Anandalahari - Revision history

BharatpediaContributor at 16:31, 4 December 2025

2025-12-04T16:31:14Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:01, 4 December 2025
Line 13:		Line 13:
	\| related = Pullavan Kudam, Bhapang, gubgubi, [[Khamak]]		\| related = Pullavan Kudam, Bhapang, gubgubi, [[Khamak]]
	}}		}}
	The '''anandalahari''' ({{~~lang-~~bn\|আনন্দলহরী}}; {{~~lang-~~sa\|आनन्दलहरी\|translit=ānandalaharī}}) is ~~an Indian~~ [[~~chordophone~~]] musical instrument.<ref name="b">{{cite book \|last1=Arnold \|first1=Alison \|title=The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music: South Asia: The Indian Subcontinent \|date=2017 \|publisher=Routledge \|isbn=978-1-351-54438-2 \|url=https://books.~~google.com/books?id=Hh03DwAAQBAJ \|page=300\|language=en}}</ref>~~ The instrument often accompanies dance, and may act as melody and rhythm.<ref name="c">{{cite web \|last1=Dick \|first1=Alastair \|last2=Montagu \|first2=Jeremy\|title=Ānandalaharī \|url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-4002261310 \|website=Grove Music Online \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|language=en \|doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.L2261310\|year=2014}}</ref>		The '''anandalahari''' ({{langx\|bn\|আনন্দলহরী}}; {{langx\|sa\|आनन्दलहरी\|translit=ānandalaharī}}) is originated in [[bengal]] region. The instrument often accompanies dance, and may act as melody and rhythm.<ref name="c">{{cite web \|last1=Dick \|first1=Alastair \|last2=Montagu \|first2=Jeremy\|title=Ānandalaharī \|url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-4002261310 \|website=Grove Music Online \|publisher=Oxford University Press \|language=en \|doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.L2261310\|year=2014}}</ref>

			{{Culture of Bengal}}

	==Name==		==Name==
Line 19:		Line 21:

	==Description==		==Description==
	The anandalahari has a barrel-shaped body, open on one side, and fixed on the "bottom" of a single string.<ref name="a">{{cite book \|last1=Lorea \|first1=Carola \|title=Folklore, Religion and the Songs of a Bengali Madman: A Journey Between Performance and the Politics of Cultural Representation \|date=2016 \|publisher=BRILL \|isbn=978-90-04-32471-8 \|page=vii \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7izFDAAAQBAJ \|language=en}}</ref><ref name="b"/> The tool body is wooden, open on both sides; the membrane is fixed in the lower and upper parts with a leather hoop and cords.<ref name="c"/> Some instruments have a hole in the upper diaphragm, others not; it may be completely absent in old instruments.<ref name="c"/> The vein string is attached to the bottom with a piece of bamboo or other material.<ref name="c"/> The other end of the string is fixed inside a copper pot.<ref name="c"/>		The anandalahari has a barrel-shaped body, open on one side, and fixed on the "bottom" of a single string.<ref name="a">{{cite book \|last1=Lorea \|first1=Carola \|title=Folklore, Religion and the Songs of a Bengali Madman: A Journey Between Performance and the Politics of Cultural Representation \|date=2016 \|publisher=BRILL \|isbn=978-90-04-32471-8 \|page=vii \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7izFDAAAQBAJ \|language=en}}</ref><ref name="b">{{cite book \|last1=Arnold \|first1=Alison \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hh03DwAAQBAJ \|title=The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music: South Asia: The Indian Subcontinent \|date=2017 \|publisher=Routledge \|isbn=978-1-351-54438-2 \|page=300 \|language=en}}</ref> The tool body is wooden, open on both sides; the membrane is fixed in the lower and upper parts with a leather hoop and cords.<ref name="c"/> Some instruments have a hole in the upper diaphragm, others not; it may be completely absent in old instruments.<ref name="c"/> The vein string is attached to the bottom with a piece of bamboo or other material.<ref name="c"/> The other end of the string is fixed inside a copper pot.<ref name="c"/>

	==Use==		==Use==
Line 47:		Line 49:
	[[Category:Bangladeshi musical instruments]]		[[Category:Bangladeshi musical instruments]]
	[[Category:Chordophones]]		[[Category:Chordophones]]
	~~[[Category:Membranophones]]~~
	[[Category:Plucked membranophones]]		[[Category:Plucked membranophones]]

UpdateBot: robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

2021-08-09T18:55:49Z

robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:25, 10 August 2021
Line 6:		Line 6:
	\| alt =		\| alt =
	\| caption =		\| caption =
	\| background =		\| background =
	\| names = gubgubi, khamak		\| names = gubgubi, khamak
	\| classification = [[Membranophone]] [[Chordophone]]		\| classification = [[Membranophone]] [[Chordophone]]
	\| hornbostel_sachs =22		\| hornbostel_sachs =22

>CatCat: these are not related instruments, but lute-like, replaced with instruments more like it.

2021-05-13T00:18:51Z

these are not related instruments, but lute-like, replaced with instruments more like it.

New page

{{short description|Indian musical instrument}}
{{Infobox instrument
| name = Anandalahari
| image = Ānandalaharī_MET_midp89.4.181.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| background =
| names = gubgubi, khamak
| classification = [[Membranophone]] [[Chordophone]]
| hornbostel_sachs =22
| hornbostel_sachs_desc =barrel shaped body, open on one side, and fixed on the bottom of a string(s)
| related = Pullavan Kudam, Bhapang, gubgubi, [[Khamak]]
}}
The '''anandalahari''' ({{lang-bn|আনন্দলহরী}}; {{lang-sa|आनन्दलहरी|translit=ānandalaharī}}) is an Indian [[chordophone]] musical instrument.<ref name="b">{{cite book |last1=Arnold |first1=Alison |title=The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music: South Asia: The Indian Subcontinent |date=2017 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-351-54438-2 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hh03DwAAQBAJ |page=300|language=en}}</ref> The instrument often accompanies dance, and may act as melody and rhythm.<ref name="c">{{cite web |last1=Dick |first1=Alastair |last2=Montagu |first2=Jeremy|title=Ānandalaharī |url=https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-4002261310 |website=Grove Music Online |publisher=Oxford University Press |language=en |doi=10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.L2261310|year=2014}}</ref>

==Name==
The name ''anandalahari'' means "waves of joy". Popularly this instrument is called by [[onomatopoeic]] names like ''gubgubi'' and ''khamak''.<ref name="c"/>

==Description==
The anandalahari has a barrel-shaped body, open on one side, and fixed on the "bottom" of a single string.<ref name="a">{{cite book |last1=Lorea |first1=Carola |title=Folklore, Religion and the Songs of a Bengali Madman: A Journey Between Performance and the Politics of Cultural Representation |date=2016 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-32471-8 |page=vii |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7izFDAAAQBAJ |language=en}}</ref><ref name="b"/> The tool body is wooden, open on both sides; the membrane is fixed in the lower and upper parts with a leather hoop and cords.<ref name="c"/> Some instruments have a hole in the upper diaphragm, others not; it may be completely absent in old instruments.<ref name="c"/> The vein string is attached to the bottom with a piece of bamboo or other material.<ref name="c"/> The other end of the string is fixed inside a copper pot.<ref name="c"/>

==Use==
The barrel is placed in the left armpit, the pot is taken in the left hand and the string is pulled with it, and the string is played with the right hand using a [[plectrum]].<ref name="c"/>

A similar instrument named ''pulluvan kudam''<ref name="b"/> is found in [[South India]]. Another similar instrument known as the ''gopiyantra kendra'' is used by the [[Munda people]] of [[West Bengal|Bengal]] and [[Odisha]]. Both the gopiyantra and the anandalahari are used by religious mendicant singers of the [[Sadhu]] type and especially by singers of the [[heterodox]] [[Baul]] faith.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Ray |first1=Sukumar |title=Music of Eastern India: Vocal Music in Bengali, Oriya, Assamese, and Manipuri, with Special Emphasis on Bengali |date=1973 |publisher=Firma K. L. Mukhopadhyay |location=Calcutta |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gCvaAAAAMAAJ&q=anandalahari |pages=106–107|isbn=9780883862612 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Barthakur |first1=Dilip Ranjan |title=The Music and Musical Instruments of North Eastern India |year=2003 |publisher=Mittal Publications |isbn=978-81-7099-881-5 |pages=129–130 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oP4vH-4oSEcC&pg=PA130 |language=en}}</ref>

==Classification==
[[Curt Sachs]] believed that the anandalahari and related instruments are a separate class of purely Indian plucked [[membranophones]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Sachs |first1=Curt |title=Die Musikinstrumente Indiens und Indonesiens: zugleich eine Einführung in die Instrumentenkunde |date=1923 |publisher=Vereinigung Wissenschaftlicher Verleger |location=Berlin and Leipzig |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JHQFAAAAMAAJ|page=78|isbn=9783112132302 |language=de}}</ref> but [[ethnomusicologist]], [[Laurence Picken]] and others have shown that they are clean [[chordophones]].<ref>L.E.R. Picken (1981): The 'Plucked Drums': ''Gopīyantra and Ānandalaharī''’, Musica asiatica, '''iii''', p 29–33</ref>

==See also==
* [[Ektara]]
* [[Kendara]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Anandalahari Anandalahari] Banglapedia

{{Commons category|Anandalahari}}
{{Indian musical instruments}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Indian musical instruments]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi musical instruments]]
[[Category:Chordophones]]
[[Category:Membranophones]]
[[Category:Plucked membranophones]]