Aram Shah - Revision history

Musariaz at 03:20, 4 August 2025

2025-08-04T03:20:55Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:50, 4 August 2025
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	{{Short description\|~~Second Mamluk ruler~~ of Delhi ~~Sultanate~~}}		{{Short description\|Sultan of Delhi from 1210 to 1211}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2019}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2019}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=January 2019}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=January 2019}}
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	\| name = Aram Shah		\| name = Aram Shah
	\| title =		\| title =
	\| succession = ~~2nd~~ [[~~Delhi Sultanate\|~~Sultan of Delhi]]		\| image = Aram Shah of the Mamluk Sultanate.jpg
	\| predecessor = [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]]		\| succession = [[Sultan of Delhi]]
			\| predecessor = [[Qutb ud-Din Aibak]]
	\| successor = [[Iltutmish]]		\| successor = [[Iltutmish]]
	\| titletext =		\| titletext =
			\| caption = Photograph of an Indian miniature painting depicting Aram Shah, published in 'Tawarikh-i-Ghuri' by Munshi Bulaqi Das Sahib (1881)
	\| reign = December 1210 – June 1211		\| reign = December 1210 – June 1211
	\| house = ~~[[Mamluk Dynasty (Delhi)\|Mamluk]]~~		\| house =
	\| religion = [[Islam]]		\| religion = [[Islam]]
	\| birth_date = ~~unknown~~		\| birth_date = 1176
	\| birth_place =		\| birth_place =
	\| death_date = ~~June~~ 1211		\| death_date = {{Death date and age\|1211\|06\|\|1176\|\|\|df=y}}
			\| death_place = [[Delhi]]
	}}		}}

	'''Aram Shah''' ({{~~lang-~~fa\|آرام شاه}}~~) (died in~~ June 1211~~, r. 1210–1211~~) was the second sultan of the [[Mamluk ~~Dynasty~~ (Delhi)\|Mamluk ~~dynasty]] of the [[Delhi~~ Sultanate]]. He briefly held the throne after the unexpected death of [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] before being defeated and dethroned by [[Iltutmish]].		'''Aram Shah''' ({{langx\|fa\|{{nq\|آرام شاه}}}}; 1176 – June 1211) was the second [[sultan]] of the [[Mamluk Sultanate (Delhi)\|Mamluk Sultanate]]. He briefly held the throne from [[Lahore]] after the unexpected death of [[Qutb ud-Din Aibak]] before being defeated and dethroned by [[Iltutmish]] who began ruling from [[Delhi]].

	== Origins ==		== Origins ==

	Aram Shah is an obscure figure, and his relationship to his predecessor [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] is not certain. In some manuscripts of [[Minhaj-i-Siraj]]'s ''[[Tabaqat-i Nasiri]]'', the words "bin Aibak" ("son of Aibak") appear after his name in a chapter heading, and later writers believed him to be a son of Aibak. However, the words "bin Aibak" in the headline may have been an erroneous addition made by a scribe.{{sfn\|K. A. Nizami\|1992\|p=207}} Minhaj-i-Siraj refers to only three daughters of Aibak elsewhere in the text, and [[Ata-Malik Juvayni]]'s ''[[Tarikh-i Jahangushay]]'' explicitly states that Aibak did not have any son.{{sfn\|K. A. Nizami\|1992\|p=206}} What is known is that he succeeded Aibak in city of [[Lahore]].{{sfn\|Satish Chandra\|2004\|p=39}}		Aram Shah is an obscure figure, and his relationship to his predecessor [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] is not certain. In some manuscripts of [[Minhaj-i-Siraj]]'s ''[[Tabaqat-i Nasiri]]'', the words "bin Aibak" ("son of Qutub-i-deen-Aibak") appear after his name in a chapter heading, and later writers believed him to be a son of Aibak. However, the words "bin Aibak" in the headline may have been an erroneous addition made by a scribe.{{sfn\|K. A. Nizami\|1992\|p=207}} Minhaj-i-Siraj refers to only three daughters of Aibak elsewhere in the text, and [[Ata-Malik Juvayni]]'s ''[[Tarikh-i Jahangushay]]'' explicitly states that Aibak did not have any son.{{sfn\|K. A. Nizami\|1992\|p=206}} What is known is that he succeeded Aibak in city of [[Lahore]].{{sfn\|Satish Chandra\|2004\|p=39}}

	== Reign ==		== Reign ==

	In 1210, Qutb al-Din Aibak died unexpectedly in [[Lahore]] during a sport game, without having named a successor. To prevent instability in the kingdom, the [[Turkic peoples\|Turkic]] nobles (''~~maliks~~'' and ''~~amirs~~'') in Lahore appointed Aram Shah as his successor at [[Lahore]].{{sfn\|Satish Chandra\|2004\|p=39}}{{sfn\|K. A. Nizami\|1992\|p=206}} However, the ~~Turkish~~ nobles in different parts of the Sultanate opposed his ascension, and some of them - such as the Khalji nobles of Bengal - rebelled against him. According to the 16th century historian [[Firishta]], the kingdom also suffered an invasion from the neighbouring ruler [[Nasir ad-Din Qabacha]] of Multan.{{sfn\|K. A. Nizami\|1992\|p=207}}		In 1210, Qutb al-Din Aibak died unexpectedly in [[Lahore]] during a sport game, without having named a successor. To prevent instability in the kingdom, the [[Turkic peoples\|Turkic]] nobles (''[[malik]]s'' and ''umara'') in Lahore appointed Aram Shah as his successor at [[Lahore]].{{sfn\|Satish Chandra\|2004\|p=39}}{{sfn\|K. A. Nizami\|1992\|p=206}} However, the Turkic nobles in different parts of the Sultanate opposed his ascension, and some of them - such as the Khalji nobles of [[Bengal]] - rebelled against him. According to the 16th century historian [[Firishta]], the kingdom also suffered an invasion from the neighbouring ruler [[Nasir ad-Din Qabacha]] of [[Multan]].{{sfn\|K. A. Nizami\|1992\|p=207}}

	A group of nobles, led by the military justiciar (''Amir-i Dad'') Ali-yi Ismail, invited [[Iltutmish]] to occupy the throne.{{sfn\|Peter Jackson\|2003\|p=29}} Iltutmish, a former slave of Aibak and the governor of [[Badaun]], had a distinguished record of service and was called a son by Aibak, because of which the nobles considered him as a good candidate for the throne.{{sfn\|K. A. Nizami\|1992\|pp=207-208}} Iltutmish marched to Delhi, where he seized the power, and later defeated Aram Shah's forces at Bagh-i Jud. According to the ''Tabaqat-i Nasiri'', Aram Shah was "martyred": it is not clear if he was killed on the battlefield, or put to death as a prisoner of war.{{sfn\|Peter Jackson\|2003\|p=29}} Two of his important officers - Aqsanqar and Farrukh Shah - were killed on the battlefield. Iltutmish subsequently consolidated his power .{{sfn\|K. A. Nizami\|1992\|p=208}}		A group of nobles, led by the military justiciar (''Amir-i Dad'') Ali-yi Ismail, invited [[Iltutmish]] to occupy the throne.{{sfn\|Peter Jackson\|2003\|p=29}} Iltutmish, a former slave of Aibak and the governor of [[Badaun]], had a distinguished record of service and was called a son by Aibak, because of which the nobles considered him as a good candidate for the throne.{{sfn\|K. A. Nizami\|1992\|pp=207-208}} Iltutmish marched to [[Delhi]], where he seized the power, and later defeated Aram Shah's forces at Bagh-i Jud. According to the ''Tabaqat-i Nasiri'', Aram Shah was "martyred": it is not clear if he was killed on the battlefield, or put to death as a prisoner of war.{{sfn\|Peter Jackson\|2003\|p=29}} Two of his important officers - Aqsanqar and Farrukh Shah - were killed on the battlefield. Iltutmish subsequently consolidated his power and began ruling from [[Delhi]].{{sfn\|K. A. Nizami\|1992\|p=208}}

	== References ==		== References ==
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	=== Bibliography ===		=== Bibliography ===
	{{ref begin}}		{{ref begin}}
	* {{cite book \|author=K. A. Nizami \|author-link=K. A. Nizami \|chapter=The Early Turkish Sultans of Delhi \|editor1=Mohammad Habib \|editor2=Khaliq Ahmad Nizami \|title=A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. ~~1206-1526~~) \|volume=5 \|edition=Second \|year=1992 \|publisher=The Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_9cmAQAAMAAJ \|oclc=31870180 }}		* {{cite book \|author=K. A. Nizami \|author-link=K. A. Nizami \|chapter=The Early Turkish Sultans of Delhi \|editor1=Mohammad Habib \|editor2=Khaliq Ahmad Nizami \|title=A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206–1526) \|volume=5 \|edition=Second \|year=1992 \|publisher=The Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_9cmAQAAMAAJ \|oclc=31870180 }}
	* {{cite book \|author=Peter Jackson \|title=The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lt2tqOpVRKgC&pg=PA29 \|year=2003 \|publisher=Cambridge University Press \|isbn=978-0-521-54329-3 \|page=29 }}		* {{cite book \|author=Peter Jackson \|title=The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lt2tqOpVRKgC&pg=PA29 \|year=2003 \|publisher=Cambridge University Press \|isbn=978-0-521-54329-3 \|page=29 }}
	* {{cite book \|author=Satish Chandra \|title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals-Delhi Sultanat (~~1206-1526~~) \|volume=1 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L5eFzeyjBTQC \|year=2004 \|publisher=Har-Anand Publications \|isbn=978-81-241-1064-5 }}		* {{cite book \|author=Satish Chandra \|title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals-Delhi Sultanat (1206–1526) \|volume=1 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L5eFzeyjBTQC \|year=2004 \|publisher=Har-Anand Publications \|isbn=978-81-241-1064-5 }}
	{{ref end}}		{{ref end}}

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	[[Category:Year of death unknown]]		[[Category:Year of death unknown]]
	[[Category:13th-century Indian Muslims]]		[[Category:13th-century Indian Muslims]]
			[[Category:13th-century Indian people]]
	~~{{India~~-~~royal-stub}}~~

UpdateBot: robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

2022-06-10T04:56:28Z

robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:26, 10 June 2022
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			{{Short description\|Second Mamluk ruler of Delhi Sultanate}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2019}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2019}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=January 2019}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=January 2019}}
	{{Infobox Monarch		{{Infobox Monarch
	\| name = Aram Shah		\| name = Aram Shah
	\| title = 2nd [[Sultan of Delhi]]		\| title =
			\| succession = 2nd [[Delhi Sultanate\|Sultan of Delhi]]
	\| predecessor = [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]]		\| predecessor = [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]]
	\| successor = [[Iltutmish]]		\| successor = [[Iltutmish]]
	\| titletext =		\| titletext =
	\| reign = December 1210 – June 1211		\| reign = December 1210 – June 1211
	~~\| father =~~		\| house = [[Mamluk Dynasty (Delhi)\|Mamluk]]
	\| house = [[Mamluk Dynasty (Delhi)\|Mamluk ~~dynasty~~]]
	~~\| mother =~~
	\| religion = [[Islam]]		\| religion = [[Islam]]
	\| birth_date = unknown		\| birth_date = unknown
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	}}		}}

	'''Aram Shah''' (r. 1210–1211) was the second sultan of the [[Mamluk Dynasty (Delhi)\|Mamluk dynasty]] of the [[Delhi Sultanate]]. He briefly held the throne after the unexpected death of [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] before being defeated and dethroned by [[Iltutmish]].		'''Aram Shah''' ({{lang-fa\|آرام شاه}}) (died in June 1211, r. 1210–1211) was the second sultan of the [[Mamluk Dynasty (Delhi)\|Mamluk dynasty]] of the [[Delhi Sultanate]]. He briefly held the throne after the unexpected death of [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] before being defeated and dethroned by [[Iltutmish]].

	== Origins ==		== Origins ==

	Aram Shah is an obscure figure, and his relationship to his predecessor [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] is not certain. In some manuscripts of [[Minhaj-i-Siraj]]'s ''[[Tabaqat-i Nasiri]]'', the words "bin Aibak" ("son of Aibak") appear after his name in a chapter heading, and later writers believed him to be a son of Aibak. However, the words "bin Aibak" in the headline may have been an erroneous addition made by a scribe.{{sfn\|K. A. Nizami\|1992\|p=207}} Minhaj-i-Siraj refers to only three daughters of Aibak elsewhere in the text, and [[Ata-Malik Juvayni]]'s ''[[Tarikh-i Jahangushay]]'' explicitly states that Aibak did not have any son.{{sfn\|K. A. Nizami\|1992\|p=206}}		Aram Shah is an obscure figure, and his relationship to his predecessor [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] is not certain. In some manuscripts of [[Minhaj-i-Siraj]]'s ''[[Tabaqat-i Nasiri]]'', the words "bin Aibak" ("son of Aibak") appear after his name in a chapter heading, and later writers believed him to be a son of Aibak. However, the words "bin Aibak" in the headline may have been an erroneous addition made by a scribe.{{sfn\|K. A. Nizami\|1992\|p=207}} Minhaj-i-Siraj refers to only three daughters of Aibak elsewhere in the text, and [[Ata-Malik Juvayni]]'s ''[[Tarikh-i Jahangushay]]'' explicitly states that Aibak did not have any son.{{sfn\|K. A. Nizami\|1992\|p=206}} What is known is that he succeeded Aibak in city of [[Lahore]].{{sfn\|Satish Chandra\|2004\|p=39}}

	== Reign ==		== Reign ==

>Iridescent 2: /* top */Cleanup and typo fixing, typo(s) fixed: 1210-1211 → 1210–1211

2021-09-28T17:47:30Z

top: Cleanup and typo fixing, typo(s) fixed: 1210-1211 → 1210–1211

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:17, 28 September 2021
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	{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2019}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2019}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=January 2019}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=January 2019}}
	{{Infobox Monarch\|name=Aram Shah		{{Infobox Monarch
	\|title=Sultan of Delhi		\| name = Aram Shah
	\|predecessor=[[Qutb al-Din Aibak]]		\| title = 2nd [[Sultan of Delhi]]
	\|successor=[[Iltutmish]]		\| predecessor = [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]]
	\|titletext=		\| successor = [[Iltutmish]]
	\|reign=December 1210 – June 1211		\| titletext =
	\|father=		\| reign = December 1210 – June 1211
	\|house=[[Mamluk Dynasty (Delhi)\|Mamluk dynasty]]		\| father =
	\|mother=		\| house = [[Mamluk Dynasty (Delhi)\|Mamluk dynasty]]
	\|religion=[[Islam]]		\| mother =
	\|birth_date = unknown		\| religion = [[Islam]]
	\|birth_place =		\| birth_date = unknown
	\|death_date=June 1211		\| birth_place =
			\| death_date = June 1211
	}}		}}

	'''Aram Shah''' (r. ~~1210-1211~~) was the second sultan of the [[Mamluk Dynasty (Delhi)\|Mamluk dynasty]] of the [[Delhi Sultanate]]. He briefly held the throne after the unexpected death of [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] before being defeated and dethroned by [[Iltutmish]].		'''Aram Shah''' (r. 1210–1211) was the second sultan of the [[Mamluk Dynasty (Delhi)\|Mamluk dynasty]] of the [[Delhi Sultanate]]. He briefly held the throne after the unexpected death of [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] before being defeated and dethroned by [[Iltutmish]].

	== Origins ==		== Origins ==

>Kansas Bear: rv, unexplained deletion, unsourced addition

2021-04-19T20:33:06Z

rv, unexplained deletion, unsourced addition

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox Monarch|name=Aram Shah
|title=Sultan of Delhi
|predecessor=[[Qutb al-Din Aibak]]
|successor=[[Iltutmish]]
|titletext=
|reign=December 1210 – June 1211
|father=
|house=[[Mamluk Dynasty (Delhi)|Mamluk dynasty]]
|mother=
|religion=[[Islam]]
|birth_date = unknown
|birth_place =
|death_date=June 1211
}}

'''Aram Shah''' (r. 1210-1211) was the second sultan of the [[Mamluk Dynasty (Delhi)|Mamluk dynasty]] of the [[Delhi Sultanate]]. He briefly held the throne after the unexpected death of [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] before being defeated and dethroned by [[Iltutmish]].

== Origins ==

Aram Shah is an obscure figure, and his relationship to his predecessor [[Qutb al-Din Aibak]] is not certain. In some manuscripts of [[Minhaj-i-Siraj]]'s ''[[Tabaqat-i Nasiri]]'', the words "bin Aibak" ("son of Aibak") appear after his name in a chapter heading, and later writers believed him to be a son of Aibak. However, the words "bin Aibak" in the headline may have been an erroneous addition made by a scribe.{{sfn|K. A. Nizami|1992|p=207}} Minhaj-i-Siraj refers to only three daughters of Aibak elsewhere in the text, and [[Ata-Malik Juvayni]]'s ''[[Tarikh-i Jahangushay]]'' explicitly states that Aibak did not have any son.{{sfn|K. A. Nizami|1992|p=206}}

== Reign ==

In 1210, Qutb al-Din Aibak died unexpectedly in [[Lahore]] during a sport game, without having named a successor. To prevent instability in the kingdom, the [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] nobles (''maliks'' and ''amirs'') in Lahore appointed Aram Shah as his successor at [[Lahore]].{{sfn|Satish Chandra|2004|p=39}}{{sfn|K. A. Nizami|1992|p=206}} However, the Turkish nobles in different parts of the Sultanate opposed his ascension, and some of them - such as the Khalji nobles of Bengal - rebelled against him. According to the 16th century historian [[Firishta]], the kingdom also suffered an invasion from the neighbouring ruler [[Nasir ad-Din Qabacha]] of Multan.{{sfn|K. A. Nizami|1992|p=207}}

A group of nobles, led by the military justiciar (''Amir-i Dad'') Ali-yi Ismail, invited [[Iltutmish]] to occupy the throne.{{sfn|Peter Jackson|2003|p=29}} Iltutmish, a former slave of Aibak and the governor of [[Badaun]], had a distinguished record of service and was called a son by Aibak, because of which the nobles considered him as a good candidate for the throne.{{sfn|K. A. Nizami|1992|pp=207-208}} Iltutmish marched to Delhi, where he seized the power, and later defeated Aram Shah's forces at Bagh-i Jud. According to the ''Tabaqat-i Nasiri'', Aram Shah was "martyred": it is not clear if he was killed on the battlefield, or put to death as a prisoner of war.{{sfn|Peter Jackson|2003|p=29}} Two of his important officers - Aqsanqar and Farrukh Shah - were killed on the battlefield. Iltutmish subsequently consolidated his power .{{sfn|K. A. Nizami|1992|p=208}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

=== Bibliography ===
{{ref begin}}
* {{cite book |author=K. A. Nizami |author-link=K. A. Nizami |chapter=The Early Turkish Sultans of Delhi |editor1=Mohammad Habib |editor2=Khaliq Ahmad Nizami |title=A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206-1526) |volume=5 |edition=Second |year=1992 |publisher=The Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_9cmAQAAMAAJ |oclc=31870180 }}
* {{cite book |author=Peter Jackson |title=The Delhi Sultanate: A Political and Military History |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lt2tqOpVRKgC&pg=PA29 |year=2003 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-54329-3 |page=29 }}
* {{cite book |author=Satish Chandra |title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals-Delhi Sultanat (1206-1526) |volume=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=L5eFzeyjBTQC |year=2004 |publisher=Har-Anand Publications |isbn=978-81-241-1064-5 }}
{{ref end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Aram Shah}}
[[Category:Sultans of the Mamluk dynasty (Delhi)]]
[[Category:13th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:Year of death unknown]]
[[Category:13th-century Indian Muslims]]

{{India-royal-stub}}