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{{Short description|Bangladeshi singer-songwriter, composer and freedom fighter}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Azam Khan
| native_name = আজম খান
| native_name_lang = bn
| image = Azam Khan (singer).jpg
| caption = Azam Khan
| birth_name = Mahbubul Haque Khan
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1950|2|28|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Dhaka]], [[East Pakistan]] (Now in Dhaka, [[Bangladesh]])
| death_date = {{death date and age|2011|06|5|1950|2|28|df=y}}
| death_place = Dhaka, Bangladesh
| resting_place = Martyred Intellectuals' Graveyard, [[Mirpur Model Thana|Mirpur]], Dhaka
| nationality = [[Bangladeshi]]
| alias = {{hlist|[[Honorific nicknames in popular music|Pop Samrat]], [[Honorific nicknames in popular music|The Rock Guru]]}}
| education = {{hlist|[[Motijheel Model High School and College|Motijheel Provincial School]]|[[Siddheswari Boys' High School]]}}
| alma_mater = T & T College
| occupation = {{hlist|Singer-songwriter|record producer|actor}}
| years_active = 1967–2011
| spouse = {{Unbulleted list|{{marriage|Sahida Begum|14 January 1981|1993|end=divorced}}}}
| children = 3
| relatives = [[Alam Khan (composer)|Alam Khan]] (brother)
[[Munaeem Ahmad (musical artist)|Munaeem Ahmad]] (cousin)
| module = {{Infobox musical artist
| embed = yes
| genre = {{hlist|[[Pop music|Pop]]|[[Rock and roll]]}}
| instrument = {{hlist|[[Vocals]]|[[guitar]]}}
| label = {{hlist|Soundtek|Sonali|CD Sounds|Sargam|Sangeeta|D-Series}}
| associated_acts = {{hlist|[[Rocket (guitarist)|Rocket]]|[[Ayub Bachchu]]|[[Fakir Alamgir]]|[[Ferdous Wahid]]|[[Pilu Momtaz]]|[[Firoz Shai]]|[[Nazma Jaman]]|[[Uchcharon]]|Trinity Artist Group}}
}}
}}

'''Mahbubul Haque Khan''' (28 February 1950 – 5 June 2011), best known as '''Azam Khan''', was a [[Bangladeshis|Bangladeshi]] singer-songwriter, record producer, and lead singer for the pop-rock band "''Uccharon"''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Azam Khan |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/star-weekend/mad-genius/azam-khan-88834 |work=[[The Daily Star (Bangladesh)|The Daily Star]] |date=2015-05-30 |access-date=22 April 2022}}</ref> He was also a [[Resistance movement|freedom fighter]]. He took part in the [[Liberation War of Bangladesh]] in 1971. He is considered to be one of the greatest artists in the history of Bangladeshi [[popular music]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Azam Khan |url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php? |publisher=[[Banglapedia]] |date=2015-09-15 |access-date=25 October 2022}}</ref>

Born and raised in [[Dhaka]], he had been interested in music since his childhood and ultimately began his [[music]] career in his hometown with the group ''"ক্রান্তি শিল্পী গোষ্ঠী (Trinity Artist Group)"'' in 1967. He took part in the [[1969 Mass uprising in East Pakistan|1969 mass uprising]], against the Pakistani army. In 1971, inspired by his father, he and his brothers took part in the [[Liberation War of Bangladesh]]. He was trained in [[Meghalaya|Meghalo]]<nowiki/>y, [[India]]. He fought in the Sector 2, under Major [[Khaled Mosharraf]]. In mid-December, 1971 he came back from the camps and started his music career again. He founded the pioneering rock band ''"Uchcharon"'', along with his friends Nilu (lead guitars) and Mansoor (rhythm guitars), Sadek (drums).<ref>{{cite news |title=Azam Khan is dead |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2011/06/05/pop-guru-azam-khan-is-dead |work=bdnews24.com |access-date=9 February 2022}}</ref> They first appeared on [[Bangladesh Television]] in 1972. They got commercial success with the hit "রেল লাইনের বস্তিতে (In the Slum Beside the Rail Line)" in 1975. Releasing more hit songs in the 1970s, like "আলাল ও দুলাল (Alal and Dulal)", "সালেকা মালেকা (Saleka Maleka)" and "পাপড়ি কেন বোঝেনা? (Why Doesn't Papri Understand?)". Khan died in June 2011 from [[oral cancer]] in Dhaka.

His contribution to the [[music industry]], brought him the second highest civilian honour award ''"[[Ekushe Padak]]"'',<ref>{{cite news |title=Azam Khan receives posthumous Ekushey Padak |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/showtime/2019/02/06/azam-khan-receives-posthumous-ekushey-padak |work=Dhaka Tribune |access-date=7 February 2022}}</ref> which he was awarded posthumously in 2019 and also earned the honorific nicknames "[[Honorific nicknames in popular music|The Pop Samrat]]" (The Pop Emperor) and "[[Honorific nicknames in popular music|The Rock Guru]]".<ref>{{cite news |title=Remembering the Rock Guru Azam Khan |url=http://www.theindependentbd.com/arcprint/details/2287/2015-06-05 |work=The Independent |location=Dhaka |access-date=9 February 2022}}</ref>

== Early life ==

Khan was born on 28 February 1950<ref>{{cite news |title=Today is Azam Khan's birthday |url=https://www.jagonews24.com/en/entertainment/news/19300 |work=Jago News 24 |access-date=9 February 2022}}</ref> in [[Azimpur]], [[Dhaka]] to Aftabuddin Khan and Jobeda Begum.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pop Guru remembered |url=http://www.daily-sun.com/arcprint/details/48679/Pop-Guru-Azam-Khan-remembered/2015-06-06 |work=Daily Sun |access-date=9 February 2022}}</ref> They used to live in the No. 10 Government Quarter Colony. His father was the administrative officer of Secretariat Home Department, as well as a [[homeopathic doctor]] on the side. His mother Jobeda, was a singer, a source of his passion for music. He had three brothers — Sayeed Khan, [[Alam Khan (composer)|Alam Khan]], Leyakot Ali Khan and a sister – Shamima Akhter Khanom. In 1956, his father built a house in [[Kamalapur, Bangladesh|Kamalapur]]. He was admitted to [[Motijheel Model High School and College|Motijheel Provincial School]]. In 1965, he was admitted to [[Siddheswari Boys' High School]] in the commercial division, from where he passed the SSC exam in 1968.

He then attended T & T College in 1970, but his studies were hindered by the Liberation War in which he partook with his father and siblings.

== Participation in Liberation War ==

In 1969, Khan took part in the [[1969 Mass uprising in East Pakistan|mass uprising in East Pakistan]] (Public Awakening, গণঅভ্যুত্থান) against the [[West Pakistan]] government. He was a member of the Trinity Artist Group (ক্রান্তি শিল্পী গোষ্ঠী) then. He used to compose songs against Pakistani rulers. In 1971, his father Aftabuddin became the senior officer in the secretariat. His father inspired he and his brothers{{citation needed|date=May 2021}} to go to the war. He went to Agartala on foot with his two friends. His target was to work under major [[Khaled Mosharraf]] in Sector 2. He took part in the war at the age of 21.<ref name="ds25Mar2006">{{cite news |last1=Kamol |first1=Ershad |title=Azam Khan: Rock star looks back with nostalgia |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/2006/03/25/d60325140199.htm |work=The Daily Star |date=25 March 2022}}</ref> He went to [[Melaghar Camp]] in India for training.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ayon |first1=Kausar Islam |title=Azam Khan: Songs from a brave heart |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/2006/12/27/d612272505130.htm |work=The Daily Star |date=27 December 2022}}</ref> At the end of the training, he fought against the Pakistani army in [[Comilla]].<ref name="ds25Mar2006" /> He first fought straight after some time in Saldah, after that he returned to Agartala again. He was then sent to Dhaka to take part in the guerrilla war. Khan was in charge of a section of two sectors. The sector commander was colonel Khaled Mosharraf.<ref>{{cite news |title=Bangladeshi legendary singer Azam Khan passes away |url=http://www.washingtonbanglaradio.com/content/62729211-bangladeshi-pop-guru-azam-khan-passes-away |work=Washington Bangla Radio |access-date=10 February 2022}}</ref> In Dhaka, he took part in several guerrilla attacks in Dhaka and around it as a section commander. Khan was basically responsible for managing guerrilla operations in Jatrabari-Gulshan area. The most notable of these was "Operation Titas" under his leadership. Their duty was to destroy some gas pipelines in Dhaka, especially Hotel Intercontinental (Now [[Sheraton Hotel]]), Hotel Purbani obstructing gas supply. Their goal was to make sure that the foreigners staying in those hotels can understand that a war is going on in the country. In this war, he was hit in his left ear which later obstructed his hearing. Azam Khan entered Dhaka with his accomplices in mid-December 1971. Earlier than that, they defeated the Pakistani army in a battle organized in Trimohani near Madartek.<ref>{{cite news |title=State send off for Azam Khan |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2011/06/06/state-send-off-for-azam-khan |work=bdnews24.com |access-date=9 February 2022}}</ref> The name of the guerrilla team he participated in was [[Crack Platoon]].<ref>[https://www.newagebd.net/article/147563/of-valour-and-love-for-motherland THE CRACK PLATOON, Of valour and love for motherland, New Age, 29 August 2021]</ref>

== Career ==

Azam Khan was a Bangladeshi [[freedom fighter]]. He fought in Sector 2 under Brigadier [[Khaled Mosharraf]] in the [[Bangladesh Liberation War|Liberation war]] of Bangladesh in 1971.<ref>{{cite news |title=Notes from Dhaka's historical underground |url=http://www.newagebd.com/store/anni05/transitions.html |work=New Age |access-date=9 January 2022}}</ref> After the war, he entered the music arena. He founded the band "[[Uchcharan|উচ্চারণ ]](Pronunciation)" in 1973.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Turbulent Evolution of Bangla Rock |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/magazine/2004/04/05/coverstory.htm |work=The Daily Star |access-date=28 February 2022}}</ref> The 'legendary guitarist,' [[Rocket (guitarist)|Rocket]] then joined the band.<ref>{{cite news |last=Taposhi |first=Fahmida |date=27 January 2019 |title=Kronedge: The Bangladeshi band abroad |url=http://dhakatribune.com/showtime/2019/01/27/kronedge-the-bangladeshi-band-abroad |work=Dhaka Tribune}}</ref> Khan's first appearance in music domain was from [[Spondon|Spondon's]] musical program and performance at Bangladesh Television, in DIT Building in Dhaka about 3rd quarter of 1972 with rock singers like Nasir Ahmed Apu, [[Firoz Shai]]. Guitarist Mansur, Congo player Naseem of "স্পন্দন (Pulsation)". The program was directed by Mansur Ahmed Nipu of "স্পন্দন (Pulsation)" and produced by Noazesh Ali Khan of BTV. His rock band earned instant reputation and Azam Khan came to be known as "Rock Guru". Some of his biggest hits are "Ore Saleka, Ore Maleka", "Jibone Kichhu Pabona Re", "Ami Jare Chaire", "Ashi Ashi Bole Tumi", "Obhimani", "Rail liner bostite", "Hei Allah Hei Allah Re", "Alal O Dulal".

He was also a passionate cricketer, having played in Dhaka's second division league as late as 1998, when he was around 48.

== Personal life ==

Khan married Sahida Begum on 14 January 1981 in Madartek, Dhaka, at the age of 31. The couple had three children. The first daughter Ima Khan, first son Hridoy Khan and second daughter Aroni Khan. Khan divorced his wife in 1993.

== Death ==

Khan died on 5 June 2011 at Dhaka Combined Military Hospital at the age of 61. He was suffering from [[oral cancer]] which had spread to his lungs. In 2013, Khan's family established "Azam Khan Foundation" aiming to help destitute artists.<ref name=palo>{{cite news|script-title=bn:জন্মদিনে আজম খান ফাউন্ডেশন |url=http://www.prothom-alo.com/detail/date/2013-02-28/news/332552 |work=Prothom Alo |language=bn |date=2013-02-28 |access-date=2013-02-28 |url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130302222040/http://www.prothom-alo.com/detail/date/2013-02-28/news/332552 |archive-date=2013-03-02 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Contractors stop govt project work in Kishoreganj |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/latest_news.php?nid=30149 |newspaper=The Daily Star |access-date=27 June 2022}}</ref>

Khan, along with his contemporaries [[Fakir Alamgir]], [[Ferdous Wahid]], [[Pilu Momtaz]], Firoz Shai and [[Nazma Zaman]] is credited with pioneering [[popular music]] in Bangladesh.<ref>{{cite news|title=Pop Sensation of Yesteryears Pilu Momtaz Passes Away |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=186948/AFq68Q4G_story.html |work=The Daily Star |date=2011-05-24 |access-date=2011-05-31 |url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120111100020/http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=186948%2FAFq68Q4G_story.html |archive-date=2012-01-11 }}</ref> About his career, pop singer [[Habib Wahid]] said, "the history of Bangladeshi rock music began with Azam Khan. His songs were very popular in the post-independence Bangladesh, and they haven't lost their appeal at all." Female rock artist [[Mila Islam]] said, "Azam Khan introduced the genre [[rock and roll]] to Bangladeshi people." Indie musician [[Shayan Chowdhury Arnob]] said, "He is not among us anymore but his songs will keep his spirit alive. He'll live forever through his music."<ref>{{cite news |last=Shazu |first=Shah Alam |date=25 July 2011 |title=How singers of this generation evaluate Azam Khan |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/newDesign/news-details.php?nid=195604 |newspaper=The Daily Star}}</ref>

== Influences ==
His influences included famous Indian singers such as [[Kishore Kumar]], [[Hemanta Mukherjee]], [[Manna Dey]] and British rock bands like, [[the Beatles]] and [[the Rolling Stones]]. His mother who was a singer herself, was most likely his biggest influence however, for she was responsible for instilling in him a passion for music from a very early age.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/tags/freedom-fighters-azam-khan|title=Freedom fighter Azam Khan|work=The Daily Star|access-date=9 February 2022}}</ref>

== Awards ==

Khan has been awarded several awards for his contributions to the country and the Bangladeshi music. In 1993, he won the ''Best Pop Singer Award'', ''Television Audience Award'' in 2002. He also received the ''Lifetime Achievement Award'' with Coca-Cola gold bottle, ''Award of Council of Urban Guerilla'', ''Dhaka '71 and Freedom Fighter Award'' from [[Radio Today]]. On 20 February 2019, he was awarded the second highest civilian honour award ''"[[Ekushey Padak]]"'' posthumously for his contribution to the [[1971 Liberation War]] and Bangladeshi music industry by prime minister [[Sheikh Hasina]].

== Discography ==

* ''"অভিমানী (Arrogant)"''
* ''"আলাল ও দুলাল (Alal and Dulal)"''
* "মাটির পৃথিবীতে (On the Earth)"
* ''"বাংলাদেশ (Bangladesh)"''
* ''"কিছু চাওয়া (Something to Ask)"''
* ''"দিদিমা (Granny)"''
* ''"কেউ নাই আমার (I Have No One)"''
* ''"নীল নয়না (Blue Eyes)"''
* ''"পুরে যাচ্ছে (It’s Burning)"''
* ''"রেল লাইনের ওই বস্তিতে (In the Slum Beside the Rail Line)"''
* ''"গুরু তোমায় সালাম (Salam to You, Guru)"'' (2011)
* ''"সালেকা মালেকা (Saleka Maleka)"'' (2017)

== Filmography ==
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="auto"
|-
!
! Film name
! Year
! Character
|-
| 1|| ''"হীরামনি (Hiramani)"'' ||align="center" |1986 || Himself
|-
| 2|| ''"Godfather"'' ||align="center" |1993 || Himself
|}

==Further reading==
* {{cite journal|editor-last=Hoque|editor-first=Maqsoodul|title=History of Bangladeshi Rock|journal=The Legacy of Azam Khan|year=2022}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons}}
*[https://www.discogs.com/artist/5795255-Azam-Khan-3 Azam Khan] on [[Discogs]]
*[https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/artists/ed3c0672-28e9-42d7-8eff-17e9f29e88b4 Azam Khan] on [[BBC Music]]
*{{imdbname|7834002}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Khan, Azam}}
[[Category:1950 births]]
[[Category:2011 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Bangladeshi male singers]]
[[Category:20th-century Bangladeshi singers]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi pop singers]]
[[Category:21st-century Bangladeshi male singers]]
[[Category:21st-century Bangladeshi singers]]
[[Category:Bangladesh Liberation War]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Ekushey Padak in arts]]

Azam Khan (singer) - Revision history

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