Bot: robot: Create/upgrade articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.

2022-12-23T08:51:45Z

robot: Create/upgrade articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.

New page

{{short description|Royal Air Force air marshal}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Use British English|date=February 2022}}
{{Infobox military person
|name= Sir Arthur Coningham
|image= Air Marshal Sir Arthur Coningham, Italy, January 1944 TR1497.jpg
|caption= Air Marshal Coningham
|nickname= 'Maori'
|birth_date= {{Birth date|1895|01|19|df=yes}}
|death_date= [[Declared death in absentia|presumably]] {{death date and age|1948|01|30|1895|01|19|df=yes}}
|birth_place= [[Brisbane]], Australia
|death_place= [[Bermuda Triangle]]
|placeofburial=
|allegiance= New Zealand (1914–16) United Kingdom (1916–47)
|branch= [[New Zealand Expeditionary Force]] [[Royal Air Force]]
|serviceyears= 1914–47
|rank= [[Air Marshal]]
|unit=
|commands= [[RAF Flying Training Command|Flying Training Command]] (1945–47) [[2nd Tactical Air Force]] (1944–45) North African Tactical Air Force (1943–44) [[Desert Air Force|Air HQ Western Desert]] (1941–42) [[No. 204 Group RAF|No. 204 Group]] (1941) [[No. 4 Group RAF|No. 4 Group]] (1939–41) [[RAF Calshot]] (1937–39) [[No. 55 Squadron RAF|No. 55 Squadron]] (1923–24) [[No. 92 Squadron RAF|No. 92 Squadron]] (1918–19)
|battles= [[First World War]]
* [[Gallipoli campaign]]
* [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]]
* [[Battle of Amiens (1918)|Battle of Amiens]]
[[Second World War]]
* [[North African campaign]]
* [[Western Desert campaign]]
* [[First Battle of El Alamein]]
* [[Second Battle of El Alamein]]
* [[Italian campaign (World War II)|Italian campaign]]
* [[North West Europe campaign]]
* [[Operation Overlord|Normandy campaign]]
|awards= [[Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath]] [[Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire]] [[Distinguished Service Order]] [[Military Cross]] [[Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)|Distinguished Flying Cross]] [[Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)|Air Force Cross]] [[Mentioned in Despatches]] (4) [[Legion of Honour|Knight of the Legion of Honour]] (France) [[Croix de guerre 1914–1918 (France)|Croix de guerre]] (France) [[Legion of Merit|Chief Commander of the Legion of Merit]] (United States) [[Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)|Distinguished Service Medal]] (United States) [[Order of Leopold II|Grand Officer of the Order of Leopold II]] (Belgium) [[Croix de guerre (Belgium)|Croix de guerre]] (Belgium) [[Order of the Phoenix (Greece)|Grand Cross of the Order of the Phoenix]] (Greece) [[Order of Orange-Nassau|Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Orange-Nassau]] (Netherlands)
|relations=
|laterwork=
}}
[[Air Marshal]] '''Sir Arthur '''"'''Mary'''"''' Coningham''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=,|KCB|KBE|DSO|MC|DFC|AFC}}<ref>{{cite web| url =https://www.tracesofwar.com/persons/35836 | title=Coningham, Arthur | date = 15 October 2014 | publisher= TracesOfWar.com}}</ref> (19 January 1895 – [[Declared death in absentia|presumably]] 30 January 1948) was a senior officer in the [[Royal Air Force]]. During the [[First World War]], he was at [[Gallipoli campaign|Gallipoli]] with the [[New Zealand Expeditionary Force]], was discharged in New Zealand as medically unfit for active service, and journeyed to Britain at his own expense to join the [[Royal Flying Corps]], where he became a [[flying ace]]. Coningham was later a senior Royal Air Force commander during the [[Second World War]], as [[Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief]] [[RAF Second Tactical Air Force|2nd Tactical Air Force]] and subsequently the Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief [[RAF Flying Training Command|Flying Training Command]].

Coningham is chiefly remembered as the person most responsible for the development of [[forward air control]] parties directing [[close air support]], which he developed as commander of the [[Western Desert Air Force]] between 1941 and 1943, and as commander of the tactical air forces in the [[Operation Overlord|Normandy campaign]] in 1944. However he is frequently lauded as the "architect of modern air power doctrine regarding tactical air operations," based on three principles: necessity of air superiority as first priority, centralised command of air operations co-equal with ground leadership, and innovative tactics in support of ground operations.<ref>Dr. Richard P. Hallion, USAF Historian, Foreword to ''Coningham: A Biography of Air Marshal Sir Arthur Coningham''</ref>

On 30 January 1948, he disappeared along with all the other passengers and crew of the airliner [[G-AHNP "Star Tiger"|G-AHNP ''Star Tiger'']] when it [[List of aerial disappearances|vanished without a trace]] somewhere off the eastern coast of the United States in the [[Bermuda Triangle]].

==Early life==
Coningham was born in [[Brisbane]], Queensland, on 19 January 1895.<ref name=odnb>[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/32529 Sir Arthur Coningham at Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]</ref> His early life was one that made him learn to be adaptable. His father, also [[Arthur Coningham (cricketer)|Arthur Coningham]], was noted for playing [[Test cricket]], but was by disposition a con man who was exposed in court for fabricating legal evidence in a trial designed to extort a Catholic priest, Denis Francis O'Haran, secretary to the Catholic Archbishop of Sydney.<ref name=adb>[http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A080094b.htm Coningham, Arthur (1863–1939) at Australian Dictionary of Biography]</ref> The resulting scandal drove the older Arthur Coningham to remove the Coningham family to New Zealand while Coningham was still young.<ref name=adb/> The change of scene to New Zealand did not change the father's modus operandi; he spent six months imprisoned there for fraud.<ref>Orange pp. 6–7</ref>

Coningham was resilient enough and sufficiently motivated to win a scholarship to [[Wellington College (New Zealand)|Wellington College]]. Although Coningham had won a scholarship, he was not an academic star. However, he was athletic and an outdoorsman, with expertise in horsemanship and with firearms.<ref name=AirPower>Budiansky, pp. 288–295</ref>

His parents divorced when he was seventeen; grounds were his father's infidelity. Arthur Coningham was maturely assured enough to remark, "Look here, Coningham, you may be my father, but I am ashamed of you." The comment reflects Coningham's persona; he was abstemious by nature, being a non-smoker, near [[Teetotalism|teetotaler]] and impatient with obscene language.<ref name=AirPower />

==Military career==
===First World War service===
Coningham volunteered for service in the [[New Zealand Expeditionary Force]] in August 1914, initially seeing service in the conquest of [[German Samoa]]. He then served in [[Egypt]] and [[Somaliland]] as a trooper in the [[Canterbury Mounted Rifle Regiment]], but developed [[typhoid]] fever and was invalided out of service in March 1916. In April, however, he betook himself to [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Britain]] and volunteered for the [[Royal Flying Corps]].<ref name=air>[http://www.rafweb.org/Biographies/Coningham.htm Air of Authority – A History of RAF Organisation – Air Marshal Sir Arthur Coningham]</ref>

Posted to [[No. 32 Squadron RAF|32 Squadron]] on 19 December 1916 after completing his flying instruction, Coningham flew numerous patrols between 5 January and 30 July 1917, when he was wounded during an aerial combat and invalided back to Britain. During the [[Battle of Arras (1917)|Battle of Arras]], 32 Squadron undertook systematic strafing of German infantry and lines of communication, particularly suited for the [[Airco DH.2]] machines they operated. He returned to France promoted to the rank of [[Major]] and in command of [[No. 92 Squadron RAF|92 Squadron]] on 1 July 1918 at the age of 23.<ref name=air/> On 11 August he was wounded again in a particularly intense air combat, but remained in France and resumed flying almost immediately. Through to the end of the war, Coningham's [[Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5]]s conducted bombing and strafing attacks against German aerodromes, troops, gun positions and transport.

In 11 months at the front he engaged in 176 patrols over enemy lines, was credited with the personal destruction of nine enemy aircraft and shared in the destruction of three others with [[Evander Shapard]], [[Frank Billinge]] and [[Arthur Randell]]. He was also credited with seven victories for having driven down an enemy machine out of control. Coningham emerged from the war with two awards, a [[Distinguished Service Order]] and a [[Military Cross]], both earned during his time with 32 Squadron.<ref name=air/> During that time he had also acquired the nickname "Mary," a corruption of "[[Māori people|Maori]]" as a play on his earlier life in New Zealand.<ref>{{cite book |title= ''Above the Trenches: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915–1920'' }}</ref>

===Inter-war years===
After the end of the First World War, Coningham remained in the Royal Air Force, initially remaining as Officer Commanding 92 Squadron.<ref name=air/> During the early 1920s he served as a technical and flying instructor before being posted to [[No. 55 Squadron RAF|55 Squadron]] flying [[Airco DH.9A]]s out of [[Mosul]] in [[Iraq]].<ref name=air/> In the summer of 1923 Coningham was promoted to [[squadron leader]] and appointed as the Officer Commanding of 55 Squadron.<ref name=air/> From early 1924 to early 1926 Coningham carried out [[staff officer]] duties, first at the headquarters of Egyptian Group and then at the headquarters of [[RAF Middle East]].<ref name=air/>

While posted at Egypt Group, Coningham was assigned to lead a detachment of three DH.9As of [[No. 47 Squadron RAF|47 Squadron]] on a flight of {{convert|3000|mi|abbr=off}} cross country to introduce the first aircraft to [[Nigeria]] while undertaking "a training exercise on an extended scale... using ordinary service equipment." Leaving [[Helwan]] near Cairo on the morning of 27 October 1925, the three aircraft reached [[Kano (city)|Kano]], Nigeria without serious incident on 1 November. The return trip, retracing their outward route, began early on 12 November and marked the first trip across Africa by air from west to east. They completed the estimated journey of {{convert|6500|mi|abbr=on}} in 80 hours of actual flying time, flying on 16 of the 24 days of the mission, all without major difficulties. Coningham received an award of the [[Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)|Air Force Cross]] for the achievement.<ref>Orange, pp. 42–46</ref>

After further service at the [[Royal Air Force College Cranwell|Royal Air Force College]], [[Cranwell]] and the [[Central Flying School]], Coningham was promoted to [[wing commander (rank)|wing commander]] in 1931.<ref name=air/> The next year he was sent to the [[Sudan]] as the senior RAF officer.<ref name=air/>

On his return to [[United Kingdom|Great Britain]] in 1935 he took up staff duties in [[RAF Coastal Area|Coastal Area]]/[[RAF Coastal Command|Coastal Command]] before being promoted to [[group captain]] on 1 January 1937 and serving as the Senior Air Staff Officer at the headquarters of [[No. 17 Group RAF|No. 17 (Training) Group]].<ref name=air/> From 1937 to 1939, Coningham was the Officer Commanding [[RAF Calshot]], a flying boat base.<ref name=air/>

===Second World War service===
Coningham began the war as an [[air commodore]] commanding [[RAF Bomber Command|Bomber Command's]] [[No. 4 Group RAF|4 Group]], which he led for two years including the first year of the bombing offensive against Germany.<ref name=air/> His group was small, seldom numbering more than 60 air crews total in the first part of the war, and unlike the rest of Bomber Command conducted its operations at night. Consequently, nearly all of the missions of its [[Armstrong Whitworth Whitley|Whitley bombers]] before 19/20 March 1940 were for the delivery of [[airborne leaflet propaganda|propaganda leaflets]] over German territory against comparatively ineffective defences. During the remainder of 1940, 4 Group attacked targets in [[Italy]] until these were allotted to 3 Group in December, and targets in the [[Ruhr]], all of small scale and causing little damage. Coningham in September received promotion to [[air vice-marshal]]. In November, area bombing began, again on a small scale, and continued throughout the winter. 4 Group was just beginning to expand and convert its equipment to [[Handley Page Halifax]] bombers when Coningham was transferred.{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}

In July 1941 he was called to Egypt by Air Marshal [[Arthur Tedder, 1st Baron Tedder|Arthur Tedder]], head of RAF Middle East Command, to take over 204 Group from Air Vice-Marshal [[Raymond Collishaw]]. Two months later, to match its growing size and its status with the newly formed [[Eighth Army (United Kingdom)|Eighth Army]], the group was transformed into the [[Western Desert Air Force]].<ref name=air/> Coningham inherited a poorly functioning situation, where the [[Royal Air Force]] was almost totally failing to support ground troops. He promptly delegated out technical duties to those he trusted and did not micromanage them; however, he held his subordinates strictly responsible for achieving the results he wanted. Any mistakes by his underlings that resulted in fatalities to friendly troops were grounds for dismissal by Coningham.<ref name=AirPower />

Faced with equipment shortages, a hostile desert environment, and superior enemy planes, Coningham's management system, through judicious deployment of his squadrons, gradually achieved air superiority in the North African campaign. In particular, Coningham developed the use of fighter-bombers, able to fight as fighter planes in the air or in bombing and strafing attacks of enemy ground targets. Coningham developed an efficient ground support system to keep planes flying, and a [[Forward air control operations during World War II#North Africa|command and control system]] to allow ground observers to radio in air attacks. Coningham's Western Desert Air Force, in continuous air attacks of enemy ground targets, was instrumental in stopping the [[First Battle of El Alamein|enemy offensive at El Alamein]] in July 1942. Coningham formed a close relationship with the new commander of the [[British Eighth Army]], General [[Bernard Montgomery, 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein|Bernard Montgomery]].<ref name=odnb/> Montgomery and Coningham recognised the importance of joint operations. The air power doctrine devised by Coningham is the basis of modern joint operations doctrine. The dominance of the Allied air force was a critical factor in the British victory at the [[Second Battle of El Alamein]] in November 1942. Coningham's doctrine of tactical air power would reach its fruition in early 1943, when RAF and USAAF fighter-bombers and bombers attacked enemy land forces.{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}

Coningham's doctrine was fundamental. He stated that the greatest attribute of air power was its ability to speedily concentrate its force. It followed that its command must also be concentrated. Tactical air power had to be closely coordinated with the ground forces, but the army could not command it. He stated as much in a pamphlet that was widely distributed, to every ranking officer in North Africa, so that they would know what to expect. The pamphlet included Coningham's priorities for success in use of tactical air power. First, gain air superiority. Second, use the air superiority gained to interdict enemy reinforcements of men and materiel to isolate the battlefield. Third, combine air attacks with ground assaults on the front lines.{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}

Coningham was knighted after El Alamein and continued to provide tactical air support for the Eighth Army until they occupied [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]] in January 1943.<ref name=odnb/>

[[File:Operationvarsity.jpg|thumb|left|Coningham (centre) with Montgomery (left) and Dempsey (right) prior to the British crossing of the Rhine]]
Later in 1943 Coningham was promoted to [[Air Marshal]] and directed tactical air force operations in the [[Allied invasion of Sicily]] and [[Allied invasion of Italy|Italy]] as commander of the [[Northwest African Tactical Air Force]].<ref name=air/>

[[File:In a ceremony at the airport in Frankfort, Germany, President Harry S. Truman (third from left) presents... - NARA - 198695.jpg|thumb|right|In a ceremony at the airport in Frankfort, Germany, President [[Harry S. Truman]] (third from left) presents the [[Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)|Army Distinguished Service Medal]] to (opposite the President, L to R:) General [[Harry Crerar|H. D. G. Crerar]], Canadian Army, Air Marshal Sir Arthur Coningham, Air Marshal [[James Robb (RAF officer)|Sir James Robb]], and Major General [[Freddie de Guingand|Sir F. W. Guingand]]. President Truman is in Frankfort to inspect U. S. troops during a break in the Potsdam Conference.<ref name="NARA">{{cite web |title=Truman photographs |url=https://catalog.archives.gov/id/198695 |publisher=National Archives and Records Administration. Office of Presidential Libraries. Harry S. Truman Library |access-date=3 May 2022 |date=26 July 1945}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>]]

As the leading exponent of tactical air warfare, Coningham was the obvious choice to command [[2nd Tactical Air Force]]<ref name=air/> in the North-West European campaign under Air Marshal [[Trafford Leigh-Mallory]], commanding the [[Allied Expeditionary Air Forces]], and in January 1944 he was recalled to Britain where he helped plan air support for the [[Normandy landings]]. His relationship with Montgomery deteriorated markedly after the landings took place. The two often clashed when Montgomery regularly tried to bypass Coningham, who was the designated point of contact for air support requests, and deal directly with Leigh-Mallory. At the end of June, Montgomery lobbied Tedder, now deputy commander to U.S. General [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] at [[Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Forces|Supreme Allied Headquarters]], for Coningham's removal after he criticised the army for tardiness in [[Battle for Caen|capturing Caen]] in order to make available airfields for tactical aircraft. Tedder, however, advised Eisenhower that such removal would be "a disaster" and the criticism valid. In August 1944 Montgomery wrote to [[Alan Brooke, 1st Viscount Alanbrooke|Alan Brooke]] that "Coningham is violently anti-army and despised by all soldiers; my army commanders mistrust him and never want to see him."<ref>Carlo D'Este, ''Decision in Normandy'', Penguin, 2001 ed, pp.218–220.</ref> However it was Montgomery who received a rebuke from Eisenhower,<ref>Orange, p. 206</ref> while Leigh-Mallory's headquarters was dissolved in October as an unnecessary command echelon.<ref>Orange, p. 217</ref>

He remained commander of the 2nd Tactical Air Force until July 1945, when he was replaced by Air Chief Marshal [[Sholto Douglas, 1st Baron Douglas of Kirtleside|Sir Sholto Douglas]] and appointed head of [[RAF Flying Training Command|Flying Training Command]].<ref name=air/>

A keen yachtsman, in 1947 he was appointed [[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]] of the Royal Air Force Yacht Club then based at [[Calshot]]; however he later oversaw the move to the current location at [[Hamble-le-Rice|Hamble]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://rafyc.org.uk/history/ |title=History |website=RAF Yacht Club |access-date=14 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170221230601/http://rafyc.org.uk/history/ |archive-date=21 February 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Retirement and disappearance==
Viewing his appointment to Air Training Command as a demotion, Coningham chose to retire on 1 August 1947 after 30 years of commissioned service.<ref name=air/> He [[List of aerial disappearances|disappeared]] on 30 January 1948 when the airliner [[BSAA Star Tiger disappearance|G-AHNP ''Star Tiger'']] in which he was travelling to [[Bermuda]] was lost off the east coast of the United States.<ref name=air/>

==Personal life==
In 1930 he met at Cowes and soon began a relationship with Nancy Muriel (née Brooks) known as “Nan”, the wife of wealthy businessman [[Howard Frank|Sir Howard Frank]], who was 31 years her senior.<ref>Orange, p. 51</ref>

Following the sudden death of her husband on 10 January 1932 Nan and Coningham were married on 11 July 1932 by an RAF chaplain in the station church at Aboukir, Alexandria., The witnesses were Coningham's friends Air Vice-Marshal [[Cyril Newall, 1st Baron Newall|Cyril Newall]] and his wife.<ref>Orange, p. 55</ref>
The couple had a daughter Jane-Mari, who was born on 5 May 1934.<ref>Orange, p. 56</ref>

Nan bought to the marriage her two sons by Frank, Howard Frederick, born on 5 April 1923 and Robert John, born on 16 March 1925. Howard was killed on 11 September 1944 while serving as a tank commander in the Guards Armoured Division.<ref>Orange, p. 214</ref>

==In popular culture==
In the film ''[[Patton (film)|Patton]]'', Coningham is played by [[John Barrie (actor)|John Barrie]]. During his scene, in which [[General George S Patton]] is complaining about lack of air cover for American troops, Sir Arthur (Tedder) confirms to Patton that he will see no more German planes. As he has completed his sentence, German planes strafe the compound. Although a similar scene happened in real life; in actuality Coningham was not present; Patton was talking to General [[Carl Spaatz]] and Air Chief Marshal [[Arthur Tedder, 1st Baron Tedder|Arthur Tedder]] at the time of the strafing.{{citation needed|date=January 2022}}

==See also==
*[[List of people who disappeared mysteriously at sea]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
* {{cite book |last= Budiansky |first= Stephen |title= Air Power |publisher= Viking |year=2003 |location= London |isbn= 0670912514 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/unset0000unse_b1a9}}
* {{cite book |last= Classen |first= Adam |title= Fearless: The Extraordinary Untold Story of New Zealand's Great War Airmen |location=Auckland |publisher=Massey University Press |date=2017 |isbn= 9780994140784}}
* {{cite book |last= Orange |first= Vincent |year= 1992 |orig-year= 1990 |title= Coningham: A Biography of Air Marshal Sir Arthur Coningham, KCB, CBE, DSO, MC, DFC, AFC |publisher= Center for Air Force History |location= Washington D.C.|isbn= 0-413-14580-8 |url= https://ia903107.us.archive.org/11/items/Coningham/Coningham_text.pdf|access-date=29 December 2022}} Original publisher: Methuen, London.
* {{cite book |editor1-last=Crawford |editor1-first=John |editor2-last=McGibbon |editor2-first=Ian |title= New Zealand's Great War: New Zealand, the Allies, and the First World War |last=Orange |first=Vincent |chapter= From Burn to Bannerman: New Zealand airmen come of age |location= Auckland |publisher= Exisle Publishing |date= 2008 |pages= 333–343 |isbn= 9780908988853}}
* {{cite book |last1= Shores |first1= Christopher F. |first2= Norman |last2= Franks |first3= Russell |last3= Guest |year= 1990 |title= Above the Trenches: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915–1920 |publisher=Grub Street |location= London |isbn=978-0-948817-19-9}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Arthur Coningham (RAF officer)}}
* [http://www.rafweb.org/Biographies/Coningham.htm Air of Authority – A History of RAF Organisation – Air Marshal Coningham]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071125182237/http://www.airforcehistory.hq.af.mil/Publications/Annotations/orangeconingham.htm Coningham: A Biography of Air Marshal Sir Arthur Coningham]
* {{cite web |title = Arthur Coningham | publisher = The Aerodrome | url= http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/australi/coningham.php |access-date = 13 December 2017 }}
* [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1948/1948%20-%200198.html The loss of Air Marshal Conningham as reported in a 1948 issue of ''Flight'' magazine]
* [http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/australi/coningham.php Arthur Coningham]. Lists his kills during World War I.

{{S-start}}
{{S-mil}}
|-
{{S-bef|before=[[Richard Saul]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=Officer Commanding [[RAF Calshot]]|years=1937–1939}}
{{S-aft|after=Unknown}}
|-
{{S-bef|before=[[Charles Hubert Boulby Blount]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Air Officer Commanding]] [[No. 4 Group RAF|No. 4 Group]]|years=1939–1941}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Roderick Carr]]}}
|-
{{S-bef|before=[[Raymond Collishaw]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=Air Officer Commanding [[No. 204 Group RAF|No. 204 Group]]|years=1941}}
{{S-non|reason=Group disbanded Raised to command and renamed AHQ Western Desert}}
|-
{{S-new|reason=Formation upgraded from No. 204 Group}}
{{S-ttl|title=Air Officer Commanding [[Desert Air Force|Air HQ Western Desert]] AOC Air HQ Libya from 20 January to 3 February 1942|years=1941–1942}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Harry Broadhurst]]}}
|-
{{S-bef|before=[[John D'Albiac]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=Commander-in-Chief [[RAF Second Tactical Air Force|Second Tactical Air Force]]|years=1944–1945}}
{{S-aft|after=[[William Douglas, 1st Baron Douglas of Kirtleside|Sir Sholto Douglas]] As C-in-C [[British Air Forces of Occupation]]}}
|-
{{S-bef|before=[[Philip Babington|Sir Philip Babington]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief [[RAF Flying Training Command|Flying Training Command]]|years=1945–1947}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Ralph Cochrane|Sir Ralph Cochrane]]}}
{{S-end}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Coningham, Arthur}}
[[Category:1895 births]]
[[Category:1948 deaths]]
[[Category:1940s missing person cases]]
[[Category:Air raid on Bari]]
[[Category:Australian World War I flying aces]]
[[Category:Australian people of Scottish descent]]
[[Category:Bermuda Triangle]]
[[Category:Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur]]
[[Category:Chief Commanders of the Legion of Merit]]
[[Category:Companions of the Distinguished Service Order]]
[[Category:Foreign recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (United States)]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of the Phoenix (Greece)]]
[[Category:Grand Officers of the Order of Leopold II]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Orange-Nassau]]
[[Category:Missing air passengers]]
[[Category:New Zealand Army personnel]]
[[Category:New Zealand military personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:New Zealand recipients of the Légion d'honneur]]
[[Category:New Zealand World War I flying aces]]
[[Category:People educated at Wellington College (New Zealand)]]
[[Category:People from Brisbane]]
[[Category:People lost at sea]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Croix de guerre (Belgium)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Military Cross]]
[[Category:Royal Air Force air marshals of World War II]]
[[Category:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 1948]]
[[Category:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in international waters]]
[[Category:Yachting|Yachting]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Brisbane]]

Arthur Coningham (RAF officer) - Revision history

Bot: robot: Create/upgrade articles. If there is a mistake please report on my talk page.