https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Azim-ush-ShanAzim-ush-Shan - Revision history2026-11-15T07:05:25ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Azim-ush-Shan&diff=463537&oldid=prevRepublic Bangla: small fixed references for clarity also and improved wording2026-02-27T19:52:01Z<p>small fixed references for clarity also and improved wording</p>
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{{Infobox royalty<br />
| name = Azim-us-Shan<br />
| image = Azim us-Shan Bahadur.jpg<br />
| alt = <br />
| caption = Azim us-Shan Bahadur<br />
| birth_name = Muhammad Azimuddin<br />
| birth_date = {{birth date|1664|12|15|df=yes}}<br />
| birth_place = [[Agra Fort]]<br />
| death_date = {{death date and age|1712|03|18|1664|12|15|df=yes}}<br />
| death_place = Near Agra<br />
| burial_place = Humayun Tomb <br />
| issue = Muhammad Karim Mirza<br>Humayun Bakht Mirza<br>Ruh-ul-Daula Mirza<br>Ahsanullah Mirza<br>[[Farrukhsiyar]]<br />
| full name = Sultan Azhar ud-din Muhammad Azim Mirza, Azim us-Shan Bahadur<br />
| father = [[Bahadur Shah I]]<br />
| mother = Amrita Bai <br />
| religion = [[Islam]]<br />
| image_size = <br />
| burial_date = <br />
| spouses = Bai Jas Kaur<br>Aisha Begum<br>Gitti Ara Begum<br>Sahiba Niswan<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Prince Azim-us-Shan''' (15 December 1664 – 18 March 1712) was the second son of [[Mughal emperor]] [[Bahadur Shah I]], by his second wife, Maharajkumari Amrita Bai Sahiba. He was the grandson of Emperor [[Aurangzeb]], during whose reign, he was the ''[[subahdar]]'' (viceroy) of [[Bengal Subah]], [[Bihar]] and [[Odisha]] from 1697 to his death in 1712, and the great grandson of Emperor [[Shah Jahan]].<br />
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==Reign==<br />
[[File:Azim ush-Shan on the imperial throne receives the investiture of Khizr ca. 1712 Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Azim ush-Shan on the imperial throne receives the investiture of ''[[Khizr]]'']]<br />
In 1697 he was appointed the viceroy of [[Bengal Subah]], [[Bihar]] and [[Odisha]] by Emperor [[Aurangzeb]].<ref name=bpedia>{{cite book |last=Chatterjee |first=Anjali |year=2012 |chapter=Azim-us-Shan |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Azim-us-Shan |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]]}}</ref> Shortly after, he took successful military initiative against Rahim Khan. Azim gave the [[East India Company]] permission to build [[Fort William, India|Fort William]] in [[Calcutta]] (presently Kolkata) in 1696. Using [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] permission, the Dutch also built Fort Gustavas in [[Chinsura]] and the French built Fort Orleans in [[Chandernagore]] (presently Chandannagar).<ref name=bpedia/><br />
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Azim got into conflict with [[Murshid Quli Khan]], the newly appointed [[Divan]] of Bengal, over imperial financial control. Considering the complaint of Murshid Quli Khan, Aurangzeb ordered Azim to move to Bihar.<ref name=bpedia/> In 1703 he transferred the capital to Rajmahal and then again to Pataliputra (present-day [[Patna]]). He renamed [[Pataliputra]] to ''Azimabad'' after his own name.<ref name=bpedia/><br />
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In 1712, at the time of his father's death, he immediately proclaimed himself emperor. However, he was killed (drowned in the [[Ravi River]]) shortly afterwards in the succession struggles that ensued.{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}<br />
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==Personal life==<br />
Azim-us-shan's first wife was Rajkumari Bai Jas Kaur, the daughter of Kunwar Kirat Singh, who was the son of Raja [[Jai Singh I]], Kachwaha ruler of Amber. She married Azim-ud-din in 1678, and was the mother of Muhammad Karim Mirza born on 12 October 1679.{{sfn|Irvine|p=145}} She died at Delhi on 19 February 1721, and was buried at the Qutb.{{sfn|Irvine|p=144}}<br />
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His second wife was Sahiba Niswan, a Kasmiri lady, and the sister of Khwajah Inayatullah entitled Shaista Khan. She was the mother of Emperor [[Farrukhsiyar]]. Upon Farrukhsiyar's accession on 11 January 1719, she occupied an eminent position in the imperial harem.<ref>{{cite book|first=G. S |last=Cheema|title=The Forgotten Mughals: A History of the Later Emperors of the House of Babar, 1707-1857|publisher=Manohar Publishers and Distributors|year=2002|pages=179|isbn=9788173046018}}</ref> She died at Delhi in February 1729, having outlived her son for nearly ten years.{{sfn|Irvine|p=144}}<br />
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His third wife was Aisha Begum, the daughter of Ruhullah Khan Yazdi, the Mir Bakhshi. She was the granddaughter of Khalilullah Khan. The marriage took place on 26 June 1692.<ref>{{cite book|first=Jadunath|last=Sarkar|title=Maasir-i-Alamgiri: A History of Emperor Aurangzib-Alamgir (reign 1658-1707 AD) of Saqi Mustad Khan|publisher=Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta|year=1947|pages=209}}</ref> She was the mother of Prince Humayun Bakht Mirza, and Prince Ruh-ud-daula Mirza. Azim-ush-shan is said to have been very fond of her. On 24 May 1709, she gave birth to twins, a boy and a girl. She died at Daulatabad on 15 July 1709, and was buried there, near the tomb of Burhan ud-din.{{sfn|Irvine|p=144}}<br />
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His fourth wife was Gitti Ara Begum, the daughter of Prince [[Muhammad Azam Shah]]. The marriage took place on 1 November 1709.{{sfn|Irvine|p=35}} She died at Delhi on 12 June 1724 at age over forty years.{{sfn|Irvine|p=144}}<br />
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==Ancestry==<br />
{{ahnentafel<br />
|collapsed=yes |align=center<br />
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;<br />
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;<br />
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;<br />
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;<br />
|1= 1. '''Azim-ush-Shan'''<br />
|2= 2. [[Bahadur Shah I|Qutb-ud-din Muhammad Bahadur Shah I, Mughal Emperor]]<br />
|3= 3. Amrita Bai<br />
|4= 4. [[Aurangzeb|Muhi-ud-din Muhammad Aurangzeb, Mughal Emperor]]<br />
|5= 5. [[Nawab Bai|Nawab Bai Begum]]<br />
|6= 6. Rup Singh, [[Raja]] of [[Kishangarh State|Kishangarh]]{{sfn|Irvine|p=128}}<br />
|7=<br />
|8= 8. [[Shah Jahan|Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Shah Jahan I, Mughal Emperor]]<br />
|9= 9. [[Mumtaz Mahal]]<br />
|10= 10. Taj-ud-din Khan, [[Raja]] of [[Rajauri]]<ref>Charles Francis Massy, ''Chiefs and Families of Note in the Delhi, Jalandhar, Peshawar and Derajat Divisions of the Panjab'' (1890), p. 396</ref><br />
|11= <br />
|12= 12. Bharmal Rathore of Babera<ref>Vijay Kumar Mathur, ''Marvels of Kishangarh paintings: from the collection of the National Museum, New Delhi'' (2000), p. 8</ref><br />
|13= <br />
|14= <br />
|15= }}<br />
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==See also==<br />
* [[List of rulers of Bengal]]<br />
* [[History of Bangladesh]]<br />
* [[History of India]]<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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==Bibliography==<br />
{{cite book|title=The Later Mughals|author-link=William Irvine (historian)|first=William|last=Irvine|ISBN=8175364068|publisher=Low Price Publications}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Azim-Ush-Shan}}<br />
[[Category:Mughal princes]]<br />
[[Category:Islamic rule in the Indian subcontinent]]<br />
[[Category:1664 births]]<br />
[[Category:1712 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:People executed by drowning]]<br />
[[Category:History of Patna]]<br />
[[Category:Subahdars of Bengal]]</div>>HistoryofIran