Americans in India - Revision history

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	==See also==		==See also==
	~~{{Portal\|India\|United States}}~~
	*[[Indian American]]		*[[Indian American]]
	{{-}}		{{-}}

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{{short description|Ethnic group in India}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
|group=Americans in India
|image =
|caption =
|population = 1,000,000 (2019)<ref>{{cite web|title=Fact Sheet: The United States and India — Prosperity Through Partnership|url=https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2017/06/26/fact-sheet-united-states-and-india-prosperity-through-partnership|access-date=28 June 2017|language=en|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|date=26 June 2017}}</ref>

|regions= [[Bangalore]]{{·}}[[Chennai]]{{·}}[[Hyderabad]]{{·}}[[Mumbai]]{{·}}[[New Delhi]] {{·}} [[Kochi]]
|langs= [[American English]]{{·}}[[Languages of India|Indian languages]]
|rels= [[Christianity]]{{·}}[[Hinduism]]{{·}}[[Islam]]{{·}}[[Sikhism]]
|related= [[Emigration from the United States|American diaspora]]
}}

'''Americans in India''' comprise expatriates and immigrants from the [[United States]] living in [[India]], along with [[India]]n citizens of [[Americans|American]] descent. They have a history stretching back to the late 18th century.<ref>{{harvnb|Bhagat|1970}}</ref>

==History==
During [[World War II]], more than 400,000 American soldiers were sent to India.<ref>{{harvnb|Vest|1948|p=223}}</ref>

After the end of [[British India|British colonial rule in India]] in 1947, the "colonial third culture" surrounding employment, which featured expatriates in superior roles, natives in subordinate roles, and little informal socialisation between the two, began to be replaced with a "co-ordinate third culture", based around the common social life of Americans working in multinational corporations and their Indian colleagues. Americans who came to India for work slowly assimilated into this culture.<ref>{{harvnb|J. Useem|1966|p=146}}</ref> Many companies in those days found they had difficulty retaining American employees with children; they found educational facilities at the high school level to be inadequate.<ref>{{harvnb|R. Useem|1966|p=132}}</ref>

In a break from the long tradition of older American expatriates coming to India to manage local subsidiaries of American companies, a trend began in the 2000s of younger Americans taking jobs at Indian companies, especially in the information technology sector, often at lower wages than they had previously earned in the U.S. In 2006 there were estimated to be roughly 800 American immigrants working in high-tech companies in India.<ref>{{citation|title=M.B.A. Students Bypassing Wall Street for a Summer in India|periodical=The New York Times|date=2005-08-10|access-date=2009-03-06|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/08/10/business/worldbusiness/10intern.html|last=Rai|first=Saritha}}</ref><ref>{{citation|title=Americans seek opportunity in booming Bangalore|date=2006-04-03|access-date=2009-03-06|last=Chea|first=Terence|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-121108666.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023110727/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-121108666.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-10-23|periodical=Associated Press}}</ref>

==Numbers==
According to a White House press release on June 26, 2017, over 700,000 U.S. citizens reside in India.<ref>{{cite web|title=Fact Sheet: The United States and India — Prosperity Through Partnership|url=https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2017/06/26/fact-sheet-united-states-and-india-prosperity-through-partnership|access-date=28 June 2017|language=en|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|date=26 June 2017}}</ref>

In 2002, one widely cited estimate stated that 60,000 Americans including African Americans lived in India. However, exact numbers were difficult to come by because many did not register with the embassy.<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/06/08/world/many-americans-unfazed-go-on-doing-business-in-india.html|periodical=The New York Times|title=Many Americans, Unfazed, Go On Doing Business in India|first=Barry|last=Bearak|first2=Seth|last2=Mydans|date=2002-06-08|access-date=2009-03-06}}</ref> Some media reports around the time of the [[2008 United States presidential election|2008 U.S. presidential election]] stated that 10,000 Americans lived in India at the time.<ref>{{citation|last=Guha|first=Seema|title=Obama fans have already called a party in Delhi|periodical=DNA India|date=2008-11-04|access-date=2009-03-06|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/report.asp?newsid=1203199}}</ref> However this conflicted with another figure given by the head of the U.S. consulate in Mumbai, who estimated that there were 9,000 living in Mumbai and its surroundings alone, representing almost 0,1% of its total population.<ref>{{citation|title=How Americans in India vote for US polls?|periodical=The Times of India|date=2008-10-29|access-date=2009-03-06|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/903355.cms}}</ref>

==In fiction==
Fictional portrayals include [[Paul Theroux]]'s ''The Elephanta Suite''.{{cn|date=June 2020}} ''[[Outsourced (TV series)|Outsourced]]'' aired on [[NBC]] during the 2010 television season, depicting an American manager at a call center in Mumbai.<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=NBC Cancels 'Outsourced': First TV Show Set in India |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/nri/us-canada-news/NBC-Cancels-Outsourced-First-TV-Show-Set-in-India/articleshow/8487307.cms |newspaper=Times of India |publisher=Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd |date=May 21, 2011 |access-date=July 18, 2014 }}</ref>

==Education==
American schools in India include:
* [[American Embassy School]] (Delhi)
* [[American School of Bombay]]
* [[American International School–Chennai]]

==Notable people==
This is a list of current and [[list of former United States citizens who relinquished their nationality|former U.S. citizens]] whose notability is related to their residence in India.

* [[Akhil Akkineni]], American actor of Indian descent, who works in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] films
*[[Tom Alter]], actor in the [[Cinema of India|Indian cinema]] industry, former U.S. citizen<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/07/06/movies/an-american-star-of-the-hindi-screen.html|title=An American Star of the Hindi Screen|periodical=The New York Times|access-date=2009-03-06|date=1989-07-06|last=Hazarika|first=Sanjoy}}</ref>
* [[Martha Chen]], born and raised up in India but later became an American citizen
* [[Mary Curzon, Baroness Curzon of Kedleston|Mary Curzon]], Baroness Curzon of Kedleston, CI (27 May 1870 – 18 July 1906); as Vicereine of India, she held the highest official title in history of any American woman up to her time
* [[Monica Dogra]], American singer and actor of Indian origin based in Mumbai
* [[Ellis R. Dungan]], American director who worked in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] films
* [[Goa Gil]]
* [[Lauren Gottlieb]], actress and dancer
* [[Nathaniel Higginson]], Governor of Madras (1692–98)
*[[Deva Katta]], Indian-born film director who has later acquired U.S. citizenship, works in [[Telugu language|Telugu]] films
* [[Imran Khan (Bollywood actor)|Imran Khan]], American actor of Indian origin, who works in [[Hindi]] films
* [[Jiah Khan]]
* Dr. [[Anna Sarah Kugler]], first medical missionary of the [[Evangelical Lutheran General Synod of the United States of North America]]
* [[Pooja Kumar]], American actress born to Indian immigrants; works in the Tamil industry
* [[Justin McCarthy (dancer)|Justin McCarthy]], American-born Indian [[Bharatnatyam]] dancer, instructor and choreographer
* [[Nandini Nimbkar]], president of the [[Nimbkar Agricultural Research Institute]] (NARI)
* [[Alexx O'Nell]], actor and singer
* [[Joseph Allen Stein]], American architect
* [[Samuel Evans Stokes]], later [[Satyananda Stokes]], came to India in 1904 to work at a leper colony in the Simla Hills
* [[Romulus Whitaker]], herpetologist and wildlife conservationist, born in [[New York City]], became an Indian citizen in 1975
* [[Elihu Yale]], [[Governor of Madras Presidency]] (1684–85, 1687–92), founder of [[Yale University]]

==See also==
{{Portal|India|United States}}
*[[Indian American]]
{{-}}

==References==

===Notes===
{{reflist|3}}

===Sources===
*{{citation|last=Bhagat|first=G.|title=Americans in India, 1784–1860|publisher=New York University Press|year=1970|oclc=119335}}
**Reviewed by {{citation|doi=10.2307/1868817|title=Review: Americans in India, 1784–1860, G. Bhagat|first=Robert A.|last=Huttenback|date=April 1972|volume=77|journal=The American Historical Review|page=567|issue=2|publisher=American Historical Association|jstor=1868817|last2=Bhagat|first2=G.}}
*{{citation|journal=The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science|volume=368|issue=1|year=1966|pages=146–156|doi=10.1177/000271626636800114|title=Work Patterns of Americans in India|first=John|last=Useem|ref=CITEREFJ._Useem1966}}
*{{citation|journal=The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science|volume=368|issue=1|year=1966|pages=132–145|doi=10.1177/000271626636800113|title=The American Family in India|first=Ruth Hill|last=Useem|ref=CITEREFR._Useem1966}}
*{{citation|last=Vest|first=Eugene B.|date=October–December 1948|title=Native Words Learned by American Soldiers in India and Burma in World War II|journal=American Speech|volume=23|pages=223–231|issue=3/4|publisher=Duke University Press|doi=10.2307/486923|jstor=486923}}

==Further reading==
*Blood, Archer K. (2005). The cruel birth of Bangladesh: Memoirs of an American diplomat. Dhaka: University Press.
*{{citation|last=Heideman|first=Eugene P.|title=From Mission to Church: The Reformed Church in America Mission to India|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing|year=2001|isbn=978-0-8028-4900-7}}
*{{citation|journal=The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science|volume=368|issue=1|year=1966|pages=157–170|doi=10.1177/000271626636800115|title=Some Minor Pathologies in the American Presence in India|first=Richard D.|last=Lambert}}
*{{citation|title=American-Educated Indians and Americans in India: A Comparison of Two Modernizing Roles|first=John|last=Useem|first2=Ruth Hill|last2=Useem|journal=Journal of Social Issues|volume=24|issue=4|year=1968|doi=10.1111/j.1540-4560.1968.tb02319.x }}
*{{citation|url=http://chronicle.com/article/What-I-Did-When-I-Couldnt/66281/|last=Hudson|first=Dana Andrew|journal=Chronicle of Higher Education|date=2010-07-18|access-date=2010-07-27|title=What I Did When I Couldn't Find a Job}}; a personal account from an unemployed American who moved to [[Sikkim]] to work as a newspaper editor

==External links==
*[http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=1357180n Young Americans in India], a video report from [[CBS News]]

{{Americans abroad}}
{{Immigration to India}}

[[Category:American diaspora in Asia|India]]
[[Category:American expatriates in India| ]]
[[Category:Immigration to India|Americans]]
[[Category:American emigrants to India| ]]
[[Category:Indian people of American descent| ]]
[[Category:American emigration]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:21, 6 July 2021
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	}}		}}

	'''Americans in India''' comprise expatriates and immigrants from the [[United States]] living in [[India]], along with [[India]]n citizens of [[Americans\|American]] descent. They have a history stretching back to the late 18th century.<ref>{{harvnb\|Bhagat\|1970}}</ref>		'''Americans in India''' comprise expatriates and immigrants from the [[United States]] living in [[India]], along with [[India]]n citizens of [[Americans\|American]] descent. They have a history stretching back to the late [[18th century]].<ref>{{harvnb\|Bhagat\|1970}}</ref>

	==History==		==History==
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	According to a White House press release on June 26, 2017, over 700,000 U.S. citizens reside in India.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Fact Sheet: The United States and India — Prosperity Through Partnership\|url=https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2017/06/26/fact-sheet-united-states-and-india-prosperity-through-partnership\|access-date=28 June 2017\|language=en\|via=[[NARA\|National Archives]]\|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]\|date=26 June 2017}}</ref>		According to a White House press release on June 26, 2017, over 700,000 U.S. citizens reside in India.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Fact Sheet: The United States and India — Prosperity Through Partnership\|url=https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2017/06/26/fact-sheet-united-states-and-india-prosperity-through-partnership\|access-date=28 June 2017\|language=en\|via=[[NARA\|National Archives]]\|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]\|date=26 June 2017}}</ref>

	In 2002, one widely cited estimate stated that 60,000 Americans including African Americans lived in India. However, exact numbers were difficult to come by because many did not register with the embassy.<ref>{{citation\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/06/08/world/many-americans-unfazed-go-on-doing-business-in-india.html\|periodical=The New York Times\|title=Many Americans, Unfazed, Go On Doing Business in India\|~~first~~=Barry\|~~last~~=Bearak\|first2=Seth\|last2=Mydans\|date=2002-06-08\|access-date=2009-03-06}}</ref> Some media reports around the time of the [[2008 United States presidential election\|2008 U.S. presidential election]] stated that 10,000 Americans lived in India at the time.<ref>{{citation\|last=Guha\|first=Seema\|title=Obama fans have already called a party in Delhi\|periodical=DNA India\|date=2008-11-04\|access-date=2009-03-06\|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/report.asp?newsid=1203199}}</ref> However this conflicted with another figure given by the head of the U.S. consulate in Mumbai, who estimated that there were 9,000 living in Mumbai and its surroundings alone, representing almost 0,1% of its total population.<ref>{{citation\|title=How Americans in India vote for US polls?\|periodical=The Times of India\|date=2008-10-29\|access-date=2009-03-06\|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/903355.cms}}</ref>		In 2002, one widely cited estimate stated that 60,000 Americans including African Americans lived in India. However, exact numbers were difficult to come by because many did not register with the embassy.<ref>{{citation\|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/06/08/world/many-americans-unfazed-go-on-doing-business-in-india.html\|periodical=The New York Times\|title=Many Americans, Unfazed, Go On Doing Business in India\|first1=Barry\|last1=Bearak\|first2=Seth\|last2=Mydans\|date=2002-06-08\|access-date=2009-03-06}}</ref> Some media reports around the time of the [[2008 United States presidential election\|2008 U.S. presidential election]] stated that 10,000 Americans lived in India at the time.<ref>{{citation\|last=Guha\|first=Seema\|title=Obama fans have already called a party in Delhi\|periodical=DNA India\|date=2008-11-04\|access-date=2009-03-06\|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/report.asp?newsid=1203199}}</ref> However this conflicted with another figure given by the head of the U.S. consulate in Mumbai, who estimated that there were 9,000 living in Mumbai and its surroundings alone, representing almost 0,1% of its total population.<ref>{{citation\|title=How Americans in India vote for US polls?\|periodical=The Times of India\|date=2008-10-29\|access-date=2009-03-06\|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/903355.cms}}</ref>

	==In fiction==		==In fiction==
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	===Sources===		===Sources===
	*{{citation\|last=Bhagat\|first=G.\|title=Americans in India, 1784–1860\|publisher=New York University Press\|year=1970\|oclc=119335}}		*{{citation\|last=Bhagat\|first=G.\|title=Americans in India, 1784–1860\|publisher=New York University Press\|year=1970\|oclc=119335}}
	**Reviewed by {{citation\|doi=10.2307/1868817\|title=Review: Americans in India, 1784–1860, G. Bhagat\|~~first~~=Robert A.\|~~last~~=Huttenback\|date=April 1972\|volume=77\|journal=The American Historical Review\|page=567\|issue=2\|publisher=American Historical Association\|jstor=1868817\|last2=Bhagat\|first2=G.}}		**Reviewed by {{citation\|doi=10.2307/1868817\|title=Review: Americans in India, 1784–1860, G. Bhagat\|first1=Robert A.\|last1=Huttenback\|date=April 1972\|volume=77\|journal=The American Historical Review\|page=567\|issue=2\|publisher=American Historical Association\|jstor=1868817\|last2=Bhagat\|first2=G.}}
	*{{citation\|journal=The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science\|volume=368\|issue=1\|year=1966\|pages=146–156\|doi=10.1177/000271626636800114\|title=Work Patterns of Americans in India\|first=John\|last=Useem\|ref=CITEREFJ._Useem1966}}		*{{citation\|journal=The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science\|volume=368\|issue=1\|year=1966\|pages=146–156\|doi=10.1177/000271626636800114\|title=Work Patterns of Americans in India\|first=John\|last=Useem\|s2cid=146651358\|ref=CITEREFJ._Useem1966}}
	*{{citation\|journal=The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science\|volume=368\|issue=1\|year=1966\|pages=132–145\|doi=10.1177/000271626636800113\|title=The American Family in India\|first=Ruth Hill\|last=Useem\|ref=CITEREFR._Useem1966}}		*{{citation\|journal=The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science\|volume=368\|issue=1\|year=1966\|pages=132–145\|doi=10.1177/000271626636800113\|title=The American Family in India\|first=Ruth Hill\|last=Useem\|s2cid=145784887\|ref=CITEREFR._Useem1966}}
	*{{citation\|last=Vest\|first=Eugene B.\|date=October–December 1948\|title=Native Words Learned by American Soldiers in India and Burma in World War II\|journal=American Speech\|volume=23\|pages=223–231\|issue=3/4\|publisher=Duke University Press\|doi=10.2307/486923\|jstor=486923}}		*{{citation\|last=Vest\|first=Eugene B.\|date=October–December 1948\|title=Native Words Learned by American Soldiers in India and Burma in World War II\|journal=American Speech\|volume=23\|pages=223–231\|issue=3/4\|publisher=Duke University Press\|doi=10.2307/486923\|jstor=486923}}

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	*Blood, Archer K. (2005). The cruel birth of Bangladesh: Memoirs of an American diplomat. Dhaka: University Press.		*Blood, Archer K. (2005). The cruel birth of Bangladesh: Memoirs of an American diplomat. Dhaka: University Press.
	*{{citation\|last=Heideman\|first=Eugene P.\|title=From Mission to Church: The Reformed Church in America Mission to India\|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing\|year=2001\|isbn=978-0-8028-4900-7}}		*{{citation\|last=Heideman\|first=Eugene P.\|title=From Mission to Church: The Reformed Church in America Mission to India\|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing\|year=2001\|isbn=978-0-8028-4900-7}}
	*{{citation\|journal=The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science\|volume=368\|issue=1\|year=1966\|pages=157–170\|doi=10.1177/000271626636800115\|title=Some Minor Pathologies in the American Presence in India\|first=Richard D.\|last=Lambert}}		*{{citation\|journal=The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science\|volume=368\|issue=1\|year=1966\|pages=157–170\|doi=10.1177/000271626636800115\|title=Some Minor Pathologies in the American Presence in India\|first=Richard D.\|last=Lambert\|s2cid=145463917}}
	*{{citation\|title=American-Educated Indians and Americans in India: A Comparison of Two Modernizing Roles\|~~first~~=John\|~~last~~=Useem\|first2=Ruth Hill\|last2=Useem\|journal=Journal of Social Issues\|volume=24\|issue=4\|year=1968\|doi=10.1111/j.1540-4560.1968.tb02319.x }}		*{{citation\|title=American-Educated Indians and Americans in India: A Comparison of Two Modernizing Roles\|first1=John\|last1=Useem\|first2=Ruth Hill\|last2=Useem\|journal=Journal of Social Issues\|volume=24\|issue=4\|year=1968\|pages=143–158\|doi=10.1111/j.1540-4560.1968.tb02319.x }}
	*{{citation\|url=http://chronicle.com/article/What-I-Did-When-I-Couldnt/66281/\|last=Hudson\|first=Dana Andrew\|journal=Chronicle of Higher Education\|date=2010-07-18\|access-date=2010-07-27\|title=What I Did When I Couldn't Find a Job}}; a personal account from an unemployed American who moved to [[Sikkim]] to work as a newspaper editor		*{{citation\|url=http://chronicle.com/article/What-I-Did-When-I-Couldnt/66281/\|last=Hudson\|first=Dana Andrew\|journal=Chronicle of Higher Education\|date=2010-07-18\|access-date=2010-07-27\|title=What I Did When I Couldn't Find a Job}}; a personal account from an unemployed American who moved to [[Sikkim]] to work as a newspaper editor