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{{More footnotes|date=July 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Arthur William Garnett
| honorific_suffix =
| image =
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| nationality = English
| citizenship = British
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 1 June 1829
| birth_place = Westmoreland
| death_date = 1861
| death_place = India
| resting_place = St. Paul's Cathedral, Calcutta
| resting_place_coordinates =
| education = Addiscombe Military Seminary
| spouse = Mary Charlotte Barnard
| parents = William Garnett
| children =
| module = {{ infobox engineering career
| discipline = Military and civil
| institutions = Bengal engineers
| practice_name =
| employer =
| significant_projects = Fort of Kohât, Fort at Bahadur Khel, Fort Garnett
| significant_design =
| significant_advance =
| significant_awards =
}}
}}

'''Arthur William Garnett''' (1829–1861) was an English military and civil engineer in India from the time of the [[Second Anglo-Sikh War]] until just after the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]].

==Life==
Arthur William, the younger son of [[William Garnett (civil servant)|William Garnett]] of [[Westmorland|Westmoreland]], inspector-general of inland revenue, was born 1 June 1829. Garnett was educated at [[Addiscombe Military Seminary]], where he obtained his first commission in 1846, and proceeded to India in 1848 as a lieutenant of the [[Bengal Engineer Group|Bengal Engineers]]. He was appointed assistant field engineer with the army before the [[History of Multan#British era|conflict at Mooltan]], and wounded while in attendance with Sir [[John Cheape]] reconnoitering the breaches, but was able to take charge of the [[Escalade|scaling-ladders]] in the subsequent assault. He joined the army under [[Hugh Gough, 1st Viscount Gough|Lord Gough]], held the fords of the [[River Chenab|Chenâb]] during the victory at the [[Battle of Gujrat]], and went forward with Sir [[Walter Raleigh Gilbert]]'s flying column in pursuit of the Afghans. Having taken part in the first survey of the [[Peshawar|Peshawûr]] valley with Lieutenant [[James Walker (Surveyor General)|James Walker]] (afterwards surveyor-general of India), he was next engaged on public works at [[Kohat|Kohât]], where in 1850 the [[sapper]]s employed under his command in making a road to the Kothul were surprised in their camp by the [[Afridi (tribe)|Afridis]]. Garnett and Sir F. R. Pollock (then Lieutenant), who was also stationed at Kohât, were surrounded, but held their position until the arrival of a relieving force from Peshawûr under [[Colin Campbell, 1st Baron Clyde]], accompanied by General [[Charles James Napier|Charles J. Napier]], by whom the Kohât pass was forced.

Garnett reconstructed and strengthened the fort of Kohât, designed and built the fort at [[Bahadur Khel]] for guarding the salt mines, as well as barracks, forts, and defensive works at other points on the frontier, including 'Fort Garnett,' named after him. He planted forest trees wherever practicable, constructed bridges, roads, and other works under circumstances of extraordinary difficulty, and in spite of serious obstacles mentioned in the published report of the administration, where the entire credit of the works is assigned to Garnett, who "has made very good roads, which he could not possibly have done without the possession of hardihood, temper, and good judgment."

He was constantly interrupted by being called upon to take the field with the several expeditions in the Dernjât, Meeranzaie valley, Eusofzaie country, Koorum valley, and Peiwer Kothul, and others, where there was frequently hard fighting. During the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]] Garnett was kept at his post on the frontier, where his experience and influence with the hillmen were of the greatest value. He came to England on leave in 1860, and was occupied in the examination of dockyard works, with a view to his future employment in the construction of such works if required at [[Mumbai|Bombay]].

On his return to India in 1861, shortly after his marriage to Mary Charlotte Barnard of [[Crewkerne]], by whom he had a posthumous daughter, and while temporarily acting as assistant to Colonel Yule, C.B., then secretary to government in the department of public works, he was attacked with [[pleurisy]], and died aged thirty-one, after a few days' illness. He was buried in [[St. Paul's Cathedral, Calcutta|St. Paul's Cathedral]], Calcutta, where his memory is recorded by a monument erected by his brother officers, other monuments being also placed in the church at Kohât, which he had built, and in the [[Holy Trinity Brompton Church|Church of Holy Trinity]] at [[Brompton, London|Brompton]].<ref name=dnb>{{cite DNB|wstitle=Garnett, Arthur William|last=Garnett|first=Frederick Brooksbank|authorlink=Frederick Brooksbank Garnett|volume=21|quote=''citing:'' [Government Despatches in [[London Gazette]]s; Professional Papers Corps of Royal Engineers; Journal of Siege of Mooltan, 1848–9; series of general reports on the administration of the Punjab territories from 1849 to 1859.]}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

;Attribution
{{DNB|wstitle=Garnett, Arthur William}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Garnett, Arthur William}}
[[Category:1829 births]]
[[Category:1861 deaths]]
[[Category:English engineers]]
[[Category:British military engineers]]
[[Category:Bengal Engineers officers]]
[[Category:British military personnel of the Second Anglo-Sikh War]]

Arthur William Garnett - Revision history

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