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{{Short description|War between the Vijayanagara Empire and Bahamani Sultanate}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2025}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2025}}
{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Bahamani-Vijayanagra War (1417–1419)
| place = [[Telangana]], [[Karnataka]], [[Maharashtra]]
| partof = [[Bahmani–Vijayanagar War (disambiguation)|Bahmani–Vijayanagar Wars]]
| date = 1417–1419
| result = [[Vijayanagara Empire|Vijayanagara]] victory<ref>{{Cite web |title=India - Deccan, Bahmani, Consolidation {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/place/India/Bahmani-consolidation-of-the-Deccan |access-date=2024-03-07 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>
| combatant1 = [[Bahamani Sultanate]]
| combatant2 = [[Vijayanagara Empire]]<br>[[Recherla Nayakas]]
| commander1 = [[Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah|Firoz Shah Bahmani]]
| commander2 = [[Deva Raya I]]
| territory = The [[Vijayanagara Empire]] annexed territory stretching from the [[Krishna River]] to the [[Tungabhadra River]] doab, which included the capture of the Pangal fort.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Majumdar |first=R. C. |url=http://archive.org/details/delhisultanate00bhar |title=History and Culture of the Indian People, Volume 06,The Delhi Sultanate |date=1967 |publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan |others=Public Resource |pages=287}}</ref>
| casualties3 = During the war, Vijayanagara forces massacred Muslims on the battlefield and displayed their heads across the field.<ref name=":0"/><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Chandra |first=Satish |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L5eFzeyjBTQC |title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals-Delhi Sultanat (1206-1526) - Part One |date=2004 |publisher=Har-Anand Publications |isbn=978-81-241-1064-5 |pages=180 |language=en}}</ref>
}}

The '''Bahmani–Vijayanagar War''' began with the Siege of Pangal, where [[Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah|Sultan Firuz Shah]] of the [[Bahmani Sultanate]] attempted to capture the fort. They faced setbacks, including a disease outbreak among their ranks, leading to the failure of the siege. In response, [[Deva Raya I]] of the Vijayanagara Empire launched a successful counteroffensive, defeating Sultan Firuz Shah in a decisive battle. This victory dealt a significant blow to the Bahmani Sultanate, ultimately leading to Firuz Shah's demise and further weakening of his empire.

Following the victory, Deva Raya I expanded his territorial control, extending [[Vijayanagara Empire|Vijayanagara's]] domain up to the [[Krishna River|Krishna]]-[[Tungabhadra River|Tungabhadra]] river doab region. This expansion included the capture of [[Pangala|Pangal]], which had been a focal point of the conflict. The successful outcome of the war significantly bolstered the power and influence of the Vijayanagara Empire in the region. In the aftermath, Muslim soldiers' severed heads were put on display at the battlefield as a reminder of Vijayanagara's triumph.

== Background ==

=== Siege of Pangal ===
[[Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah]] initiated a siege on the fort of [[Pangala|Pangal]], which was under the control of the [[Recherla Nayakas]]. It lasted two years, while a disease outbreak within the [[Bahmani Sultanate]] camp weakened his forces, leading to his failure to capture the fort and subsequent heavy losses.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Sharma |first=M. H. Rāma |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fw5DAAAAYAAJ&q=seventh+bahamani+war |title=The History of the Vijayanagar Empire: Beginnings and expansion, 1308-1569 |date=1978 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |pages=50–51 |language=en}}</ref> Taking advantage of this vulnerable situation, the king of [[Vijayanagara Empire|Vijayanagar]] sought revenge for previous humiliations suffered during the previous war, pursuing and defeating [[Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah|Sultan Feroz]]. Reports suggest that treachery within the [[Bahmani Sultanate|Bahamani]] camp contributed significantly to this defeat.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gopal |first=M. H. |url=http://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.12385 |title=THE HISTORY OF VIJAYANAGAR EMPIRE VOL.1 |date=1956 |publisher=POPULAR PRAKASHAN,BOMBAY |pages=50}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Haig |first=Wolseley |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.46989 |title=Cambridge History Of India Vol. 2 |date=1925 |pages=393}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Viswanath Iyyer P.s |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.71664 |title=Relives Of Vijayanagar Glory Or Relics Of The Picturess |date=1949 |pages=48}}</ref>

== War ==
The two-year siege was impregnable, causing great distress to the besiegers due to famine and disease. [[Deva Raya I|Devaraya]], bolstered by fresh forces and Hindu chiefs like the Velamas, encircled the besieging army. As the Muslim army weakened and [[Vijayanagara Empire|Vijayanagara]] reinforcements arrived, the garrison sallied from the fort, attacking the enemy camp.<ref name=":2" /> Caught between two Hindu forces, the Bahmani army was routed, and the [[Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah|Sultan]] fled. [[Deva Raya I|Devaraya I]] exploited this victory to regain control over the [[Krishna River|Krishna]]-[[Tungabhadra River|Tungabhadra]] region.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Majumdar |first=R. C. |url=http://archive.org/details/delhisultanate00bhar |title=History and Culture of the Indian People, Volume 06,The Delhi Sultanate |date=1967 |publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan |others=Public Resource |pages=287}}</ref>

The result of [[Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah|Sultan Feroz's]] defeat was dire, as [[Deva Raya I|Deva Raya]], the king of [[Vijayanagara Empire|Vijayanagar]], retaliated by orchestrating a general massacre of Muslims, using their heads to create a gruesome platform on the battlefield.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Chandra |first=Satish |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L5eFzeyjBTQC |title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals-Delhi Sultanat (1206-1526) - Part One |date=2004 |publisher=Har-Anand Publications |isbn=978-81-241-1064-5 |pages=180 |language=en}}</ref> His forces pursued the Sultan's retreating army into their own territory, inflicting further devastation by razing mosques, holy sites, and mercilessly slaughtering civilians. Even regions as far as [[Konkan]], including Chowl and [[Dabhol]], fell victim to the Hindu army's aggression.<ref name=":3" /> In a state of desperation, [[Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah|Sultan Feroz]] sought assistance from the [[Gujarat Sultanate|Sultan of Gujarat]], only to find the newly ascended monarch unable to provide aid.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Gopal |first=M. H. |url=http://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.12385 |title=THE HISTORY OF VIJAYANAGAR EMPIRE VOL.1 |date=1956 |publisher=POPULAR PRAKASHAN,BOMBAY |pages=51}}</ref>

== Aftermath ==
The series of reverses suffered by [[Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah|Firuz Shah]] ultimately led to his demise. Mirat-i-Sikandari records that Sultan Feroz had led an army against [[Vijayanagara Empire|Vijayanagar]] and was defeated in battle. Fortunately for him, [[Ahmad Shah I|Sultan Ahmad of Gujarat]], bound by a friendly alliance, dispatched a substantial army to his aid. By the time that army reached the fort of Thallir, [[Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah|Sultan Feroz]] had already died, and his brother, [[Ahmad Shah I Wali|Sultan Ahmad Shah Bahamani]], had ascended to power. In acknowledgment of the support received, [[Ahmad Shah I Wali|Sultan Ahmad Shah Wali]] sent valuable gifts to [[Ahmad Shah I|Sultan Ahmad of Gujarat]] and sent his army back.<ref name=":0"/> [[Deva Raya I]] came to control territory up to the [[Krishna River]] - [[Tungabhadra River]] doab including Pangal.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Chaurasia |first=Radhey Shyam |title=History of medieval India: from 1000 A.D. to 1707 A.D |date=2002 |publisher=Atlantic |isbn=978-81-269-0123-4 |location=New Delhi}}</ref> However, all the territory captured by Deva Raya was lost by his son [[Vira Vijaya]] to Ahmad Shah during the [[Siege of Vijayanagar]] in 1423.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=94qOZORGURcC |title=The Cambridge History of India: Turks and Afghans, edited by W. Haig |date=1928 |publisher=University Press |language=en}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Battles involving the Vijayanagara Empire]]
[[Category:Wars involving the Bahmani Sultanate]]

Bahmani–Vijayanagar War (1417–1419) - Revision history

Vilianaizi: new new data