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{{short description|Political party in Pakistan}}
{{Infobox political party
| name = Awami League
| native_name = عوامی لیگ
| native_name_lang = ur
| lang1 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| name_lang1 = আওয়ামী লীগ
| colorcode = #007f66
| abbreviation = AL
| founder = [[Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy]]
| founded = {{Start date|df=yes|p=y|1949|6|23}}
| dissolved = {{Start date|df=yes|p=y|1971|3|26}}
| split = [[Muslim League (Pakistan)|Muslim League]]
| successor = [[Bangladesh Awami League]]
| newspaper = [[The Daily Ittefaq|Daily Ittefaq]]
| country = Pakistan
| logo = First Flag of Bangladesh Awami League (1947-1971).png
| country2 = Bangladesh
}}
'''Awami League''' ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|عوامی لیگ}}}}; {{lang-bn|আওয়ামী লীগ}}) was a Pakistani political party founded by [[Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy]] in February 1950. [[Pir of Manki Sharif]] and Khan Ghulam Mohammad Khan from the [[North-West Frontier Province (1901–55)|North-West Frontier Province]] (NWFP) joined it soon afterwards.{{sfn|Kamran, Early phase of electoral politics in Pakistan|2009|p=269}}{{sfn|Chowdhury, Moulana Bhashani Leader of the Toiling Masses|2012|p=72}}

==History==
In East Pakistan, East Pakistan Awami Muslim League ({{lang-bn|পূর্ব পাকিস্তান আওয়ামী মুসলিম লীগ}}) was founded by [[Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani]] and [[Yar Mohammad Khan]] in June 1949.{{sfn|Chowdhury, Moulana Bhashani Leader of the Toiling Masses|2012|p=72}} It was established as the Bengali alternative to the Urdu dominated Muslim League in Pakistan and over centralization of the government. The party quickly gained massive popular support in East Bengal.<ref name="samsuddin" /> In the 1954 provincial election in Bengal, the party won 143 seats. The [[United Front (East Pakistan)|United Front of East Pakistan]] led by Haq, Bhasani and Surahwardhy the party won a total of 223 seats, soundly defeating the Muslim League with 10 seats.{{sfn|Kamran, Early phase of electoral politics in Pakistan|2009|p=277–278}}

In 1950, [[Iftikhar Mamdot]], who was dismissed from the premiership of [[Punjab, Pakistan|Punjab]], formed a party called Jinnah Muslim League. The two parties merged to form Jinnah Awami Muslim League prior to the provincial elections in 1951.{{sfn|Kamran, Early phase of electoral politics in Pakistan|2009|p=264}} In the Punjab provincial election in 1951, the Jinnah Awami Muslim League polled 18.3 percent votes and won 32 seats.{{sfn|Kamran, Early phase of electoral politics in Pakistan|2009|p=264}} In the NWFP, it won 4 seats.{{sfn|Kamran, Early phase of electoral politics in Pakistan|2009|p=269}}

Subsequently, the two parties merged in 1959 and used the name ''All Pakistan Awami Muslim League''.{{sfn|Kamran, Early phase of electoral politics in Pakistan|2009|p=274}} The party later dropped All Pakistan and named the party [[Bangladesh Awami League|Awami Muslim League]] in East Pakistan. Later, the party evolved under the leadership of [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] (himself a former aide to Suharwardy) and was named the Awami League .<ref name="samsuddin">Abu Zafar Shamsddin, Atmasriti (Self-memories) -1st part, Dhaka, 2011.</ref> After long arduous consultations and negotiations by [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]] with the west Pakistan establishment of remaining united as a single nation without bloodshed eventually led the forces of Bangladesh nationalism in the struggle against West Pakistan's military, socio economic and political control, and the civil establishment.<ref name="samsuddin" />

After [[Operation Searchlight]], In a radio address on the evening of March 26, [[Yahya Khan]], the then president of Pakistan, declared the Awami League treasonous and banned the party. In addition to this, the government seized the bank accounts of the Awami League.{{sfn|Chowdhury|pp=58}}

==President==
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!President<ref>{{Cite news|date=21 October 2016|title=AL holds 20th council with Sheikh Hasina as longest-serving president|work=Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha|url=http://www.bssnews.net/newsDetails.php?cat=0&id=614774&date=2016-10-21|url-status=dead|access-date=6 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107093017/http://www.bssnews.net/newsDetails.php?cat=0&id=614774&date=2016-10-21|archive-date=7 November 2022}}</ref><ref name="Prothom Alo NewsLink1">{{cite news|date=23 June 2016|script-title=bn:কতটুকু এগিয়েছে আওয়ামী লীগ|language=bn|newspaper=[[Prothom Alo]]|url=http://www.prothom-alo.com/opinion/article/896209/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81-%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%93%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%97|type=Opinion|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171231100048/http://www.prothomalo.com/opinion/article/896209/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81-%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%93%E0%A7%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%97|archive-date=31 December 2022}}</ref>!!Elected (National Council; NC)!!In Office!!Term length
|-
|[[Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani]]
|NC: 1949, 53, 55
|23 June 1949 – 27 July 1956
|{{ayd|1949|6|23|1956|7|27}}
|-
| [[Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy]]
| (acting)
| 27 July 1956 – 10 October 1957
| {{ayd|1956|7|27|1957|10|10}}
|-
| [[Abdur Rashid Tarkabagish]]
| NC: 1957, 64
| 10 October 1957 – 25 January 1966
| {{ayd|1957|10|10|1966|1|25}}
|-
| [[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]]
| NC: 1966, 70
| 25 January 1966 – 26 March 1971
|{{ayd|1966|1|25|1971|3|26}}
|-
|}

==General Secretary==
{| class="wikitable"
! align="center" |Name
! align="center" |Assumed office
! align="center" |Left office
!align=center|Ref
|-
|[[Shamsul Huq]]
|1949
|1953
|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.albd.org/autoalbd/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=569&Itemid=1|title=Bangladesh Awami League, a pioneer in practicing democracy within party|date=23 July 2009|website=Bangladesh Awami League|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617141345/http://www.albd.org/autoalbd/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=569&Itemid=1|archive-date=17 June 2010|access-date=31 October 2022}}</ref>
|-
|[[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]]
|1953
|1966
|<ref name="Constitution">{{cite news|url=http://publication.albd.org/declaration-and-constitution-2016/#p=112|title=Bangladesh Awami League Constitution|access-date=24 January 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200124162436/http://publication.albd.org/declaration-and-constitution-2016/%23p=112|archive-date=24 January 2020|agency=Bangladesh Awami League}}</ref>
|-
|[[Tajuddin Ahmad]]
|1966
|1972
|<ref name="Constitution"/>
|}

==State leaders==
{|class="wikitable"
|-
| style="text-align: center; background:#white;" colspan="4" |[[File:Flag of the Prime Minister of Pakistan.svg|70px]] [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]]
|-
! Name
! Term in office
|-
| [[Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy]]
| 1956–1957
|}

{|class="wikitable"
|-
| style="text-align: center; background:#white;" colspan="4" |[[File:Flag of Pakistan.svg|70px]] [[Chief Minister of East Pakistan]]
|-
! Name
! Term in office
|-
| [[Ataur Rahman Khan]]
| 1956–1958
|}

==Electoral history==
'''Pakistan National Assembly elections'''
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|-
!Election
!Party leader
!Votes
!%
!Seats
!+/–
!Position
!Government
!Notes
|-
|[[1970 Pakistani general election|1970]]
|[[Sheikh Mujibur Rahman]]
| 12,937,162
| 39.2%
|{{Composition bar|160|300|hex={{party color|Bangladesh Awami League}}}}
|{{increase}} 160
|{{increase}} 1st
|{{No|Opposition}}
|After the [[1970 Pakistani general election|1970]] election it was blocked from governing by the West Pakistan
|}

'''East Pakistan Provincial Assembly elections'''
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center
|-
!Election
!Votes
!%
!Seats
! +/–
!Position
!Government
!Notes
|-
|[[1954 East Pakistani legislative election|1954]]
|
|
|{{Composition bar|143|237|hex={{party color|Bangladesh Awami League}}}}
|{{increase}} 143
|{{increase}} 1st
|{{Yes|Government}}
|
|-
|[[1970 Pakistani general election|1970]]
| 12,937,162
| 73.2%
|{{Composition bar|288|300|hex={{party color|Bangladesh Awami League}}}}
|{{increase}} 45
|{{steady}} 1st
|{{No|Opposition}}
|After the [[1970 Pakistani general election|1970]] election it was blocked from governing by the West Pakistan
|}

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Bibliography==
* {{citation |last=Chowdhury |first=Anisuzzaman |title=Moulana Bhashani Leader of the Toiling Masses: Leader of the Toiling Masses |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jR5QAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT72 |year=2012 |publisher=Moulana Bhashani Foundation |isbn=978-1-4691-3790-2 |ref={{sfnref|Chowdhury, Moulana Bhashani Leader of the Toiling Masses|2022}}}}
* {{cite journal |last=Kamran |first=Tahir |date=July–December 2009 |title=Early phase of electoral politics in Pakistan: 1950s |url= |journal=South Asian Studies |volume=24 |number=2 |pages=257–282 |ref={{sfnref|Kamran, Early phase of electoral politics in Pakistan|2022}} }}
* {{citation |last=Samad |first=Yunas |title=A Nation in Turmoil: Nationalism and Ethnicity in Pakistan, 1937-1958 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YUNuAAAAMAAJ |year=1995 |publisher=Sage |isbn=978-0-8039-9214-6 |ref={{sfnref|Samad, A Nation in Turmoil|1995}}}}
* {{Cite book |last=Chowdhury |first=Afsan |author-link=Afsan Chowdhury|year=2021 |orig-year= |title=১৯৭১: অসহযোগ আন্দোলন ও প্রতিরোধ|trans-title=1971: Non-Cooperation Movement and Resistance|lang=bn|publisher=Kothaprokash |location=Dhaka |isbn=9789845101332 |url= |ref={{SfnRef|Chowdhury}}}}

{{Bangladesh Awami League}}

[[Category:Bangladesh Awami League]]
[[Category:Muslim League breakaway groups]]
[[Category:1949 establishments in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1949]]
[[Category:Political parties disestablished in 1971]]
[[Category:Defunct political parties in Pakistan]]

Awami League (Pakistan) - Revision history

Bot at 16:39, 10 November 2022