Arunthathiyar - Revision history

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← Older revision		Revision as of 02:55, 8 March 2026
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			{{Short description\|Dalit caste in South India}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2020}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=August 2020}}

	{{Use Indian English\|date=August 2020}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=August 2020}}
			{{Infobox caste
			\|caste_name=Arunthathiyar
			\|image=
			\|caption=
			\|languages=[[Tamil language\|Tamil]]{{}}[[Telugu language\|Telugu]]{{}}[[Kannada]]
			\|populated_states=[[Tamil Nadu]]{{}}[[Kerala]]{{}}[[Karnataka]]{{*}}[[Andhra Pradesh]]
			\|region=Northern and western Tamil Nadu
			\|population=2,150,285
			\|religions=[[Hinduism]]{{*}}[[Christianity]]
			\|country={{flag\|India}}
			\|ethnicity=[[South Asian]]
			\|classification=[[Scheduled caste]]
			\|subdivisions=Arunthathiyar{{}}Chakkiliyar{{}}Madari{{}}[[Madiga]]{{}}Pagadai{{}}Thoti{{}}[[Adi Andhra]]<ref>{{cite journal \| url=https://www.epw.in/journal/2013/08/commentary/caste-tamil-nadu-iii.html \| title=Caste in Tamil Nadu - III \| journal=Economic and Political Weekly \| date=5 June 2015 \| volume=48 \| issue=8 \| pages=7–8 }}</ref>
			}}

	{{Infobox caste\|caste_name=Arunthathiyar\|image=Adi Tamilar Peravai Protest.jpg\|caption=Arunthathiyar community Leader Athiyamaan and members at an Adi Tamizhar Peravai Protest\|languages=[[Tamil language\|Tamil]]{{}}[[Telugu language\|Telugu]]{{}}[[Kannada]]\|populated_states=[[Tamil Nadu]]{{}}[[Kerala]]{{}}[[Andhra Pradesh]]{{}}[[Karnataka]]\|region=Northern and western Tamil Nadu\|population=\|religions=[[Hinduism]]{{}}[[Christianity]]}}		'''Arunthathiyar''' is a [[scheduled caste]] community mostly found in the Indian state of [[Tamil Nadu]]. The term has two distinct usages: for the purposes of the state government's [[Reservation in India\|reservation programme]], in 2009 it was designated an [[umbrella term]] for the Arunthatiyar, Chakkiliyar (Sakkiliyar<ref>{{cite web\| url=https://journals.library.brandeis.edu/index.php/caste/article/download/247/59/\| title=Documenting a Caste: The Chakkiliyars in Colonial and Missionary Documents in India\| author=S. Gunasekaran\| page=52\| quote=..the correct pronunciation of the caste name, from Siclar to Chakkiliyar and Sakkiliyar, correlates with the long process...\| website=brandeis.edu}}</ref>), [[Madari]], [[Madiga]], Pagadai, [[Thoti]] and [[Adi Andhra]] communities with a total population of 2,150,285, accounting for 14.89% of the Scheduled Caste population according to the [[2011 Census of India]].<ref>{{Cite web \|title=India - A-10 Appendix: District wise scheduled caste population (Appendix), Tamil Nadu - 2011 \|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/42911 \|access-date=2023-09-16 \|website=censusindia.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.tniuscbe.org/download/gg/gg70.pdf \|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu \|title=Tamil Nadu Government Gazette \|date=12 March 2009 \|page=3 \|access-date=2015-04-05}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal \|date=2015-06-05 \|title=Caste in Tamil Nadu - III \|url=https://www.epw.in/journal/2013/08/commentary/caste-tamil-nadu-iii.html \|journal=Economic and Political Weekly \|language=en \|volume=48 \|issue=8 \|pages=7–8}}</ref> While the [[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India\|Office of the Registrar-General]], which administers the [[census of India]], does not recognize all of those communities as one.<ref name="census2001">{{cite web \|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/dh_sc_tamilnadu.pdf \|title=Tamil Nadu Date Highlights: The Scheduled Castes Census of India 2001 \|publisher= Office of the Registrar-General \|access-date=2015-04-05}}</ref>
	'''Arunthathiyar''' is a [[scheduled caste]] community mostly found in the Indian state of [[Tamil Nadu]]~~, which is also a part and house to an ancient [[Chera Dynasty]] region~~. The term has two distinct usages: for the purposes of [[Reservation in India\|~~the state government's positive discrimination program~~]], in 2009 it was designated an [[umbrella term]] for the Arunthatiyar, Chakkiliyar, ~~Madari~~, [[~~Madiga~~]], [[~~Pagadai~~]], [[Thoti]] and [[Adi ~~Dravida~~]] communities;<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.tniuscbe.org/download/gg/gg70.pdf \|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu \|title=Tamil Nadu Government Gazette \|date=12 March 2009 \|page=3 \|~~accessdate~~=2015-04-05}}</ref> ~~while~~ the [[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India\|Office of the Registrar-General]], which ~~administrates~~ the [[census of India]], does not ~~recognise~~ all of those communities as one.<ref name="census2001">{{cite web \|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/dh_sc_tamilnadu.pdf \|title=Tamil Nadu Date Highlights: The Scheduled Castes Census of India 2001 \|publisher= Office of the Registrar-General \|~~accessdate~~=2015-04-05}}</ref>

	~~The [[2001 Census of India]]~~ reported that there were ~~771~~,~~659 Arunthathiyar~~ in Tamil Nadu, being 6.~~5 per cent~~ of the Scheduled Caste population of the state.<ref name="census2001" />		Specifically, within the Arunthathiyar caste it is reported that there were 1,084,162 individuals in Tamil Nadu, being 7.52 percent of the Scheduled Caste population of the state.<ref name="census2001" />

	== Origin ==		== Origin ==
	Due to their speaking Telugu and lack of mention in early Tamil texts, most scholarly authorities believe the community originated in Andhra Pradesh and migrated to Tamil Nadu in the 17th century. However, the community's own history is that they are originally Tamil kings who ruled the area around Tagadur ([[Dharmapuri district\|Dharmapuri]]), who were taken as captives in war to Andhra and Karnataka in ancient days and only returned in the 16th century as the Kannada-speaking Madiyars and Tamil-speaking Chakkiliyars. Therefore they called themselves Adi Tamizhar.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Geetha\|first=K. A.\|date=2014-12-04\|title=Unified Tamil Dalit Identity: Problematics and Anomalies\|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/01440357.2014.933575~~?casa_token=YEGx_qlXiTsAAAAA%3Aw2dBc-C-abvMj7UXE6aolD_KS3gMPXEqXnaOSI2K1w0TaVHRqujQe7A8KhgjesyKDJpQZOMaFVmB&~~\|journal=Prose Studies\|language=en\|doi=10.1080/01440357.2014.933575\|issn=0144-0357}}</ref>		Due to their speaking Telugu and lack of mention in early Tamil texts, most scholarly authorities believe the community originated in [[Andhra Pradesh]] and migrated to [[Tamil Nadu]] in the 17th century. However, the community's own history is that they are originally Tamil kings who ruled the area around Tagadur ([[Dharmapuri district\|Dharmapuri]]), who were taken as captives in war to Andhra and Karnataka in ancient days and only returned in the 16th century as the Kannada-speaking Madiyars and Tamil-speaking Chakkiliyars. Therefore, they called themselves Adi Tamizhar.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Geetha\|first=K. A.\|date=2014-12-04\|title=Unified Tamil Dalit Identity: Problematics and Anomalies\|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/01440357.2014.933575\|journal=Prose Studies\|volume=36 \|issue=2 \|pages=130–140 \|language=en\|doi=10.1080/01440357.2014.933575\|s2cid=154848931 \|issn=0144-0357\|url-access=subscription}}</ref>

	== Occupation ==		== Occupation ==
	The Arunthathiyars, although they never touched dead cattle, still worked ~~with~~ leather and ~~leatherworkers and cobblers~~, and were thus given a low social status. Many are also landless agricultural labourers and are engaged in bonded labour.<ref>{{Cite journal\|~~last~~=Salahudheen\|~~first~~=O.P.\|last2=Salahuddin\|first2=O.P.~~\|date=2010~~\|title=~~CHAKKLIYAS OF MANNARKKAD~~: A ~~HISTORY FROM BELOW~~\|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44147597\|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress\|volume=71\|pages=1279–1286\|issn=2249-1937}}</ref>		The Arunthathiyars, although they never touched dead cattle, still worked leather as [[leatherworker]]s and [[Cobbler (shoemaker)\|cobbler]]s, and were thus given a low social status in [[Historical Vedic religion\|Hinduism]] [[Caste system in India\|Caste system]]. Many are also landless agricultural labourers and are engaged in bonded labour.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last1=Salahudheen\|first1=O.P.\|last2=Salahuddin\|first2=O.P.\|title=Chakkliyas of Mannarkkad: A History from Below \|date=2010\|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44147597\|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress\|volume=71\|pages=1279–1286\|jstor=44147597 \|issn=2249-1937}}</ref>

	== Current status ==		== Current status ==
	The vast majority of the community, almost 18.27 lakhs, live in Tamil Nadu, with small minorities in neighbouring states. Small populations live in the Palakkad district of Kerala (40,507), and southern parts of Andhra Pradesh (30,190) and Karnataka (2,959). 62% of the community lived in rural areas, and the literacy rate is 60%.		The vast majority of the community, almost 18.27 lakhs, live in Tamil Nadu, with small minorities in neighbouring states. Small populations live in the Palakkad district of Kerala (40,507), and southern parts of Andhra Pradesh (30,190) and Karnataka (2,959). 62% of the community lived in rural areas, and the literacy rate is 60%.

	Many Arunthathiyars in northern Tamil Nadu work as landless agricultural labourers for Naidu landlords, and their women work as domestic help in their houses. Some girls from the community are dedicated to the Mathamma cult, a local village deity tradition.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=S\|first=ANANDHI\|date=2013\|title=The Mathammas: Gender, Caste and the Politics of Intersectionality in Rural Tamil Nadu\|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23527310\|journal=Economic and Political Weekly\|volume=48\|issue=18\|pages=64–71\|issn=0012-9976}}</ref>		Many Arunthathiyars in northern Tamil Nadu work as landless agricultural labourers for Naidu landlords, and their women work as domestic help in their houses. Some girls from the community are dedicated to the Mathamma cult, a local village deity tradition.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=S\|first=ANANDHI\|date=2013\|title=The Mathammas: Gender, Caste and the Politics of Intersectionality in Rural Tamil Nadu\|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23527310\|journal=Economic and Political Weekly\|volume=48\|issue=18\|pages=64–71\|jstor=23527310 \|issn=0012-9976}}</ref>

	== Notable people ==		== Notable people ==
	* [[Madurai Veeran]] - King and commander-in-chief (Thirumalai Nayakkar Period)<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/magazine/article183989.ece \|title=The story of Madurai Veeran \|first=Gokul \|last=Vannar \|date=18 July 2010 \|work=New Indian Express \|access-date=2015-04-05}}</ref>		* [[Madurai Veeran]] - King and commander-in-chief (Thirumalai Nayakkar Period)<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/magazine/article183989.ece \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140310073840/http://www.newindianexpress.com/magazine/article183989.ece \|url-status=dead \|archive-date=10 March 2014 \|title=The story of Madurai Veeran \|first=Gokul \|last=Vannar \|date=18 July 2010 \|work=New Indian Express \|access-date=2015-04-05}}</ref>
	* [[Ondiveeran]] - King and commander of an army who fought against the [[British East India Company]] in [[Tamil Nadu]]		* [[Ondiveeran]] - King and commander of an army who fought against the [[British East India Company]] in [[Tamil Nadu]]
	* [[Rao Sahib L.C. Gurusamy]] - Member of the round table conference team led by [[B. R. Ambedkar]]; founder of Arunthathiyar Mahajana Saba. Member of the [[Justice Party (India)\|Justice Party]], social activist and politician		* Veeramangai [[Kuyili]] - Kuyili was an army commander of queen Velu Nachiyar. She is considered the first suicide bomber in Indian history
	* H. M. ~~Jagannathan - Member of the Justice Party, social activist and politician, graduated in law.~~		* [[Rao Sahib L.C. Gurusamy]] - Member of the round table conference team led by [[B. R. Ambedkar]]; founder of Arunthathiyar Mahajana Saba. Member of the [[Justice Party (India)\|Justice Party]], social activist and politician.
	* [[V. P. Duraisamy]] - Politician and former DMK general secretary, current vice president of Tamil Nadu BJP
	* [[P. Dhanapal]] - Former speaker of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly (2016-2021)
	* [[L. Murugan]] - Current union minister of state of ministries of animal husbandry

	==References==		==References==

49.204.85.186: robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

2022-06-10T05:24:32Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 10:54, 10 June 2022
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	{{Use Indian English\|date=August 2020}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=August 2020}}

	{{Infobox caste\|caste_name=Arunthathiyar\|image=~~ATP conference~~.~~JPG~~\|caption=Arunthathiyar community members at an Adi Tamizhar Peravai ~~meeting~~\|languages=[[Tamil language\|Tamil]]{{}}[[Telugu language\|Telugu]]{{}}[[Kannada]]\|populated_states=[[Tamil Nadu]]{{}}[[Kerala]]{{}}[[Andhra Pradesh]]{{}}[[Karnataka]]\|region=Northern and western Tamil Nadu\|population=~~c. 2.3 million~~\|religions=[[Hinduism]]{{}}[[Christianity]]}}		{{Infobox caste\|caste_name=Arunthathiyar\|image=Adi Tamilar Peravai Protest.jpg\|caption=Arunthathiyar community Leader Athiyamaan and members at an Adi Tamizhar Peravai Protest\|languages=[[Tamil language\|Tamil]]{{}}[[Telugu language\|Telugu]]{{}}[[Kannada]]\|populated_states=[[Tamil Nadu]]{{}}[[Kerala]]{{}}[[Andhra Pradesh]]{{}}[[Karnataka]]\|region=Northern and western Tamil Nadu\|population=\|religions=[[Hinduism]]{{}}[[Christianity]]}}
			'''Arunthathiyar''' is a [[scheduled caste]] community mostly found in the Indian state of [[Tamil Nadu]], which is also a part and house to an ancient [[Chera Dynasty]] region. The term has two distinct usages: for the purposes of [[Reservation in India\|the state government's positive discrimination program]], in 2009 it was designated an [[umbrella term]] for the Arunthatiyar, Chakkiliyar, Madari, [[Madiga]], [[Pagadai]], [[Thoti]] and [[Adi Dravida]] communities;<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.tniuscbe.org/download/gg/gg70.pdf \|publisher=Government of Tamil Nadu \|title=Tamil Nadu Government Gazette \|date=12 March 2009 \|page=3 \|accessdate=2015-04-05}}</ref> while the [[Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India\|Office of the Registrar-General]], which administrates the [[census of India]], does not recognise all of those communities as one.<ref name="census2001">{{cite web \|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/dh_sc_tamilnadu.pdf \|title=Tamil Nadu Date Highlights: The Scheduled Castes Census of India 2001 \|publisher= Office of the Registrar-General \|accessdate=2015-04-05}}</ref>

	~~'''Arunthathiyar''' is a community from Tamil Nadu currently under~~ [[~~Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes\|Scheduled Caste~~]] ~~category.<ref>esc{{cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xcpa_T-7oVQC&pg=PA43&dq=Arundhatiya+~~,+Andhra+Pradesh+++prefer+++refer++themselves+,++Madiga#v=onepage\|title=Global Encyclopaedia of the South Indian Dalit's Ethnography\|publisher=Global Vision Pub House\|year=2006\|isbn=9788182201682\|editor1-last=Nagendra Kr Singh\|page=43}}</ref> Arunthathiyar ~~is a community from Tamil Nadu currently under Scheduled Caste category.[1] Tamil language arundathiyars are basically an ancient living society, this is the ancient community which ruled the~~ Tamil Nadu ~~in different ages~~, ~~after the defeat of this kingdom . They are landowners and leathers experts for kings in ages~~.~~After Vijayanagar Kingdom tied up with British and Mughals for lands many~~ of ~~them here took lands from them and made documents with~~ the ~~government . The term has two distinct usages: for the purposes~~ of ~~reservation in Tamil Nadu, in 2009 it was designated an umbrella term for~~ the Arunthatiyar, poosari, Pagadai, Thoti and communities in Tamilub-quota, while the Office of the Registrar-General, which administrates the census of India, records only the Arunthathiyar caste as Arunthathiyar.		The [[2001 Census of India]] reported that there were 771,659 Arunthathiyar in Tamil Nadu, being 6.5 per cent of the Scheduled Caste population of the state.<ref name="census2001" />

	~~The 2011 Census of India reported almost 23 lakhs community members in the country.{{citation needed\|date~~=~~July 2021}}~~

	== Origin ==		== Origin ==
	~~Arunthathiyar is cluster caste groups, previously called as chakkiliyars and some more caste names are one of the oldest caste group and they known~~ to ~~be first inhabitants of southern India~~ and ~~Tamil Nadu, according to DNA research done by '''Indian Academy~~ of ~~Sciences''' under their research article:[https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/jgen/090/02/0191-0202 Genetic admixture studies on four~~ in ~~situ evolved, two migrant and twenty-one ethnic populations of~~ Tamil ~~Nadu~~, ~~south India] . Most~~ scholarly authorities~~, including [[Edgar Thurston]], falsely claimed that~~ the community originated in [[Andhra Pradesh]] and migrated to Tamil Nadu in the ~~15th~~ century ~~tunder~~ [[~~Vijayanagara Empire~~]] ~~rule.{{citation needed\|date=June 2021}} They~~ were taken as captives in war to Andhra and Karnataka in ancient days ~~(Sangam period)~~ and only returned in the 16th century as the ~~Tamil~~ speaking ~~Chakkiliyars, Telugu speaking Madigas~~ and ~~Kannada~~-speaking ~~Madari~~. Therefore~~, Arunthathiyar~~ they called themselves ~~{{Transl\|ta\|~~Adi Dravidar}} to represent themselves forward. They allege that these scholarly authorities, from 19th century onwards that assert Arunthathiyars migrated into Tamil Nadu are attempting to paint Arunthathiyars as outsiders and trying to call them non-Tamil. This is an Upper Caste and Colonial attempt to keep them oppressed and divided from other Dalit communities in Tamil Nadu and so prevent Annihilation of Caste.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Geetha\|first=K. A.\|date=2014-12-04\|title=Unified Tamil Dalit Identity: Problematics and Anomalies\|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/01440357.2014.933575?casa_token=YEGx_qlXiTsAAAAA%3Aw2dBc-C-abvMj7UXE6aolD_KS3gMPXEqXnaOSI2K1w0TaVHRqujQe7A8KhgjesyKDJpQZOMaFVmB&\|journal=Prose Studies\|language=en\|doi=10.1080/01440357.2014.933575\|issn=0144-0357}}</ref>		Due to their speaking Telugu and lack of mention in early Tamil texts, most scholarly authorities believe the community originated in Andhra Pradesh and migrated to Tamil Nadu in the 17th century. However, the community's own history is that they are originally Tamil kings who ruled the area around Tagadur ([[Dharmapuri district\|Dharmapuri]]), who were taken as captives in war to Andhra and Karnataka in ancient days and only returned in the 16th century as the Kannada-speaking Madiyars and Tamil-speaking Chakkiliyars. Therefore they called themselves Adi Tamizhar.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Geetha\|first=K. A.\|date=2014-12-04\|title=Unified Tamil Dalit Identity: Problematics and Anomalies\|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/01440357.2014.933575?casa_token=YEGx_qlXiTsAAAAA%3Aw2dBc-C-abvMj7UXE6aolD_KS3gMPXEqXnaOSI2K1w0TaVHRqujQe7A8KhgjesyKDJpQZOMaFVmB&\|journal=Prose Studies\|language=en\|doi=10.1080/01440357.2014.933575\|issn=0144-0357}}</ref>

	== Occupation ==		== Occupation ==
	The Arunthathiyars, although they never touched dead cattle, still worked with leather ~~for agriculture irrigation pots~~ and leatherworkers and cobblers, and were thus given a low social status. Many are also landless agricultural labourers and ~~were~~ engaged in bonded labour.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Salahudheen\|first=O.P.\|last2=Salahuddin\|first2=O.P.\|date=2010\|title=CHAKKLIYAS OF MANNARKKAD: A HISTORY FROM BELOW\|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44147597\|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress\|volume=71\|pages=1279–1286\|issn=2249-1937}}</ref>		The Arunthathiyars, although they never touched dead cattle, still worked with leather and leatherworkers and cobblers, and were thus given a low social status. Many are also landless agricultural labourers and are engaged in bonded labour.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Salahudheen\|first=O.P.\|last2=Salahuddin\|first2=O.P.\|date=2010\|title=CHAKKLIYAS OF MANNARKKAD: A HISTORY FROM BELOW\|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44147597\|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress\|volume=71\|pages=1279–1286\|issn=2249-1937}}</ref>

	== Current status ==		== Current status ==
	The vast majority of the community, almost 18.27 lakhs, live in Tamil Nadu, with small minorities in neighbouring states. Small populations live in the Palakkad district of Kerala (40,507), and southern parts of Andhra Pradesh (30,190) and Karnataka (2,959). 62% of the community lived in rural areas, and the literacy rate is 60%.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=S\|first=ANANDHI\|date=2013\|title=The Mathammas: Gender, Caste and the Politics of Intersectionality in Rural Tamil Nadu\|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23527310\|journal=Economic and Political Weekly\|volume=48\|issue=18\|pages=64–71\|issn=0012-9976}}</ref>		The vast majority of the community, almost 18.27 lakhs, live in Tamil Nadu, with small minorities in neighbouring states. Small populations live in the Palakkad district of Kerala (40,507), and southern parts of Andhra Pradesh (30,190) and Karnataka (2,959). 62% of the community lived in rural areas, and the literacy rate is 60%.

			Many Arunthathiyars in northern Tamil Nadu work as landless agricultural labourers for Naidu landlords, and their women work as domestic help in their houses. Some girls from the community are dedicated to the Mathamma cult, a local village deity tradition.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=S\|first=ANANDHI\|date=2013\|title=The Mathammas: Gender, Caste and the Politics of Intersectionality in Rural Tamil Nadu\|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23527310\|journal=Economic and Political Weekly\|volume=48\|issue=18\|pages=64–71\|issn=0012-9976}}</ref>

	== Notable people ==		== Notable people ==
	* [[Madurai Veeran]] - King and ~~Commander~~-in-chief<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/magazine/article183989.ece \|title=The story of Madurai Veeran \|first=Gokul \|last=Vannar \|date=18 July 2010 \|work=New Indian Express \|access-date=2015-04-05}}</ref>		* [[Madurai Veeran]] - King and commander-in-chief (Thirumalai Nayakkar Period)<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/magazine/article183989.ece \|title=The story of Madurai Veeran \|first=Gokul \|last=Vannar \|date=18 July 2010 \|work=New Indian Express \|access-date=2015-04-05}}</ref>
	* [[Ondiveeran]] - King and ~~Commander~~ of an army who fought against the [[British East India Company]] in [[Tamil Nadu]].		* [[Ondiveeran]] - King and commander of an army who fought against the [[British East India Company]] in [[Tamil Nadu]]
			* [[Rao Sahib L.C. Gurusamy]] - Member of the round table conference team led by [[B. R. Ambedkar]]; founder of Arunthathiyar Mahajana Saba. Member of the [[Justice Party (India)\|Justice Party]], social activist and politician
			* H. M. Jagannathan - Member of the Justice Party, social activist and politician, graduated in law.
	* [[V. P. Duraisamy]] - Politician and former DMK general secretary, current vice president of Tamil Nadu BJP		* [[V. P. Duraisamy]] - Politician and former DMK general secretary, current vice president of Tamil Nadu BJP
	* [[P. Dhanapal]] - Former speaker of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly		* [[P. Dhanapal]] - Former speaker of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly (2016-2021)
	* [[Rao Sahib L.C. Gurusamy]] - ~~Member of the round table conference team led by [[B. R. Ambedkar\|Babasaheb Ambedkar]].~~		* [[L. Murugan]] - Current union minister of state of ministries of animal husbandry
	* [[L. Murugan]] - Current ~~Union Minister~~ of ~~State~~ of ~~Ministries~~ of ~~Animal Husbandry and current president of [[BJP]] in [[Tamil Nadu]]~~

	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}6. Indian Academy of Sciences (aug 2011) [https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/jgen/090/02/0191-0202 Genetic admixture studies on four in situ evolved, two migrant and twenty-one ethnic populations of Tamil Nadu, south India]		{{reflist}}

	[[Category:Dalit communities]]		[[Category:Dalit communities]]
	[[Category:Scheduled Castes of Tamil Nadu]]		[[Category:Scheduled Castes of Tamil Nadu]]

imported>Gronk Oz: Clean up, typo(s) fixed: tamil → Tamil, a ancient → an ancient, tamilnadu → Tamil Nadu (2)

2021-08-21T15:39:41Z

Clean up, typo(s) fixed: tamil → Tamil, a ancient → an ancient, tamilnadu → Tamil Nadu (2)

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}

{{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}}

{{Infobox caste|caste_name=Arunthathiyar|image=ATP conference.JPG|caption=Arunthathiyar community members at an Adi Tamizhar Peravai meeting|languages=[[Tamil language|Tamil]]{{*}}[[Telugu language|Telugu]]{{*}}[[Kannada]]|populated_states=[[Tamil Nadu]]{{*}}[[Kerala]]{{*}}[[Andhra Pradesh]]{{*}}[[Karnataka]]|region=Northern and western Tamil Nadu|population=c. 2.3 million|religions=[[Hinduism]]{{*}}[[Christianity]]}}

'''Arunthathiyar''' is a community from Tamil Nadu currently under [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes|Scheduled Caste]] category.<ref>esc{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xcpa_T-7oVQC&pg=PA43&dq=Arundhatiya+,+Andhra+Pradesh+++prefer+++refer++themselves+,++Madiga#v=onepage|title=Global Encyclopaedia of the South Indian Dalit's Ethnography|publisher=Global Vision Pub House|year=2006|isbn=9788182201682|editor1-last=Nagendra Kr Singh|page=43}}</ref> Arunthathiyar is a community from Tamil Nadu currently under Scheduled Caste category.[1] Tamil language arundathiyars are basically an ancient living society, this is the ancient community which ruled the Tamil Nadu in different ages, after the defeat of this kingdom . They are landowners and leathers experts for kings in ages.After Vijayanagar Kingdom tied up with British and Mughals for lands many of them here took lands from them and made documents with the government . The term has two distinct usages: for the purposes of reservation in Tamil Nadu, in 2009 it was designated an umbrella term for the Arunthatiyar, poosari, Pagadai, Thoti and communities in Tamilub-quota, while the Office of the Registrar-General, which administrates the census of India, records only the Arunthathiyar caste as Arunthathiyar.

The 2011 Census of India reported almost 23 lakhs community members in the country.{{citation needed|date=July 2021}}

== Origin ==
Arunthathiyar is cluster caste groups, previously called as chakkiliyars and some more caste names are one of the oldest caste group and they known to be first inhabitants of southern India and Tamil Nadu, according to DNA research done by '''Indian Academy of Sciences''' under their research article:[https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/jgen/090/02/0191-0202 Genetic admixture studies on four in situ evolved, two migrant and twenty-one ethnic populations of Tamil Nadu, south India] . Most scholarly authorities, including [[Edgar Thurston]], falsely claimed that the community originated in [[Andhra Pradesh]] and migrated to Tamil Nadu in the 15th century tunder [[Vijayanagara Empire]] rule.{{citation needed|date=June 2021}} They were taken as captives in war to Andhra and Karnataka in ancient days (Sangam period) and only returned in the 16th century as the Tamil speaking Chakkiliyars, Telugu speaking Madigas and Kannada-speaking Madari. Therefore, Arunthathiyar they called themselves {{Transl|ta|Adi Dravidar}} to represent themselves forward. They allege that these scholarly authorities, from 19th century onwards that assert Arunthathiyars migrated into Tamil Nadu are attempting to paint Arunthathiyars as outsiders and trying to call them non-Tamil. This is an Upper Caste and Colonial attempt to keep them oppressed and divided from other Dalit communities in Tamil Nadu and so prevent Annihilation of Caste.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Geetha|first=K. A.|date=2014-12-04|title=Unified Tamil Dalit Identity: Problematics and Anomalies|url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/01440357.2014.933575?casa_token=YEGx_qlXiTsAAAAA%3Aw2dBc-C-abvMj7UXE6aolD_KS3gMPXEqXnaOSI2K1w0TaVHRqujQe7A8KhgjesyKDJpQZOMaFVmB&|journal=Prose Studies|language=en|doi=10.1080/01440357.2014.933575|issn=0144-0357}}</ref>

== Occupation ==
The Arunthathiyars, although they never touched dead cattle, still worked with leather for agriculture irrigation pots and leatherworkers and cobblers, and were thus given a low social status. Many are also landless agricultural labourers and were engaged in bonded labour.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Salahudheen|first=O.P.|last2=Salahuddin|first2=O.P.|date=2010|title=CHAKKLIYAS OF MANNARKKAD: A HISTORY FROM BELOW|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44147597|journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress|volume=71|pages=1279–1286|issn=2249-1937}}</ref>

== Current status ==
The vast majority of the community, almost 18.27 lakhs, live in Tamil Nadu, with small minorities in neighbouring states. Small populations live in the Palakkad district of Kerala (40,507), and southern parts of Andhra Pradesh (30,190) and Karnataka (2,959). 62% of the community lived in rural areas, and the literacy rate is 60%.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=S|first=ANANDHI|date=2013|title=The Mathammas: Gender, Caste and the Politics of Intersectionality in Rural Tamil Nadu|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23527310|journal=Economic and Political Weekly|volume=48|issue=18|pages=64–71|issn=0012-9976}}</ref>

== Notable people ==
* [[Madurai Veeran]] - King and Commander-in-chief<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/magazine/article183989.ece |title=The story of Madurai Veeran |first=Gokul |last=Vannar |date=18 July 2010 |work=New Indian Express |access-date=2015-04-05}}</ref>
* [[Ondiveeran]] - King and Commander of an army who fought against the [[British East India Company]] in [[Tamil Nadu]].
* [[V. P. Duraisamy]] - Politician and former DMK general secretary, current vice president of Tamil Nadu BJP
* [[P. Dhanapal]] - Former speaker of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly
* [[Rao Sahib L.C. Gurusamy]] - Member of the round table conference team led by [[B. R. Ambedkar|Babasaheb Ambedkar]].
* [[L. Murugan]] - Current Union Minister of State of Ministries of Animal Husbandry and current president of [[BJP]] in [[Tamil Nadu]]

==References==
{{reflist}}6. Indian Academy of Sciences (aug 2011) [https://www.ias.ac.in/article/fulltext/jgen/090/02/0191-0202 Genetic admixture studies on four in situ evolved, two migrant and twenty-one ethnic populations of Tamil Nadu, south India]

[[Category:Dalit communities]]
[[Category:Scheduled Castes of Tamil Nadu]]