com/newsmakers/photos-mysore-may-get-200000-929 |publisher=[[Asian Age]] |date=24 September 201 |access-date=24 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930095443/http://www.asianage.com/newsmakers/photos-mysore-may-get-200000-929 |archive-date=30 September 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Princely letter up for sale|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/generalnewsfeed/news/princely-letter-up-for-sale/822618.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121017224413/http://ibnlive.in.com/generalnewsfeed/news/princely-letter-up-for-sale/822618.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=17 October 2012 |publisher=[[IBN Live]] |date=14 September 2011 }}</ref>

==Rulers==
*Ch Gopal singh Tewatia (1705–1711)
*Ch CharanDas singh (1711–1714)
*[[Raja Balram Singh]] (1714–1753)
*Raja Bisan Singh Tewatia (1753–1774)
*Raja Ajit Singh Tewatia (1774–1793)
*Raja Bahadur Singh Tewatia (1793–1806)
*Raja Narain Singh Tewatia (1806-1806)
*Raja Anirudh Singh Tewatia (1806–1819)
*Raja Sahib Singh Tewatia (1819–1825)
*Raja Ram Singh Tewatia (1825–1829)
*[[Nahar Singh|Raja Nahar Singh]] (1829–1858)

==See also==
* [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{coord missing|India}}

[[Category:Jagirs]]
[[Category:Hindu dynasties]]
[[Category:1705 establishments in India]]
[[Category:1858 disestablishments in British India]]
[[Category:States and territories established in the 17th century]]
[[Category:States and territories disestablished in 1858]]

Ballabgarh (jagir) - Revision history

Amit00 at 07:25, 6 March 2026