Ambala - Revision history

Tiwari63: expanded layout additionally and added references

2026-03-21T18:49:58Z

expanded layout additionally and added references

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WikiDwarfBOT: Cleanup: Spelling fix. Source modification.

2023-07-22T00:00:36Z

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>Mealiyta: /* Hanging of Mahatma Gandhi's assassin Nathuram Godse */

2021-06-27T16:35:53Z

Hanging of Mahatma Gandhi's assassin Nathuram Godse

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:05, 27 June 2021
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	\| established_title = Established		\| established_title = Established
	\| established_date = 14th century CE		\| established_date = 14th century CE
	\| founder = ~~Bhawwni~~ Amba		\| founder = Amba Rajput
	\| named_for = Bhawani Amba (~~Goddess~~)		\| named_for = Amba Rajput, Bhawani Amba (Godess)
	\| governing_body =		\| governing_body =
	\| unit_pref = Metric		\| unit_pref = Metric
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	'''Ambala''' ({{IPAc-en\|ə\|m\|ˈ\|b\|ɑː\|l\|ə}}),		'''Ambala''' ({{IPAc-en\|ə\|m\|ˈ\|b\|ɑː\|l\|ə}}),
	is a city and a [[municipal corporation]] in [[Ambala district]] in the state of [[Haryana]], India, located on the border with the Indian state of [[Punjab (India)\|Punjab]] and in proximity to both states capital [[Chandigarh]]. Politically, Ambala has two sub-areas: [[Ambala Cantonment]] (also known as Ambala Cantt) and Ambala City, eight kilometres apart, therefore it is also known as "Twin City".~~{{Citation needed \|date=October 2013}}~~ It has a large [[Indian Army]] and [[Indian Air Force]] presence within its cantonment area.		is a city and a [[municipal corporation]] in [[Ambala district]] in the state of [[Haryana]], India, located on the border with the Indian state of [[Punjab (India)\|Punjab]] and in proximity to both states capital [[Chandigarh]]. Politically, Ambala has two sub-areas: [[Ambala Cantonment]] (also known as Ambala Cantt) and Ambala City, eight kilometres apart, therefore it is also known as "Twin City".It has a large [[Indian Army]] and [[Indian Air Force]] presence within its cantonment area.It is located 200 km (124 mi) to the north of [[New Delhi]], India's capital, and has been identified as a [[National Capital Region (India)#Counter magnets\|counter-magnet]] city for the [[National Capital Region (India)\|National Capital Region]] to develop as an alternative center of growth to Delhi.

	Ambala separates the Ganges river network from the Indus river network and is surrounded by two rivers – [[Ghaggar-Hakra River\|Ghaggar]] and Tangri – to the north and to the south. Due to its geographical location, the Ambala district plays an important role in local tourism, being located {{cvt\|47\|km}} south of Chandigarh, {{cvt\|50\|km}} north of [[Kurukshetra]], {{cvt\|148\|km}} southwest of [[Shimla]], {{cvt\|198\|km}} north of [[New Delhi]] and {{cvt\|260\|km}} southeast of [[Amritsar]].		Ambala separates the Ganges river network from the Indus river network and is surrounded by two rivers – [[Ghaggar-Hakra River\|Ghaggar]] and Tangri – to the north and to the south. Due to its geographical location, the Ambala district plays an important role in local tourism, being located {{cvt\|47\|km}} south of Chandigarh, {{cvt\|50\|km}} north of [[Kurukshetra]], {{cvt\|148\|km}} southwest of [[Shimla]], {{cvt\|198\|km}} north of [[New Delhi]] and {{cvt\|260\|km}} southeast of [[Amritsar]].
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	====Formation of Ambala district====		====Formation of Ambala district====
	Ambala was given the status of a district in 1847, formed by the merging of the jagir estates of hitherto independent chieftains whose territories had lapsed or had been confiscated by the British Indian Government. In its 160 years of existence as a district, Ambala has witnessed many changes in its boundaries. Previously, it extended across [[tehsils]] of Ambala, [[~~Saphera~~]], [[Jagadhri]], Pipli, Kharar, [[Ropar]] and [[Nalagarh]]. Kalka-cum-Kurari State, [[Pinjore]], [[Mani Majra]], [[Kasauli]] & [[Sanawar]] were also merged later into the district at different times.		Ambala was given the status of a district in 1847, formed by the merging of the jagir estates of hitherto independent chieftains whose territories had lapsed or had been confiscated by the British Indian Government. In its 160 years of existence as a district, Ambala has witnessed many changes in its boundaries. Previously, it extended across [[tehsils]] of Ambala, [[Chandigarh]], [[Jagadhri]], Pipli, Kharar, [[Ropar]] and [[Nalagarh]]. Kalka-cum-Kurari State, [[Pinjore]], [[Mani Majra]], [[Kasauli]] & [[Sanawar]] were also merged later into the district at different times.

	====1857 rebellion====		====1857 rebellion====
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	===Post-independence===		===Post-independence===
	====Hanging of ~~Mahatma Gandhi's assassin~~ Nathuram Godse====		====Hanging of Nathuram Godse====
	In November 1949, [[Mahatma Gandhi\|Mahatma Gandhi's]] assassin [[Nathuram Godse]] was hanged at Ambala Central Jail<ref>''The Times'' (London), page 3, 16 November 1949</ref> along with [[Narayan Apte]], a co-conspirator.		In November 1949, [[Mahatma Gandhi\|Mahatma Gandhi's]] assassin [[Nathuram Godse]] was hanged at Ambala Central Jail<ref>''The Times'' (London), page 3, 16 November 1949</ref> along with [[Narayan Apte]], a co-conspirator.
	Ambala Cantt is also mentioned in [[Kim (novel)]] by [[Rudyard Kipling]].		Ambala Cantt is also mentioned in [[Kim (novel)]] by [[Rudyard Kipling]].
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	*{{Commons category-inline}}		*{{Commons category-inline}}
	*{{Wikivoyage-inline}}		*{{Wikivoyage-inline}}
	*{{Britannica\|18810}}

	{{Ambala district topics}}		{{Ambala district topics}}

>Jusdafax: Reverted edits by 2405:201:4009:503C:C8D0:7ED5:681:32F9 (talk): not providing a reliable source (WP:CITE, WP:RS) (HG) (3.4.9)

2021-05-23T05:43:02Z

Reverted edits by 2405:201:4009:503C:C8D0:7ED5:681:32F9 (talk): not providing a reliable source (WP:CITE, WP:RS) (HG) (3.4.9)

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:13, 23 May 2021
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	{{Short description\|City in Haryana, India}}		{{Short description\|City in Haryana, India}}
	{{About\|the city in Haryana, India\|the film\|Aambala}}		{{About\|the city in Haryana, India\|the film\|Aambala}}
			{{more citations needed\|date = December 2011}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=December 2019}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=December 2019}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=January 2020}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=January 2020}}
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	\| image_alt =		\| image_alt =
	\| image_caption = Ambala Cantonment Railway Station		\| image_caption = Ambala Cantonment Railway Station
			\| image_ambala gate = ambala dwar.jpg
	\| nickname =		\| nickname =
	\| pushpin_map = India Haryana#India		\| pushpin_map = India Haryana#India
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	* [[Selja Kumari]]		* [[Selja Kumari]]
	* [[Kim Philby]]		* [[Kim Philby]]
			* [[Ash K. Prakash]]
	* [[Om Puri]]		* [[Om Puri]]
	* [[Saghar Siddiqui]]		* [[Saghar Siddiqui]]
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	*{{Britannica\|18810}}		*{{Britannica\|18810}}

			{{Ambala district topics}}
	{{Authority control}}		{{Authority control}}

Nghhrs at 07:44, 14 May 2021

2021-05-14T07:44:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:14, 14 May 2021
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	~~{{AFC submission/draft}}~~
	~~<!-- EDIT BELOW THIS LINE -->~~
	{{Short description\|City in Haryana, India}}		{{Short description\|City in Haryana, India}}
	{{About\|the city in Haryana, India\|the film\|Aambala}}		{{About\|the city in Haryana, India\|the film\|Aambala}}

WikiDwarf: WikiDwarf moved page Draft:Ambala to Ambala without leaving a redirect: Moving to the main namesapce

2021-05-14T07:15:20Z

WikiDwarf moved page Draft:Ambala to Ambala without leaving a redirect: Moving to the main namesapce

← Older revision	Revision as of 12:45, 14 May 2021
(No difference)

Nghhrs: Sr-Global Wikipedia

2021-05-14T07:06:07Z

Sr-Global Wikipedia

New page

{{AFC submission/draft}}

{{Short description|City in Haryana, India}}
{{About|the city in Haryana, India|the film|Aambala}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Ambala
| other_name =
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline = Ambala Cantonment Railway Station.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Ambala Cantonment Railway Station
| nickname =
| pushpin_map = India Haryana#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Haryana, India
| coordinates = {{coord|30.38|N|76.78|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Haryana]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Ambala district|Ambala]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date = 14th century CE
| founder = Bhawwni Amba
| named_for = Bhawani Amba (Goddess)
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = | area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 264
| population_total = 207,934 (UA)<ref name="2011 census" />
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages<ref name=nclmanurep2010>{{cite web |url = http://www.nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |title = Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 52nd report (July 2014 to June 2015) |pages = 24 |publisher = Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India |access-date = 4 February 2019 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161115133948/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf |archive-date = 15 November 2016 |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name="punjabiofficial">{{cite web |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/haryana-grants-second-language-status-to-punjabi/story-MTUeEQDE4fRCbEyPkAm63N.html |title=Haryana grants second language status to Punjabi |work=[[Hindustan Times]] |author=IANS |date=28 January 2010 |access-date=2 January 2019|author-link=Indo-Asian News Service }}</ref>
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = Hindi
| demographics1_title2 = Additional official
| demographics1_info2 = English, [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 1330xx,1340xx
| area_code = 0171
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|IN-HR]]
| registration_plate = HR 01 (city), HR 04 (Naraingarh), HR 54 (Barara), HR 85 (Ambala Cantonment), HR37 (commercial)
| website = {{URL|https://ambala.gov.in}}
| footnotes =
}}
[[File:Ambala-Kos_Minar.jpg|thumb|[[Kos Minar]] near Ambala along [[Grand Trunk Road]] in [[Haryana]]]]

'''Ambala''' ({{IPAc-en|ə|m|ˈ|b|ɑː|l|ə}}),
is a city and a [[municipal corporation]] in [[Ambala district]] in the state of [[Haryana]], India, located on the border with the Indian state of [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]] and in proximity to both states capital [[Chandigarh]]. Politically, Ambala has two sub-areas: [[Ambala Cantonment]] (also known as Ambala Cantt) and Ambala City, eight kilometres apart, therefore it is also known as "Twin City".{{Citation needed |date=October 2013}} It has a large [[Indian Army]] and [[Indian Air Force]] presence within its cantonment area.

Ambala separates the Ganges river network from the Indus river network and is surrounded by two rivers – [[Ghaggar-Hakra River|Ghaggar]] and Tangri – to the north and to the south. Due to its geographical location, the Ambala district plays an important role in local tourism, being located {{cvt|47|km}} south of Chandigarh, {{cvt|50|km}} north of [[Kurukshetra]], {{cvt|148|km}} southwest of [[Shimla]], {{cvt|198|km}} north of [[New Delhi]] and {{cvt|260|km}} southeast of [[Amritsar]].

==History==
===Etymology===
The town is said to derive its name from Amba Rajput who supposedly founded it during the 14th century CE. According to another version, it is named after the goddess "Bhawani Amba" whose Temple still exists in Ambala city. The third version mentions that the name is a corruption of ''Amba Wala'' meaning ''the mango-village'', from mango groves which existed in its immediate neighbourhood.<ref name=hargazc1>[http://revenueharyana.gov.in/Portals/0/hr-gaz-ch-5.pdf Haryana Gazateer], Revenue Dept of Haryana, Capter-V.</ref><ref name="google">{{cite book|title=Tourism Management|author1=Bajwa, J.S.|author2=Kaur, R.|year=2007|publisher=APH Publishing Corporation|isbn=9788131300473|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TVXCiwdwPxsC}}</ref>

===Classical era===
Archaeological Surveyor C.J Rodgers found [[Indo-Parthian Kingdom]] coins as well as coins of [[Huna people|Hunas]], [[Mihirakula]] and [[Toramana]] which indicated that after the disintegration of the [[Mauryan empire]], the area was taken over by Indo-Parthians and later was incorporated in the domain of the Hunas.<ref name=hargazc1/>

===Late medieval era===
In 1709, Battle of Ambala was fought and Sikhs captured Ambala from [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Sagoo|first=Harbans|title=Banda Singh Bahadur and Sikh Sovereignty|year=2001|publisher=Deep & Deep Publications|url=https://archive.org/stream/BandaSinghBahadurAndSikhSovereignty/BandaSinghBahadurAndSikhSovereignty_djvu.txt}}</ref>

===British colonial era===
====The Ambala Cantonment====
[[File:GTRoad Ambala.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Grand Trunk Road]], at Ambala Cantonment, during the [[British Raj]]]]

=====Ambala Army Base =====
[[Ambala Cantonment|Ambala Army Cantonment]] was established in 1843 after the British were forced to leave its Karnal Cantonment following the malaria epidemic of 1841–42 in as there were not any known effective means to control malaria epidemic in those days. The cantonment houses the '2 Corps', one of the three Strike Corps of the [[Indian Army]].

=====Ambala Air Force Base=====
[[Ambala Air Force Base]] is one of the oldest and largest airbases that were inherited from the British by the [[Indian Air Force|IAF]]. It was from this airbase that [[Supermarine Spitfire|Spitfires]] and [[T-6 Texan|Harvards]] flown by Instructors of the Advanced Flying Training School took part in the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948]]. Subsequently, Ambala was the front line airfield for many years. It was home to various aircraft that were inducted into the [[Indian Air Force]]. [[de Havilland Vampire|Vampires]], [[Dassault Ouragan|Ouragans]], [[Hawker Hunter|Hunters]], etc. all flew from this base. The airbase was briefly attacked in 1965 by [[B-57 Canberra|B-57 bombers]] of the [[Pakistan Air Force]]. Today, the Airbase houses the '7 Wing' with squadrons of [[SEPECAT Jaguar|Jaguars]] and [[MiG-21]] Bisons. A unit of the French-made [[Dassault Rafale]] will also be based at Ambala airbase.<ref>{{cite news |last1=ANI |title=Indian Air Force To Deploy Rafale Jets in Ambala, Hashimara |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/indian-air-force-to-deploy-rafale-jets-in-ambala-hashimara-1972607 |access-date=10 March 2019 |work=[[NDTV]] |date=4 January 2019}}</ref>

=====European Cemetery=====
[[Ambala Cantonment]] is the location of historic [[European Cemetery]].

====Formation of Ambala district====
Ambala was given the status of a district in 1847, formed by the merging of the jagir estates of hitherto independent chieftains whose territories had lapsed or had been confiscated by the British Indian Government. In its 160 years of existence as a district, Ambala has witnessed many changes in its boundaries. Previously, it extended across [[tehsils]] of Ambala, [[Saphera]], [[Jagadhri]], Pipli, Kharar, [[Ropar]] and [[Nalagarh]]. Kalka-cum-Kurari State, [[Pinjore]], [[Mani Majra]], [[Kasauli]] & [[Sanawar]] were also merged later into the district at different times.

====1857 rebellion====
{{See also | History_of_Haryana#Colonial_period | Ballabhgarh#History | Farrukhnagar#Under_British_Raj | Nahar Singh | Rao Tula Ram | label 1 = Haryana in 1857| label 2 = Ballabhgarh history | label 3 = Farrukhnagar history | label 4 = Nahar Singh | label 5 = Rao Tula Ram }}
For their participation in [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|first war of independence]], the [[Chaudhary]]s and [[Lambardar]]s of villages who participated in rebellion were also deprived of their land and property, including 368 people of [[Hisar district|Hisar]] and [[Gurugram district|Gurugram]] were hanged or transported for life, and fine was imposed on the people of [[Thanesar]] (Rs 235,000), Ambala (Rs. 253,541) and [[Rohtak]] (Rs. 63,000 mostly on [[Ranghar]]s, [[Punjabi Shaikh|Shaikh]]s and [[Qassab|Muslim Kasai]]).<ref name=balidan1>Satish Chandra Mittal, 1986, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2RKTigrrP1cC Haryana, a Historical Perspective], p58.</ref>

===Post-independence===
====Hanging of Mahatma Gandhi's assassin Nathuram Godse====
In November 1949, [[Mahatma Gandhi|Mahatma Gandhi's]] assassin [[Nathuram Godse]] was hanged at Ambala Central Jail<ref>''The Times'' (London), page 3, 16 November 1949</ref> along with [[Narayan Apte]], a co-conspirator.
Ambala Cantt is also mentioned in [[Kim (novel)]] by [[Rudyard Kipling]].

==Geography==
===Climate===
{{Weather box
| location = Ambala (1981–2010, extremes 1901–2012)
| metric first = Y
| single line = Y
| Jan record high C = 29.1
| Feb record high C = 33.9
| Mar record high C = 41.7
| Apr record high C = 45.0
| May record high C = 47.8
| Jun record high C = 47.8
| Jul record high C = 46.7
| Aug record high C = 43.9
| Sep record high C = 40.6
| Oct record high C = 39.4
| Nov record high C = 35.6
| Dec record high C = 29.4
| year record high C = 47.8
| Jan high C = 18.9
| Feb high C = 22.4
| Mar high C = 27.8
| Apr high C = 34.9
| May high C = 38.1
| Jun high C = 38.1
| Jul high C = 34.4
| Aug high C = 33.3
| Sep high C = 33.1
| Oct high C = 31.7
| Nov high C = 27.1
| Dec high C = 21.7
| year high C = 30.1
| Jan low C = 6.4
| Feb low C = 9.1
| Mar low C = 13.8
| Apr low C = 19.1
| May low C = 23.4
| Jun low C = 25.4
| Jul low C = 25.5
| Aug low C = 25.0
| Sep low C = 23.0
| Oct low C = 17.1
| Nov low C = 11.1
| Dec low C = 7.1
| year low C = 17.2
| Jan record low C = -1.3
| Feb record low C = -0.6
| Mar record low C = 3.7
| Apr record low C = 9.4
| May record low C = 13.9
| Jun record low C = 17.8
| Jul record low C = 19.4
| Aug record low C = 20.0
| Sep record low C = 15.6
| Oct record low C = 8.3
| Nov record low C = 1.8
| Dec record low C = -0.6
| year record low C = -1.3
| rain colour = green
| Jan rain mm = 27.3
| Feb rain mm = 35.1
| Mar rain mm = 27.2
| Apr rain mm = 12.3
| May rain mm = 31.5
| Jun rain mm = 86.6
| Jul rain mm = 264.7
| Aug rain mm = 239.2
| Sep rain mm = 134.8
| Oct rain mm = 15.1
| Nov rain mm = 4.5
| Dec rain mm = 19.7
| year rain mm = 898.2
| Jan rain days = 1.9
| Feb rain days = 2.2
| Mar rain days = 1.8
| Apr rain days = 1.2
| May rain days = 2.7
| Jun rain days = 4.5
| Jul rain days = 9.1
| Aug rain days = 9.0
| Sep rain days = 4.8
| Oct rain days = 0.8
| Nov rain days = 0.6
| Dec rain days = 1.0
| year rain days = 39.6
|time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| Jan humidity = 63
| Feb humidity = 54
| Mar humidity = 45
| Apr humidity = 28
| May humidity = 31
| Jun humidity = 42
| Jul humidity = 67
| Aug humidity = 72
| Sep humidity = 64
| Oct humidity = 51
| Nov humidity = 53
| Dec humidity = 60
|year humidity = 52
|source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref name=IMDnormals>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| title = Station: Ambala Climatological Table 1981–2010
| work = Climatological Normals 1981–2010
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = January 2015
| pages = 35–36
| access-date = 1 March 2020}}</ref><ref name=IMDextremes>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| title = Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = December 2016
| page = M63
| access-date = 1 March 2020}}</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{bar box|width = 300px
|barwidth = 250px |cellpadding="0"
|title=Religion in Ambala<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/31-ambala.html|title=Ambala City Population Census 2011 – Haryana|website=www.census2011.co.in}}</ref>
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|orange|81.94}}
{{bar percent|[[Sikhism]]|yellow|14.59}}
{{bar percent|[[Jainism]]|pink|1.44}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|1.25}}
{{bar percent|Others|black|0.78}}}}

{{As of|2011}} India census, Ambala UA had a population of 207,934 consisting of 112,840 males and 95,094 females, a ratio of 843. there were 20,687 children 0–6 and Ambala had an average literacy rate of 89.31%, with 91.76% of males and 86.41% of females literate.<ref name="2011 census">{{cite web|title=Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/India2/Table_3_PR_UA_Citiees_1Lakh_and_Above.pdf|publisher=Census India|access-date=29 December 2015|ref=2011 census}}</ref>

==Economy==
===Cloth Market===
The Cloth Market is considered to be the largest textile market in the region. It is located in sector 7, the central part of the city of Ambala. The market is known for catering to wedding related shopping. The most commonly bought items are [[saree]]s and [[silk]] clothing.<ref>{{cite web |title=About Cloth Market |url=https://www.yatra.com/india-tourism/shopping-in-ambala/cloth-market |website=[[Yatra.com]] |access-date=22 June 2019}}</ref>{{better source needed|date=June 2019}}

==Transport==
Ambala is connected to all of the other major cities of [[north India]]. It is a big interchange for various commuters for all neighbouring states.{{Citation needed |date=October 2013}} The Ambala Cantt bus stand witnesses roughly 50,000 commuters daily.{{citation needed|date = December 2011}}

National Highway [[National Highway 44 (India)|NH 44]] popularly known as [[GT road]] earlier known as NH 1 passes through Ambala and connects it to National capital Delhi, Panipat, Ludhiana and Amritsar. [[National Highway 152 (India)|NH 152]] connects it to state capital Chandigarh, Kaithal.
Apart from the Interstate service, Ambala also houses one of the oldest local bus services in Haryana, which is run by both Haryana roadways and private companies. Other means of local transportation include [[auto rickshaw]]s and [[cycle rickshaw]]s.

===Roadways===
Bus service is the major means of public transport in this district. Ambala depot came into being on 1 August 1950. The office of the General Manager has situated on the premises of the depot workshop at Ambala City. Ambala depot has a sub depot at Naraingarh.

Presently, [[Haryana Roadways]], Ambala has 209 buses, which carry about 34.88 Lac's passengers daily and cover a distance of about 19.79 Lacs Km daily. Out of these, total distance covered on interstate routes is {{cvt|24,711|km}} and {{cvt|41.469|km}} are operated within [[Haryana]] every day. The total staff of the depot (including that of sub depot Naraingarh) is 1085.

New Bus Stand at Ambala Cantt was inaugurated on 12 July 1999 and the total land of bus stand is {{cvt|6.7|acre}}. Bus stands in this district exist at Ambala City, Naraingarh and Barara as well. A sub-depot-level workshop has also been provided at Naraingarh. 'Yatri Niwas' exists on the campus of Ambala Cantt. bus stand for the convenience of the commuters who wish to stay for the night.

Besides, the Haryana Roadways buses, the government has issued permits to private operators on local routes. Presently 51 such buses are plying in Ambala district.
The bus stand is very near to Ambala Cantt Jn. (Railway station). Most of the buses plying on GT road (NH1) stop in front of the Railway station.

===Railways===
Ambala is a divisional headquarters of the Northern Railway Zone and is an important railway junction. Ambala Cantt station is among the top 100 booking stations in India. The city is served by three railway stations:
* [[Ambala Cantonment railway station|Ambala Cantt]] [UMB] (Junction on [[Delhi-Kalka line]] and [[Moradabad-Ambala line]]/[[Ambala-Attari line]])
* [[Ambala City railway station|Ambala City]] [UBC] (On [[Ambala-Attari line]])
* Dhulkot [DKT] (on [[Delhi-Kalka line]])

The Ambala Cantonment railway station was founded on the junction of the Delhi-Kalka and [[Ludhiana]]-[[Saharanpur]] lines. The historic Delhi-Panipat-Ambala-Kalka railway line dates back to 1889 while the Ludhiana-Saharanpur line was built in 1870. Situated {{cvt|200|km}} north of Delhi, this town is well connected by the rail and road network.{{Citation needed |date=October 2013}}

Ambala cantt railway station is main station of the city and is well connected with major cities of India.
[[Kalka-Shimla Railway]], which is a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site|World Heritage site]], also comes under Ambala division.

[[Ambala Cantonment railway station]] serves maximum [[Shatabdi Express]] after [[New Delhi railway station|New Delhi]].
Ambala railway station was mentioned in the famous story '[[The Woman on Platform 8]]' by [[Ruskin Bond]], although in reality there is no platform 8 in Ambala Cantt.

==Education==
Ambala has a large number of schools and colleges. Notable colleges include:-

* [[Convent of Jesus and Mary, Ambala]]
* [[E-Max School of Engineering and Applied Research]]
* [[Government Polytechnic College, Ambala]]
* [[Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana]]
* [[Sanatan Dharma College]] (S.D. College)
* [[Shri Atmanand Jain Institute of Management and Technology]]
* [[Philadelphia Hospital & School of Nursing, Ambala]]


==Notable people==
[[File:BJP Party leader Sushma Swaraj2.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Sushma Swaraj]]]]


* [[Zohrabai Ambalewali]]
* [[Hansraj Behl]]
* [[Urvashi Butalia]]
* [[Simi Chahal]]
* [[Juhi Chawla]]
* [[Parineeti Chopra]]
* [[Swadesh Deepak]]
* [[Navneet Kaur Dhillon]]
* [[Manpreet Kaur]]
* [[Nasir Kazmi]]
* [[Sucheta Kripalani]]
* [[Shalabh Kumar]]
* [[Selja Kumari]]
* [[Kim Philby]]
* [[Om Puri]]
* [[Saghar Siddiqui]]
* [[Sanjiv Sam Gambhir]]
* [[Sushma Swaraj]]
* [[Zeba]]



==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline}}
*{{Wikivoyage-inline}}
*{{Britannica|18810}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Ambala| ]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Ambala district]]
[[Category:Ambala district]]
[[Category:Haryana]]