Asmaka - Revision history

BeauGleason6763 at 15:30, 28 March 2026

2026-03-28T15:30:33Z

110.227.17.20 at 03:13, 24 September 2021

2021-09-24T03:13:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:43, 24 September 2021
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	{{About\|the historical region of ~~Assaka Maharattha~~\|the kingdom in Indian ~~Buddhist~~ Literature\|~~Assaka~~}}		{{About\|the historical region of Asmaka\|the kingdom in Indian Epic Literature\|Asmaka Kingdom}}
	{{short description\|Ancient kingdom in India}}		{{short description\|Ancient kingdom in India}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2017}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2017}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=July 2017}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=July 2017}}
	{{Infobox former country		{{Infobox former country
	\| native_name = ~~[[Vidarbha Kingdom]] Andhrabhrittya~~		\| native_name =
	\| conventional_long_name = ~~Assaka~~ Mahajanapada		\| conventional_long_name = Asmaka Mahajanapada
	\| common_name = Assaka		\| common_name = Assaka
	\| era = [[Bronze Age]], [[Iron Age]]		\| era = [[Bronze Age]], [[Iron Age]]
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	\| image_map = Mahajanapadas_(c._500_BCE).png		\| image_map = Mahajanapadas_(c._500_BCE).png
	\| image_map_alt =		\| image_map_alt =
	\| image_map_caption = Assaka and other Mahajanapadas in the ~~Therveda~~ period.		\| image_map_caption = Assaka and other Mahajanapadas in the Post Vedic period.
	\| leader1 =		\| leader1 =
	\| capital = Potali or Podana (present day [[Bodhan]]), <br />~~Assaka~~		\| capital = Potali or Podana (present day [[Bodhan]]), <br />Asikanagara
	\| common_languages = [[~~Pali~~]], [[Sanskrit]]		\| common_languages = [[Maharashtri ]]<nowiki>I ((Marathi))]] </nowiki>[[Sanskrit]]
	\| religion = [[~~Buddhism~~]]<br />[[~~Ajivikas~~]]<br />[[~~Jain~~]]		\| religion = [[Hinduism]]<br />[[Buddhism]]<br />[[Jainism]]
	\| currency =		\| currency =
	\| title_leader = [[Maharaja]]		\| title_leader = [[Maharaja]]
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	{{HistoryOfSouthAsia}}		{{HistoryOfSouthAsia}}

	'''~~Assaka~~''' ([[IAST]]: {{IAST\|~~Assaka~~}}) or '''Assaka''' (Pali) was a [[Mahajanapadas\|Mahajanapada]] in [[ancient India]] which existed between 700 BCE and 425 or 345 BCE according to the Buddhist text ''[[Aṅguttara Nikāya\|Anguttara Nikaya]]''. It was located around and between the [[Godavari River\|Godavari]] river<ref name=":0" /> in present-day [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Telangana]], and ~~[[Vidarbha]]~~ [[Maharashtra~~\|ofMaharashtra~~]]. Its capital is variously called Potali or Podana, and is identified as present-day [[Bodhan]] in Telangana.<ref name=":1" />		'''Asmaka''' ([[IAST]]: {{IAST\|Asmaka}}) or '''Assaka''' (Pali) was a [[Mahajanapadas\|Mahajanapada]] in [[ancient India]] which existed between 700 BCE and 425 or 345 BCE according to the Buddhist text ''[[Aṅguttara Nikāya\|Anguttara Nikaya]]'' and ''[[Puranas]]''. It was located around and between the [[Godavari River\|Godavari]] river<ref name=":0" /> in present-day [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Telangana]], and [[Maharashtra]]. Its capital is variously called Potali or Podana, and is identified as present-day [[Bodhan]] in Telangana.<ref name=":1" />

	== History ==		== History ==
	Asmaka was located around and between the river Godavari.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LzHpZ5N5MhcC&q=assaka+aurangabad&pg=PA18\|title=Geography from Ancient Indian Coins & Seals\|last=Gupta\|first=Parmanand\|date=1989\|publisher=Concept Publishing Company\|isbn=9788170222484\|language=en}}</ref> It included areas in present-day [[Telangana]], and [[~~Vidarbha\|Vidarbha presently in~~ Maharashtra]].<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qQ5kDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT307\|title=Laxminama: Monks, Merchants, Money and Mantra\|last1=Tiwari\|first1=Anshuman\|last2=Sengupta\|first2=Anindya\|date=2018-08-10\|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing\|isbn=9789387146808\|pages=307\|language=en}}</ref> It was one of the ''shodasa'' (sixteen) [[Mahajanapadas]] in the 6th century BCE, mentioned in the Buddhist text ''[[Aṅguttara Nikāya\|Anguttara Nikaya]]''.<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YApuAAAAMAAJ\|title=Tribes in Ancient India\|last=Law\|first=Bimala Churn\|date=1973\|publisher=Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute\|pages=180\|language=en}}</ref> Puranas mention Asmaka as one of the conquered territories of the [[Nanda Empire\|Nandas]] in the 5th or 4th century BCE.		Asmaka was located around and between the river Godavari.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LzHpZ5N5MhcC&q=assaka+aurangabad&pg=PA18\|title=Geography from Ancient Indian Coins & Seals\|last=Gupta\|first=Parmanand\|date=1989\|publisher=Concept Publishing Company\|isbn=9788170222484\|language=en}}</ref> It included areas in present-day [[Telangana]], and [[Maharashtra]].<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qQ5kDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT307\|title=Laxminama: Monks, Merchants, Money and Mantra\|last1=Tiwari\|first1=Anshuman\|last2=Sengupta\|first2=Anindya\|date=2018-08-10\|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing\|isbn=9789387146808\|pages=307\|language=en}}</ref> It was one of the ''shodasa'' (sixteen) [[Mahajanapadas]] in the 6th century BCE, mentioned in the Buddhist text ''[[Aṅguttara Nikāya\|Anguttara Nikaya]]''.<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YApuAAAAMAAJ\|title=Tribes in Ancient India\|last=Law\|first=Bimala Churn\|date=1973\|publisher=Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute\|pages=180\|language=en}}</ref> Puranas mention Asmaka as one of the conquered territories of the [[Nanda Empire\|Nandas]] in the 5th or 4th century BCE.

	The capital is variously called Potali or Podana, which is identified as present-day [[Bodhan]] in Telangana.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&pg=PA109\|title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization\|last=Sen\|first=Sailendra Nath\|date=1999\|publisher=New Age International\|isbn=9788122411980\|pages=109\|language=en}}</ref> The Buddhist text ''Mahagovinda Suttanta'' mentions about a ruler of Asmaka, Brahmadatta who ruled from Potali.<ref>Raychaudhuri, Hemchandra (1972) ''Political History of Ancient India'', University of Calcutta, mumbai, p.80</ref> The [[Matsya Purana]] (ch. 272) lists twenty-five rulers of Aśmaka, contemporary to the [[Shishunaga]] rulers of [[Magadha]]. [[Pāṇini\|Panini]] in his 'Aṣṭādhyāyī' mentions Asmaka Kingdom in connection with Dakshinatya and [[Kalinga (historical region)\|Kalinga]].<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Gupta\|first=Kalyan Kumar Das\|date=1972\|title=The Aśvakas: an Early Indian Tribe\|journal=East and West\|volume=22\|issue=1/2\|pages=33–40\|jstor=29755742\|issn=0012-8376}}</ref>		The capital is variously called Potali or Podana, which is identified as present-day [[Bodhan]] in Telangana.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&pg=PA109\|title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization\|last=Sen\|first=Sailendra Nath\|date=1999\|publisher=New Age International\|isbn=9788122411980\|pages=109\|language=en}}</ref> The Buddhist text ''Mahagovinda Suttanta'' mentions about a ruler of Asmaka, Brahmadatta who ruled from Potali.<ref>Raychaudhuri, Hemchandra (1972) ''Political History of Ancient India'', University of Calcutta, mumbai, p.80</ref> The [[Matsya Purana]] (ch. 272) lists twenty-five rulers of Aśmaka, contemporary to the [[Shishunaga]] rulers of [[Magadha]]. [[Pāṇini\|Panini]] in his 'Aṣṭādhyāyī' mentions Asmaka Kingdom in connection with Dakshinatya and [[Kalinga (historical region)\|Kalinga]].<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Gupta\|first=Kalyan Kumar Das\|date=1972\|title=The Aśvakas: an Early Indian Tribe\|journal=East and West\|volume=22\|issue=1/2\|pages=33–40\|jstor=29755742\|issn=0012-8376}}</ref>
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	Asmaka is also identified as Assaka and [[Aśvakas]] in [[Buddhist]] literature and [[Gatha Saptashati]] of king [[Hāla]].{{Citation needed\|date=October 2020}}		Asmaka is also identified as Assaka and [[Aśvakas]] in [[Buddhist]] literature and [[Gatha Saptashati]] of king [[Hāla]].{{Citation needed\|date=October 2020}}

	The [[Hathigumpha inscription]] of [[Kharavela]] (2nd century BCE) mentions Kharavela's threat to a city variously interpreted as "~~Maharattha~~" as ~~known as Assaka~~.<ref name="NKSahu_1984">{{cite book\|author1=N. K. Sahu\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xlMhAAAAMAAJ\|title=Khâravela\|author2=Kharavela (King of Kalinga)\|publisher=Orissa State Museum\|year=1984}}</ref>{{rp\|127}} According to [[Ajay Mitra Shastri]], "Asika-nagara" was located in the present-day village of Adam in [[Nagpur district]] (on the [[Wainganga River]]). A terracotta seal excavated in the village mentions the ~~Assaka~~ [[janapada]].<ref>{{cite book\|author=Ajay Mitra Shastri\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S0puAAAAMAAJ\|title=The Sātavāhanas and the Western Kshatrapas: a historical framework\|publisher=Dattsons\|year=1998\|isbn=978-81-7192-031-0\|page=56}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|author1=Inguva Karthikeya Sarma\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JDsaAAAAYAAJ\|title=Early Brāhmī Inscriptions from Sannati\|author2=J. Vara Prasada Rao\|date=1 January 1993\|publisher=Harman Publishing House\|isbn=978-81-85151-68-7\|page=68}}</ref> ~~Assaka~~ also included Mulaka area around [[Paithan]] known in ancient times as [[Pratishthana]].<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MazdaWXQFuQC&q=assaka+mahajanapada&pg=SL1-PA173\|title=Indian History\|date=1988\|publisher=Allied Publishers\|isbn=978-81-8424-568-4\|language=en}}</ref> According to ''[[Sutta Nipata]]'' Saketa or [[Ayodhya]] was first halting place on the southward road ([[Dakshinapatha]]) from [[Shravasti]] to Pratishthana.{{sfn\|Bakker, Ayodhya, Part 1\|1984\|p=5}}		The [[Hathigumpha inscription]] of [[Kharavela]] (2nd century BCE) mentions Kharavela's threat to a city variously interpreted as "Masika" (Masikanagara), "Musika" (Musikanagara) or "Asika" (Asikanagara). N. K. Sahu identifies Asika as the capital of Asmaka.<ref name="NKSahu_1984">{{cite book\|author1=N. K. Sahu\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xlMhAAAAMAAJ\|title=Khâravela\|author2=Kharavela (King of Kalinga)\|publisher=Orissa State Museum\|year=1984}}</ref>{{rp\|127}} According to [[Ajay Mitra Shastri]], "Asika-nagara" was located in the present-day village of Adam in [[Nagpur district]] (on the [[Wainganga River]]). A terracotta seal excavated in the village mentions the Asmaka [[janapada]].<ref>{{cite book\|author=Ajay Mitra Shastri\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S0puAAAAMAAJ\|title=The Sātavāhanas and the Western Kshatrapas: a historical framework\|publisher=Dattsons\|year=1998\|isbn=978-81-7192-031-0\|page=56}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|author1=Inguva Karthikeya Sarma\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JDsaAAAAYAAJ\|title=Early Brāhmī Inscriptions from Sannati\|author2=J. Vara Prasada Rao\|date=1 January 1993\|publisher=Harman Publishing House\|isbn=978-81-85151-68-7\|page=68}}</ref> Asmaka also included Mulaka area around [[Paithan]] known in ancient times as [[Pratishthana]].<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MazdaWXQFuQC&q=assaka+mahajanapada&pg=SL1-PA173\|title=Indian History\|date=1988\|publisher=Allied Publishers\|isbn=978-81-8424-568-4\|language=en}}</ref> According to ''[[Sutta Nipata]]'' Saketa or [[Ayodhya]] was first halting place on the southward road ([[Dakshinapatha]]) from [[Shravasti]] to Pratishthana.{{sfn\|Bakker, Ayodhya, Part 1\|1984\|p=5}}

	==See also==		==See also==

2402:8100:30AB:7B2A:1:0:19DD:2C82: Vidarbha

2021-08-16T17:39:37Z

Vidarbha

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:09, 16 August 2021
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	{{About\|the historical region of ~~Aśmaka~~\|the kingdom in Indian ~~Epic~~ Literature\|~~Asmaka Kingdom~~}}		{{About\|the historical region of Assaka Maharattha\|the kingdom in Indian Buddhist Literature\|Assaka}}
	{{short description\|~~Former country~~}}		{{short description\|Ancient kingdom in India}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2017}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=July 2017}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=July 2017}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=July 2017}}
	{{Infobox former country		{{Infobox former country
	\| native_name =		\| native_name = [[Vidarbha Kingdom]] Andhrabhrittya
	\| conventional_long_name = ~~Asmaka~~ Mahajanapada		\| conventional_long_name = Assaka Mahajanapada
	\| common_name = Assaka		\| common_name = Assaka
	\| era = [[Bronze Age]], [[Iron Age]]		\| era = [[Bronze Age]], [[Iron Age]]
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	\| image_map = Mahajanapadas_(c._500_BCE).png		\| image_map = Mahajanapadas_(c._500_BCE).png
	\| image_map_alt =		\| image_map_alt =
	\| image_map_caption = Assaka and other Mahajanapadas in the ~~Post Vedic~~ period.		\| image_map_caption = Assaka and other Mahajanapadas in the Therveda period.
	\| leader1 =		\| leader1 =
	\| capital = Potali or Podana (present day [[Bodhan]]), <br />~~Asikanagara~~		\| capital = Potali or Podana (present day [[Bodhan]]), <br />Assaka
	\| common_languages = [[Sanskrit]]		\| common_languages = [[Pali]], [[Sanskrit]]
	\| religion = [[~~Hinduism~~]]<br />[[~~Buddhism~~]]<br />[[~~Jainism~~]]		\| religion = [[Buddhism]]<br />[[Ajivikas]]<br />[[Jain]]
	\| currency =		\| currency =
	\| title_leader = [[Maharaja]]		\| title_leader = [[Maharaja]]
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	{{HistoryOfSouthAsia}}		{{HistoryOfSouthAsia}}

	'''~~Asmaka~~''' ([[IAST]]: {{IAST\|~~Aśmaka~~}}) or '''Assaka''' (Pali) was a [[Mahajanapadas\|Mahajanapada]] in [[ancient India]] which existed between 700 BCE and 425 or 345 BCE according to the Buddhist text ''[[Aṅguttara Nikāya\|Anguttara Nikaya~~]]'' and ''[[Puranas~~]]''. It was located around and between the [[Godavari River\|Godavari]] river<ref name=":0" /> in present-day [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Telangana]], and [[Maharashtra]]. Its capital is variously called Potali or Podana, and is identified as present-day [[Bodhan]] in Telangana.<ref name=":1" />		'''Assaka''' ([[IAST]]: {{IAST\|Assaka}}) or '''Assaka''' (Pali) was a [[Mahajanapadas\|Mahajanapada]] in [[ancient India]] which existed between 700 BCE and 425 or 345 BCE according to the Buddhist text ''[[Aṅguttara Nikāya\|Anguttara Nikaya]]''. It was located around and between the [[Godavari River\|Godavari]] river<ref name=":0" /> in present-day [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Telangana]], and [[Vidarbha]] [[Maharashtra\|ofMaharashtra]]. Its capital is variously called Potali or Podana, and is identified as present-day [[Bodhan]] in Telangana.<ref name=":1" />

	== History ==		== History ==
	Asmaka was located around and between the river Godavari.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LzHpZ5N5MhcC&q=assaka+aurangabad&pg=PA18\|title=Geography from Ancient Indian Coins & Seals\|last=Gupta\|first=Parmanand\|date=1989\|publisher=Concept Publishing Company\|isbn=9788170222484\|language=en}}</ref> It included areas in present-day [[Telangana]], and [[Maharashtra]].<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qQ5kDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT307\|title=Laxminama: Monks, Merchants, Money and Mantra\|last1=Tiwari\|first1=Anshuman\|last2=Sengupta\|first2=Anindya\|date=2018-08-10\|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing\|isbn=9789387146808\|pages=307\|language=en}}</ref> It was one of the ''shodasa'' (sixteen) [[Mahajanapadas]] in the 6th century BCE, mentioned in the Buddhist text ''[[Aṅguttara Nikāya\|Anguttara Nikaya]]''.<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YApuAAAAMAAJ\|title=Tribes in Ancient India\|last=Law\|first=Bimala Churn\|date=1973\|publisher=Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute\|pages=180\|language=en}}</ref> Puranas mention Asmaka as one of the conquered territories of the [[Nanda Empire\|Nandas]] in the 5th or 4th century BCE.		Asmaka was located around and between the river Godavari.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LzHpZ5N5MhcC&q=assaka+aurangabad&pg=PA18\|title=Geography from Ancient Indian Coins & Seals\|last=Gupta\|first=Parmanand\|date=1989\|publisher=Concept Publishing Company\|isbn=9788170222484\|language=en}}</ref> It included areas in present-day [[Telangana]], and [[Vidarbha\|Vidarbha presently in Maharashtra]].<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qQ5kDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT307\|title=Laxminama: Monks, Merchants, Money and Mantra\|last1=Tiwari\|first1=Anshuman\|last2=Sengupta\|first2=Anindya\|date=2018-08-10\|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing\|isbn=9789387146808\|pages=307\|language=en}}</ref> It was one of the ''shodasa'' (sixteen) [[Mahajanapadas]] in the 6th century BCE, mentioned in the Buddhist text ''[[Aṅguttara Nikāya\|Anguttara Nikaya]]''.<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YApuAAAAMAAJ\|title=Tribes in Ancient India\|last=Law\|first=Bimala Churn\|date=1973\|publisher=Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute\|pages=180\|language=en}}</ref> Puranas mention Asmaka as one of the conquered territories of the [[Nanda Empire\|Nandas]] in the 5th or 4th century BCE.

	The capital is variously called Potali or Podana, which is identified as present-day [[Bodhan]] in Telangana.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&pg=PA109\|title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization\|last=Sen\|first=Sailendra Nath\|date=1999\|publisher=New Age International\|isbn=9788122411980\|pages=109\|language=en}}</ref> The Buddhist text ''Mahagovinda Suttanta'' mentions about a ruler of Asmaka, Brahmadatta who ruled from Potali.<ref>Raychaudhuri, Hemchandra (1972) ''Political History of Ancient India'', University of Calcutta, mumbai, p.80</ref> The [[Matsya Purana]] (ch. 272) lists twenty-five rulers of Aśmaka, contemporary to the [[Shishunaga]] rulers of [[Magadha]]. [[Pāṇini\|Panini]] in his 'Aṣṭādhyāyī' mentions Asmaka Kingdom in connection with Dakshinatya and [[Kalinga (historical region)\|Kalinga]].<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Gupta\|first=Kalyan Kumar Das\|date=1972\|title=The Aśvakas: an Early Indian Tribe\|journal=East and West\|volume=22\|issue=1/2\|pages=33–40\|jstor=29755742\|issn=0012-8376}}</ref>		The capital is variously called Potali or Podana, which is identified as present-day [[Bodhan]] in Telangana.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&pg=PA109\|title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization\|last=Sen\|first=Sailendra Nath\|date=1999\|publisher=New Age International\|isbn=9788122411980\|pages=109\|language=en}}</ref> The Buddhist text ''Mahagovinda Suttanta'' mentions about a ruler of Asmaka, Brahmadatta who ruled from Potali.<ref>Raychaudhuri, Hemchandra (1972) ''Political History of Ancient India'', University of Calcutta, mumbai, p.80</ref> The [[Matsya Purana]] (ch. 272) lists twenty-five rulers of Aśmaka, contemporary to the [[Shishunaga]] rulers of [[Magadha]]. [[Pāṇini\|Panini]] in his 'Aṣṭādhyāyī' mentions Asmaka Kingdom in connection with Dakshinatya and [[Kalinga (historical region)\|Kalinga]].<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Gupta\|first=Kalyan Kumar Das\|date=1972\|title=The Aśvakas: an Early Indian Tribe\|journal=East and West\|volume=22\|issue=1/2\|pages=33–40\|jstor=29755742\|issn=0012-8376}}</ref>
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	Asmaka is also identified as Assaka and [[Aśvakas]] in [[Buddhist]] literature and [[Gatha Saptashati]] of king [[Hāla]].{{Citation needed\|date=October 2020}}		Asmaka is also identified as Assaka and [[Aśvakas]] in [[Buddhist]] literature and [[Gatha Saptashati]] of king [[Hāla]].{{Citation needed\|date=October 2020}}

	The [[Hathigumpha inscription]] of [[Kharavela]] (2nd century BCE) mentions Kharavela's threat to a city variously interpreted as "~~Masika~~" ~~(Masikanagara), "Musika" (Musikanagara) or "Asika" (Asikanagara). N. K. Sahu identifies Asika~~ as ~~the capital of Asmaka~~.<ref name="NKSahu_1984">{{cite book\|author1=N. K. Sahu\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xlMhAAAAMAAJ\|title=Khâravela\|author2=Kharavela (King of Kalinga)\|publisher=Orissa State Museum\|year=1984}}</ref>{{rp\|127}} According to [[Ajay Mitra Shastri]], "Asika-nagara" was located in the present-day village of Adam in [[Nagpur district]] (on the [[Wainganga River]]). A terracotta seal excavated in the village mentions the ~~Asmaka~~ [[janapada]].<ref>{{cite book\|author=Ajay Mitra Shastri\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S0puAAAAMAAJ\|title=The Sātavāhanas and the Western Kshatrapas: a historical framework\|publisher=Dattsons\|year=1998\|isbn=978-81-7192-031-0\|page=56}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|author1=Inguva Karthikeya Sarma\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JDsaAAAAYAAJ\|title=Early Brāhmī Inscriptions from Sannati\|author2=J. Vara Prasada Rao\|date=1 January 1993\|publisher=Harman Publishing House\|isbn=978-81-85151-68-7\|page=68}}</ref> ~~Asmaka~~ also included Mulaka area around [[Paithan]] known in ancient times as [[Pratishthana]].<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MazdaWXQFuQC&q=assaka+mahajanapada&pg=SL1-PA173\|title=Indian History\|date=1988\|publisher=Allied Publishers\|isbn=978-81-8424-568-4\|language=en}}</ref> According to ''[[Sutta Nipata]]'' Saketa or [[Ayodhya]] was first halting place on the southward road ([[Dakshinapatha]]) from [[Shravasti]] to Pratishthana.{{sfn\|Bakker, Ayodhya, Part 1\|1984\|p=5}}		The [[Hathigumpha inscription]] of [[Kharavela]] (2nd century BCE) mentions Kharavela's threat to a city variously interpreted as "Maharattha" as known as Assaka.<ref name="NKSahu_1984">{{cite book\|author1=N. K. Sahu\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xlMhAAAAMAAJ\|title=Khâravela\|author2=Kharavela (King of Kalinga)\|publisher=Orissa State Museum\|year=1984}}</ref>{{rp\|127}} According to [[Ajay Mitra Shastri]], "Asika-nagara" was located in the present-day village of Adam in [[Nagpur district]] (on the [[Wainganga River]]). A terracotta seal excavated in the village mentions the Assaka [[janapada]].<ref>{{cite book\|author=Ajay Mitra Shastri\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S0puAAAAMAAJ\|title=The Sātavāhanas and the Western Kshatrapas: a historical framework\|publisher=Dattsons\|year=1998\|isbn=978-81-7192-031-0\|page=56}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|author1=Inguva Karthikeya Sarma\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JDsaAAAAYAAJ\|title=Early Brāhmī Inscriptions from Sannati\|author2=J. Vara Prasada Rao\|date=1 January 1993\|publisher=Harman Publishing House\|isbn=978-81-85151-68-7\|page=68}}</ref> Assaka also included Mulaka area around [[Paithan]] known in ancient times as [[Pratishthana]].<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MazdaWXQFuQC&q=assaka+mahajanapada&pg=SL1-PA173\|title=Indian History\|date=1988\|publisher=Allied Publishers\|isbn=978-81-8424-568-4\|language=en}}</ref> According to ''[[Sutta Nipata]]'' Saketa or [[Ayodhya]] was first halting place on the southward road ([[Dakshinapatha]]) from [[Shravasti]] to Pratishthana.{{sfn\|Bakker, Ayodhya, Part 1\|1984\|p=5}}

	==See also==		==See also==

>BrownHairedGirl: add {{Telangana}}, which links to this page

2021-05-02T12:12:21Z

add {{Telangana}}, which links to this page

New page

{{About|the historical region of Aśmaka|the kingdom in Indian Epic Literature|Asmaka Kingdom}}
{{short description|Former country}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}
{{Infobox former country
| native_name =
| conventional_long_name = Asmaka Mahajanapada
| common_name = Assaka
| era = [[Bronze Age]], [[Iron Age]]
| government_type = [[Monarchy]]
| year_start = c. 700 BCE
| year_end = 425 or 345 BCE
| s1 =
| image_map = Mahajanapadas_(c._500_BCE).png
| image_map_alt =
| image_map_caption = Assaka and other Mahajanapadas in the Post Vedic period.
| leader1 =
| capital = Potali or Podana (present day [[Bodhan]]), <br />Asikanagara
| common_languages = [[Sanskrit]]
| religion = [[Hinduism]]<br />[[Buddhism]]<br />[[Jainism]]
| currency =
| title_leader = [[Maharaja]]
| today = [[India]]
| demonym =
| area_km2 =
| area_rank =
| GDP_PPP =
| GDP_PPP_year =
| HDI =
| HDI_year =
}}

[[File:North India in 540 BCE.png|thumb|Map depicting 16 [[mahajanapada]]s kingdoms and other kingdoms of [[vedic era]] India in 540 BCE.]]
{{HistoryOfSouthAsia}}

'''Asmaka''' ([[IAST]]: {{IAST|Aśmaka}}) or '''Assaka''' (Pali) was a [[Mahajanapadas|Mahajanapada]] in [[ancient India]] which existed between 700 BCE and 425 or 345 BCE according to the Buddhist text ''[[Aṅguttara Nikāya|Anguttara Nikaya]]'' and ''[[Puranas]]''. It was located around and between the [[Godavari River|Godavari]] river<ref name=":0" /> in present-day [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Telangana]], and [[Maharashtra]]. Its capital is variously called Potali or Podana, and is identified as present-day [[Bodhan]] in Telangana.<ref name=":1" />

== History ==
Asmaka was located around and between the river Godavari.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LzHpZ5N5MhcC&q=assaka+aurangabad&pg=PA18|title=Geography from Ancient Indian Coins & Seals|last=Gupta|first=Parmanand|date=1989|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|isbn=9788170222484|language=en}}</ref> It included areas in present-day [[Telangana]], and [[Maharashtra]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qQ5kDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT307|title=Laxminama: Monks, Merchants, Money and Mantra|last1=Tiwari|first1=Anshuman|last2=Sengupta|first2=Anindya|date=2018-08-10|publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing|isbn=9789387146808|pages=307|language=en}}</ref> It was one of the ''shodasa'' (sixteen) [[Mahajanapadas]] in the 6th century BCE, mentioned in the Buddhist text ''[[Aṅguttara Nikāya|Anguttara Nikaya]]''.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YApuAAAAMAAJ|title=Tribes in Ancient India|last=Law|first=Bimala Churn|date=1973|publisher=Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute|pages=180|language=en}}</ref> Puranas mention Asmaka as one of the conquered territories of the [[Nanda Empire|Nandas]] in the 5th or 4th century BCE.

The capital is variously called Potali or Podana, which is identified as present-day [[Bodhan]] in Telangana.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wk4_ICH_g1EC&pg=PA109|title=Ancient Indian History and Civilization|last=Sen|first=Sailendra Nath|date=1999|publisher=New Age International|isbn=9788122411980|pages=109|language=en}}</ref> The Buddhist text ''Mahagovinda Suttanta'' mentions about a ruler of Asmaka, Brahmadatta who ruled from Potali.<ref>Raychaudhuri, Hemchandra (1972) ''Political History of Ancient India'', University of Calcutta, mumbai, p.80</ref> The [[Matsya Purana]] (ch. 272) lists twenty-five rulers of Aśmaka, contemporary to the [[Shishunaga]] rulers of [[Magadha]]. [[Pāṇini|Panini]] in his 'Aṣṭādhyāyī' mentions Asmaka Kingdom in connection with Dakshinatya and [[Kalinga (historical region)|Kalinga]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gupta|first=Kalyan Kumar Das|date=1972|title=The Aśvakas: an Early Indian Tribe|journal=East and West|volume=22|issue=1/2|pages=33–40|jstor=29755742|issn=0012-8376}}</ref>

Asmaka is also identified as Assaka and [[Aśvakas]] in [[Buddhist]] literature and [[Gatha Saptashati]] of king [[Hāla]].{{Citation needed|date=October 2020}}

The [[Hathigumpha inscription]] of [[Kharavela]] (2nd century BCE) mentions Kharavela's threat to a city variously interpreted as "Masika" (Masikanagara), "Musika" (Musikanagara) or "Asika" (Asikanagara). N. K. Sahu identifies Asika as the capital of Asmaka.<ref name="NKSahu_1984">{{cite book|author1=N. K. Sahu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xlMhAAAAMAAJ|title=Khâravela|author2=Kharavela (King of Kalinga)|publisher=Orissa State Museum|year=1984}}</ref>{{rp|127}} According to [[Ajay Mitra Shastri]], "Asika-nagara" was located in the present-day village of Adam in [[Nagpur district]] (on the [[Wainganga River]]). A terracotta seal excavated in the village mentions the Asmaka [[janapada]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Ajay Mitra Shastri|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S0puAAAAMAAJ|title=The Sātavāhanas and the Western Kshatrapas: a historical framework|publisher=Dattsons|year=1998|isbn=978-81-7192-031-0|page=56}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=Inguva Karthikeya Sarma|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JDsaAAAAYAAJ|title=Early Brāhmī Inscriptions from Sannati|author2=J. Vara Prasada Rao|date=1 January 1993|publisher=Harman Publishing House|isbn=978-81-85151-68-7|page=68}}</ref> Asmaka also included Mulaka area around [[Paithan]] known in ancient times as [[Pratishthana]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MazdaWXQFuQC&q=assaka+mahajanapada&pg=SL1-PA173|title=Indian History|date=1988|publisher=Allied Publishers|isbn=978-81-8424-568-4|language=en}}</ref> According to ''[[Sutta Nipata]]'' Saketa or [[Ayodhya]] was first halting place on the southward road ([[Dakshinapatha]]) from [[Shravasti]] to Pratishthana.{{sfn|Bakker, Ayodhya, Part 1|1984|p=5}}

==See also==
*[[Kingdoms of Ancient India]]
*[[Mahajanapada]]
*[[History of India]]
*[[History of Maharashtra]]
*[[Janapada]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Tribes and kingdoms of the Mahabharata}}
{{Mahajanapada |state=collapsed}}

{{Telangana}}

[[Category:Mahajanapadas]]

{{India-hist-stub}}