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{{Short description|Village in Manipur, India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Ankhasuo
| other_name = Sibapurikhal
| nickname =
| settlement_type = Village
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Manipur#India
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Manipur, India
| coordinates = {{coord|24.5691|93.0820|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Manipur]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Pherzawl district|Pherzawl]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 1841
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Churachandpur Census 2011"/>
| demographics_type1 = Language(s)
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Meitei language|Meitei]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code =
| registration_plate = MN
| website = {{URL|manipur.gov.in}}
| footnotes =
| mapframe = yes
| mapframe-zoom = 13
| mapframe-wikidata = yes
}}
'''Ankhasuo''', also called '''Sibapurikhal''',{{efn|Alternative spellings: "Shibapurikhal".<ref name="Gazette 1956"/>}} is a census village in the [[Vangai Range subdivision]], [[Pherzawl district]], [[Manipur]], [[India]].<ref name="Churachandpur Census 2011">
{{citation |title=Churachandpur District Census Handbook |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Manipur |year=2011 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/846/download/36252/DH_2011_1403_PART_A_DCHB_CHURACHANDPUR.pdf |page=92}}
</ref>
The village is on the bank of the [[Barak River]], close to the border between Pherzawl and [[Jiribam district|Jiribam]] districts. '''Savomphai''', the next village to the north is the last village in Pherzawl district. Other villages in the vicinity are '''Kasurbali'''{{efn|Alternative spellings: "Kosurbali".<ref name="Gazette 1956"/>}} and '''Khangbor''', the latter of which is enumerated within Ankhasuo for the census.

The Barak River flows north in this region, up to [[Jirimukh]], where it turns northwest. The Barak River also forms the border with the [[Assam]] state of India.

== Geography and History ==
The entire [[Vangaitang]] range was part of the [[Dimasa Kingdom|Cachar kingdom]] at the beginning of the 19th century. After annexing the kingdom in 1832, the British transferred the Vangaitang range to Manipur, setting the border along the western stretch of Barak River{{efn|The Barak River flows south till [[Tipaimukh]] and then makes an almost 180°-bend to flow north till Jirimukh.}} and the Jiri River.<ref>
{{Citation |last=Sanjeev |first=Thingnam |chapter=Recasting Space: Politics of frontier-making |editor1=Arambam Noni |editor2=Kangujam Sanatomba |title=Colonialism and Resistance: Society and State in Manipur |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XTfbCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA242 |year=2015 |publisher=Routledge |ISBN=978-1-317-27066-9 |page=243}}
</ref><ref>
{{Cite book |last=Goshwami |first=Hareshwar |title=History of the People of Manipur |publisher=YAOL |year=2019 |edition=Revised |isbn=978-1-9993057-0-3 |url=https://archive.org/details/hareshwar-goshwami-history-of-the-people-of-manipur |via=archive.org |pages=24–25, 251}}
</ref>

In 1907, the Manipur government opened the "Jiribam valley" between the rivers and the Vangaitang range for agricultural settlement,<ref>
{{citation |last=Harvey |first=C. W. L. |title=Administration Report of The Manipur State For The Year 1931-32 |publisher=The State Printing Press |location=Imphal |year=1932 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.125395 |via=archive.org |page=44}}
</ref>
which attracted settlers from Cachar, including Bengalis as well as Meiteis.<ref>
{{citation |last=Harvey |first=C. W. L. |title=Administration Report of The Manipur State For The Year 1931-32 |publisher=The State Printing Press |location=Imphal |year=1932 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.125395 |via=archive.org |page=55}}
</ref>
The Vangaitang range is the traditional abode of the [[Hmar people|Hmar tribes]].

=== Independent India ===
After the independence of India, a Jiribam subdivision was defined in Manipur to encompass the Vangaitang range from the east–west stretch of the Jiri River in the north to [[Tipaimukh]] in the south.<ref name="Atlas">
{{citation |title=Manipur Administrative Atlas |publisher=Census of India, Government of India |year=2005 |url=http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/4393/1/50276_2001_ADM.pdf |pages=12–19}}
</ref>
The 1956 listing of villages in the subdivision includes Kosurbali and Shibapurikhal.<ref name="Gazette 1956">
{{citation |chapter=Notification No. IJ/2/56 |title=Manipur Gazette |date=16 August 1956 |pages=15–16 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.125722/page/n652 |via=archive.org}}
</ref>
In 1958, Sibapurikhal was listed one of the 16 village authorities in the Jiribam subdivision.<ref>
{{citation |chapter=Notification No. J/27(a)/54 |title=Manipur Gazette |date=21 April 1958 |page=22 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.125704/page/n233 |via=archive.org}}
</ref>

In due course, the southern and eastern hill regions were transferred to the [[Churachandpur district]] (now [[Pherzawl district]]), leaving only the valley and some of the foothills regions in the Jiribam subdivision.<ref name="Atlas">
{{citation |title=Manipur Administrative Atlas |publisher=Census of India, Government of India |year=2005 |url=http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/4393/1/50276_2001_ADM.pdf |pages=12–19}}
</ref>
The border between the Jiribam and Pherzawl districts runs between [[Choudhurikhal]] and Savomphai.<ref name="Churachandpur Census 2011">
{{citation |title=Churachandpur District Census Handbook |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Manipur |year=2011 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/846/download/36252/DH_2011_1403_PART_A_DCHB_CHURACHANDPUR.pdf |page=92}}
</ref>

The Jiribam–Tipaimukh Road ("JT Road"), which is the only state-level highway in the Jiribam district, runs through the region. Near the Khangbor village, it begins its climb the Vangaitang range, and runs on the ridge top on its way south.

In 2012, the fifth round of "environmental hearings" for the proposed oil and gas exploration by Jubilant Energy in Pherzawl and neighbouring districts were held at Ankhasuo.<ref name="TOI 24 Nov 2012">
[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/public-hearing-fails-to-resolve-oil-project-impasse/articleshow/17333983.cms Public hearing fails to resolve oil project impasse], The Times of India, 24 November 2012. {{ProQuest|1190110472}}
</ref>
The civil society organisations of the region expressed their opposition to the exploration, citing the absence of flow of information and consensus seeking behind the efforts.<ref name="TOI 24 Nov 2012"/> The convener of the Committee on Protection of Natural Resources in Manipur said that, since all five public hearings raised objections from people, Jubilant should "pack up and leave".<ref>
Aheli Moitra, [https://morungexpress.com/people-voice-out-against-oil-exploration-in-manipur People voice out against oil exploration in Manipur], Morung Express, 23 November 2012.
</ref>

== Demographics ==
The Ankhasuo (Sibapurikhal) census village has a population of 1841 people living in 355 households. 92 percent of the population is made of [[Scheduled Tribes]]. The census village likely includes the Khangbor village.<ref name="Churachandpur Census 2011"/><ref name="Churachandpur PCA 2011">{{citation |title=PCA TV: Primary census abstract at town, village and ward level, Manipur - District Churachandpur - 2011 |publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Government of India |date=2011 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/6465 |id=PC11_PCA-TV-1403}}
</ref>

The neighbouring Kasurbali village has a population of 118 people, with only 4% belonging to Scheduled Tribes. Savomphai has a population of 442 people with 99% belonging to Scheduled Tribes.<ref name="Churachandpur Census 2011"/><ref name="Churachandpur PCA 2011"/>

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://marsac.mn.gov.in/pdf/sub_division/SubDivision_BOROBEKRA.pdf Borobekra Subdivision], Manipur Remote Sensing Applications Centre, retrieved 8 November 2024.
* [https://marsac.mn.gov.in/pdf/sub_division/SubDivision_VANGAI_RANGE.pdf Vangai Range Subdivision], Manipur Remote Sensing Applications Centre, retrieved 8 November 2024.

[[Category:Villages in Pherzawl district]]

Ankhasuo - Revision history

PranayMeesala: added details