Alla Rakha - Revision history

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	{{short description\|Indian tabla player}}		{{short description\|Indian tabla player}}
	{{~~for\|the 1986 Hindi film~~\|Allah Rakha (~~film~~)}}		{{other uses\|Allah Rakha (disambiguation)}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2014}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2014}}
	{{EngvarB\|date=October 2013}}		{{EngvarB\|date=October 2013}}
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	==External links==		==External links==
	* ~~{{Commonscatinline}}~~		*
	*{{AllMusic\|class=artist\|id=p172410\|label=Alla Rakha}}		*{{AllMusic\|class=artist\|id=p172410\|label=Alla Rakha}}

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	[[Category:Tabla gharanas]]		[[Category:Tabla gharanas]]
	[[Category:Hindustani instrumentalists]]		[[Category:Hindustani instrumentalists]]
	[[Category:Indian Muslims]]		[[Category:20th-century Indian Muslims]]
	[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts]]		[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts]]
	[[Category:Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]]		[[Category:Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]]
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	[[Category:Musicians from Jammu and Kashmir]]		[[Category:Musicians from Jammu and Kashmir]]
	[[Category:People from Jammu district]]		[[Category:People from Jammu district]]
	[[Category:~~Punjabi~~ people]]		[[Category:Dogra people]]
	[[Category:All India Radio people]]		[[Category:All India Radio people]]
	[[Category:Indian male classical musicians]]		[[Category:Indian male classical musicians]]
	[[Category:20th-century Indian male singers]]		[[Category:20th-century Indian male singers]]
			[[Category:20th-century Indian singers]]
	[[Category:20th-century drummers]]		[[Category:20th-century drummers]]

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	\| website = {{url\|http://www.allarakhafoundation.org/}}		\| website = {{url\|http://www.allarakhafoundation.org/}}
	}}		}}
	[[Ustad]]''' ~~Allarakha~~ Qureshi''' (29 April 1919 – 3 February 2000), popularly known as '''Alla Rakha''', was an Indian [[tabla]] player who specialized in [[Hindustani classical music]]. He was a frequent accompanist of sitar player Pandit [[Ravi Shankar]] and was largely responsible for introducing [[Tabla]] to the western audience.		[[Ustad]]''' Alla Rakha Qureshi''' (29 April 1919 – 3 February 2000), popularly known as '''Alla Rakha''', was an Indian [[tabla]] player who specialized in [[Hindustani classical music]]. He was a frequent accompanist of sitar player Pandit [[Ravi Shankar]] and was largely responsible for introducing [[Tabla]] to the western audience.

	==Personal life and education==		==Personal life and education==
	Ustad Allarakha Khan Qureshi (29 April 1919 – 3 February 2000) was born in Ghagwal Village (in today’s district [[Samba district\|Samba]]) [[Jammu]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)\|Jammu and Kashmir]]. His mother tongue was [[Dogri]] and his family were [[Muslim Dogra]]s, although most of the Dogra clan around them were Hindus.<ref name="ar"/> Growing up on a farm, Ustad Allarakha was always in awe of music, praising the traveling musicians he would occasionally have the opportunity to witness. His father, at that time, looked down upon singing or learning to play a musical instrument as a profession for his boy, due to family's origins as [[Dogras]] of Jammu.<ref name="ar"/><ref name=NYT/>		Ustad Allarakha Khan Qureshi (29 April 1919 – 3 February 2000) was born in Ghagwal Village (in today’s district [[Samba district\|Samba]]) [[Jammu]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)\|Jammu and Kashmir]]. His mother tongue was [[Dogri]] and his family were [[Muslim Dogra]]s, although most of the Dogra clan around them were Hindus.<ref name="ar"/> Growing up on a farm, Ustad Allarakha was always in awe of music, praising the traveling musicians he would occasionally have the opportunity to witness. His father, at that time, looked down upon singing or learning to play a musical instrument as a profession for his boy, due to family's origins as [[Dogras]] of Jammu.<ref name="ar"/><ref name=NYT/>

	At the age of 12, Ustad Alla Rakha ran away from home to stay with his uncle in the nearby [[Gurdaspur]] city to pursue his passion for music.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X2dE8RM-ysQ&list=FL9PcXrT5iTyDSreYOQ5962Q&index=1 Alla Rakha's performance on tabla on YouTube] Retrirved 18 October 2020</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|date=2014-04-30\|title=Lesser known facts about Ustad Allah Rakha\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/photo-features/lesser-known-facts-about-ustad-allah-rakha/photostory/34414234.cms\|access-date=2021-02-02\|website=The Times of India\|language=en}}</ref> Finding little chances for grooming and appreciation, the determined young lad ran away from home, began his training in tabla with Mian Kader Baksh of the [[Punjab gharana]] of tabla players. Mian Kadir Bakhsh, who had no sons, formally adopted Alla Rakha and called him the next head of the [[Punjab gharana]] of tabla players.<ref name="ar" /><ref name="~~NYT~~" /><ref name="GoogleDoodle" />		At the age of 12, Ustad Alla Rakha ran away from home to stay with his uncle in the nearby [[Gurdaspur]] city to pursue his passion for music.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X2dE8RM-ysQ&list=FL9PcXrT5iTyDSreYOQ5962Q&index=1 Alla Rakha's performance on tabla on YouTube] Retrirved 18 October 2020</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|date=2014-04-30\|title=Lesser known facts about Ustad Allah Rakha\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/photo-features/lesser-known-facts-about-ustad-allah-rakha/photostory/34414234.cms\|access-date=2021-02-02\|website=The Times of India\|language=en}}</ref> Finding little chances for grooming and appreciation, the determined young lad ran away from home, began his training in tabla with Mian Kader Baksh of the [[Punjab gharana]] of tabla players. Mian Kadir Bakhsh, who had no sons, formally adopted Alla Rakha and called him the next head of the [[Punjab gharana]] of tabla players.<ref name="NYT" /><ref name="ar" /><ref name="GoogleDoodle" />

	He also took vocal training in classical music and ''[[Indian musical scale\|Raag Vidya]]'' under Ustad Ashiq Ali Khan of the [[Patiala gharana]]. His regimen of practice and dedication were legendary: hours upon hours of hard, disciplined practice, that would later pay off. In 1943, he started working for Bombay film industry, also known as [[Bollywood]] these days, and composed music for nearly two dozen films of Hindi and Punjabi languages.<ref name="NYT" />		He also took vocal training in classical music and ''[[Indian musical scale\|Raag Vidya]]'' under Ustad Ashiq Ali Khan of the [[Patiala gharana]]. His regimen of practice and dedication were legendary: hours upon hours of hard, disciplined practice, that would later pay off. In 1943, he started working for Bombay film industry, also known as [[Bollywood]] these days, and composed music for nearly two dozen films of Hindi and Punjabi languages.<ref name="NYT" />

	He was married to his cousin Bavi Begum and their marriage produced three sons, [[Zakir Hussain (musician)\|Zakir Hussain]], [[Fazal Qureshi]] and [[Taufiq Qureshi]]; two daughters, Khurshid Aulia née Qureshi and Razia; and nine grandchildren. They all survived him except Razia; it was the news of her death the day before that is thought to have caused his fatal heart attack.<ref name="ar">{{cite news\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2000/feb/05/guardianobituaries1\|title=Alla Rakha obituary (with Ravi Shankar, he took Indian music to the world)\|author=Reginald Massey\|date=4 February 2000\|newspaper=The Guardian (newspaper)\|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3494700060.html\|title=Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha - Dictionary definition of Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha - Encyclopedia.com: FREE online dictionary\|website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref>		He was married to his cousin Bavi Begum and their marriage produced three sons, [[Zakir Hussain (musician)\|Zakir Hussain]], [[Fazal Qureshi]] and [[Taufiq Qureshi]]; two daughters, Khurshid Aulia née Qureshi and Razia; and nine grandchildren. They all survived him except Razia; it was the news of her death the day before that is thought to have caused his fatal heart attack.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3494700060.html\|title=Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha - Dictionary definition of Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha - Encyclopedia.com: FREE online dictionary\|website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref><ref name="ar">{{cite news\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2000/feb/05/guardianobituaries1\|title=Alla Rakha obituary (with Ravi Shankar, he took Indian music to the world)\|author=Reginald Massey\|date=4 February 2000\|newspaper=The Guardian (newspaper)\|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref>

	Allah Rakha had a third daughter named [[Roohi Bano]] who was born in [[Pakistan]] and achieved a "legendary" status in television and film acting.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite news\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Roohi-Bano-lives-a-life-of-recluse-wreck-Lahore/articleshow/21327410.cms\|title=Roohi Bano lives a life of recluse wreck Lahore - Times of India\|newspaper=The Times of India\|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/pakistan/story/ustad-alla-rakhas-daughter-is-broken-and-alone-in-pakistan-171585-2013-07-25\|title=Ustad Alla Rakha's daughter Roohi Bano is broken and alone in Pakistan\|~~first1=P. T. I.\|last1=LahoreJuly 25\|first2=2013UPDATED\|last2~~=July 25~~\|first3=~~2013 ~~19:39\|last3=Ist~~\|website=India Today\|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref>		Allah Rakha had a third daughter named [[Roohi Bano]] who was born in [[Pakistan]] and achieved a "legendary" status in television and film acting.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite news\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Roohi-Bano-lives-a-life-of-recluse-wreck-Lahore/articleshow/21327410.cms\|title=Roohi Bano lives a life of recluse wreck Lahore - Times of India\|newspaper=The Times of India\|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/pakistan/story/ustad-alla-rakhas-daughter-is-broken-and-alone-in-pakistan-171585-2013-07-25\|title=Ustad Alla Rakha's daughter Roohi Bano is broken and alone in Pakistan\|date=July 25, 2013\|website=India Today\|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref>

	==Career==		==Career==
	Ustad Allarakha Qureshi began his career as an accompanist in [[Lahore]] and then as an [[All India Radio]], [[Delhi]] staffer in 1936 but later moved to [[Bombay]] in 1940, playing the station's first ever tabla solo and elevating the instrument's position in the process. Soon after, he ~~composed~~ music ~~for a few~~ [[Hindi]] films ~~in the 1940s and the early 1950s~~ under the name A. R. Qureshi.<ref name=NYT/>		Ustad Allarakha Qureshi began his career as an accompanist in [[Lahore]] and then as an [[All India Radio]], [[Delhi]] staffer in 1936 but later moved to [[Bombay]] in 1940, playing the station's first ever tabla solo and elevating the instrument's position in the process. Soon after, he also started composing music [[Hindi]] films under the name A. R. Qureshi. He composed for a total of 23 films between 1943 and 1964.<ref name=NYT/>

	[[File:Ravi Shankar flier back.jpg\|thumb\|190px\|right\|Flyer for an October 1967 concert by Shankar and Rakha (left), held four months after their performance at the [[Monterey Pop Festival]]]]		[[File:Ravi Shankar flier back.jpg\|thumb\|190px\|right\|Flyer for an October 1967 concert by Shankar and Rakha (left), held four months after their performance at the [[Monterey Pop Festival]]]]
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	==Awards and recognition==		==Awards and recognition==
	Alla Rakha was awarded the [[Padma Shri]] in 1977<ref>{{cite web\|title=Padma Awards list (1954 - 2013) (scroll down to find 1977 for Alla Rakha's award)\|publisher=Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India)\|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf\| archive-date=15 October 2015\|url-status=dead\|date=2 September 2014}}</ref> and the [[Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]] in 1982.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Sangeet Natak Akademi Awards – Hindustani Music – Instrumental \|publisher=Sangeet Natak Academy website\|url=http://www.sangeetnatak.com/programmes_recognition&honours_music_hindustani_instrumenta.html \|access-date=18 October 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090519200834/http://www.sangeetnatak.com/programmes_recognition%26honours_music_hindustani_instrumenta.html \|date=16 August 2007\|archive-date=19 May 2009 \|url-status=dead \|df=dmy }}</ref> He was also featured on 29 April 2014, on the occasion of his 95th birthday~~, in a [[Google Doodle\|Google doodle]]~~.<ref name=GoogleDoodle>{{cite web \|title=Google doodle marks Ustad Alla Rakha's 95th birthday \| website=NDTV Gadgets 360 ~~websit~~\| date=29 April 2014 \|url=https://gadgets.ndtv.com/others/news/ustad-alla-rakhas-95th-birth-anniversary-commemorated-by-google-doodle-515504 \|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref>		Alla Rakha was awarded the [[Padma Shri]] in 1977<ref>{{cite web\|title=Padma Awards list (1954 - 2013) (scroll down to find 1977 for Alla Rakha's award)\|publisher=Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India)\|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf\|access-date=18 October 2020\|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf\| archive-date=15 October 2015\|url-status=dead\|date=2 September 2014}}</ref> and the [[Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]] in 1982.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Sangeet Natak Akademi Awards – Hindustani Music – Instrumental \|publisher=Sangeet Natak Academy website\|url=http://www.sangeetnatak.com/programmes_recognition&honours_music_hindustani_instrumenta.html \|access-date=18 October 2020 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090519200834/http://www.sangeetnatak.com/programmes_recognition%26honours_music_hindustani_instrumenta.html \|date=16 August 2007\|archive-date=19 May 2009 \|url-status=dead \|df=dmy }}</ref> He was also featured in a [[Google Doodle\|Google doodle]] on 29 April 2014, on the occasion of his 95th birthday.<ref name=GoogleDoodle>{{cite web \|title=Google doodle marks Ustad Alla Rakha's 95th birthday \| website=NDTV Gadgets 360 \| date=29 April 2014 \|url=https://gadgets.ndtv.com/others/news/ustad-alla-rakhas-95th-birth-anniversary-commemorated-by-google-doodle-515504 \|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref>

	==Death and legacy==		==Death and legacy==
	Ustad Allarakha Qureshi died on 3 February 2000 at his ''Simla House'' residence on [[Nepean Sea Road]] following a heart attack, which he suffered on learning of the death of his daughter, Razia, the previous evening during cataract surgery.~~<ref name="ar"/>~~<ref name=NYT>{{cite news\|title=Ustad Alla Rakha, 80, Master Of Hindustani Classical Music \|author=Jon Pareles\|newspaper=The New York Times\|date=6 February 2000\| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/02/06/nyregion/ustad-alla-rakha-80-master-of-hindustani-classical-music.html\|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref>		Ustad Allarakha Qureshi died on 3 February 2000 at his ''Simla House'' residence on [[Nepean Sea Road]] following a heart attack, which he suffered on learning of the death of his daughter, Razia, the previous evening during cataract surgery.<ref name=NYT>{{cite news\|title=Ustad Alla Rakha, 80, Master Of Hindustani Classical Music \|author=Jon Pareles\|newspaper=The New York Times\|date=6 February 2000\| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/02/06/nyregion/ustad-alla-rakha-80-master-of-hindustani-classical-music.html\|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref><ref name="ar"/>

	In his obituary, [[The New York Times]] called him "the most important tabla drummer of his generation". The newspaper further stated that Alla Rakha was given the title Ustad or master musician and teacher of the art of tabla playing. Alla Rakha... "used his skill to invigorate every musician who shared the stage with him."<ref name=NYT/>		In his obituary, [[The New York Times]] called him "the most important tabla drummer of his generation". The newspaper further stated that Alla Rakha was given the title Ustad or master musician and teacher of the art of tabla playing. Alla Rakha... "used his skill to invigorate every musician who shared the stage with him."<ref name=NYT/>
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	The Then-[[Prime Minister of India]] [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] also issued a formal statement regretting the loss in his death.<ref name="NYT" />		The Then-[[Prime Minister of India]] [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] also issued a formal statement regretting the loss in his death.<ref name="NYT" />

	==See also==		==See also==<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦--->
			*[[Zakir Hussain (musician)\|Zakir Hussain]]
			*[[Kishan Maharaj]]
	*[[Anokhelal Mishra]]		*[[Anokhelal Mishra]]
	*[[Kishan Maharaj]]
	*[[Samta Prasad]]		*[[Samta Prasad]]
	*[[Zakir Hussain (musician)\|Zakir Hussain]]
	*[[Yogesh Samsi]]		*[[Yogesh Samsi]]
			*[[Peter Szalai]]

	==References==		==References==
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	==External links==		==External links==
	{{~~Commons category\|Alla Rakha~~}}		* {{Commonscatinline}}
	*{{AllMusic\|class=artist\|id=p172410\|label=Alla Rakha}}		*{{AllMusic\|class=artist\|id=p172410\|label=Alla Rakha}}

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	[[Category:Musicians from Jammu and Kashmir]]		[[Category:Musicians from Jammu and Kashmir]]
	[[Category:People from Jammu district]]		[[Category:People from Jammu district]]
			[[Category:Punjabi people]]
	[[Category:All India Radio people]]		[[Category:All India Radio people]]
	[[Category:Indian male classical musicians]]		[[Category:Indian male classical musicians]]
	[[Category:20th-century Indian ~~musicians~~]]		[[Category:20th-century Indian male singers]]
	[[Category:20th-century drummers]]		[[Category:20th-century drummers]]
	~~[[Category:20th-century singers]]~~
	~~[[Category:20th-century male singers]]~~

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← Older revision		Revision as of 09:28, 4 January 2022
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	Ustad Allarakha Khan Qureshi (29 April 1919 – 3 February 2000) was born in Ghagwal Village (in today’s district [[Samba district\|Samba]]) [[Jammu]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)\|Jammu and Kashmir]]. His mother tongue was [[Dogri]] and his family were [[Muslim Dogra]]s, although most of the Dogra clan around them were Hindus.<ref name="ar"/> Growing up on a farm, Ustad Allarakha was always in awe of music, praising the traveling musicians he would occasionally have the opportunity to witness. His father, at that time, looked down upon singing or learning to play a musical instrument as a profession for his boy, due to family's origins as [[Dogras]] of Jammu.<ref name="ar"/><ref name=NYT/>		Ustad Allarakha Khan Qureshi (29 April 1919 – 3 February 2000) was born in Ghagwal Village (in today’s district [[Samba district\|Samba]]) [[Jammu]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)\|Jammu and Kashmir]]. His mother tongue was [[Dogri]] and his family were [[Muslim Dogra]]s, although most of the Dogra clan around them were Hindus.<ref name="ar"/> Growing up on a farm, Ustad Allarakha was always in awe of music, praising the traveling musicians he would occasionally have the opportunity to witness. His father, at that time, looked down upon singing or learning to play a musical instrument as a profession for his boy, due to family's origins as [[Dogras]] of Jammu.<ref name="ar"/><ref name=NYT/>

	At the age of 12, Ustad Alla Rakha ran away from home to stay with his uncle in the nearby [[Gurdaspur]] city to pursue his passion for music.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X2dE8RM-ysQ&list=FL9PcXrT5iTyDSreYOQ5962Q&index=1 Alla Rakha's performance on tabla on YouTube] Retrirved 18 October 2020</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|date=2014-04-30\|title=Lesser known facts about Ustad Allah Rakha\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/photo-features/lesser-known-facts-about-ustad-allah-rakha/photostory/34414234.cms\|access-date=2021-02-02\|website=The Times of India\|language=en}}</ref> Finding little chances for grooming and appreciation, the determined young lad ran away from home, began his training in tabla with Mian Kader Baksh of the [[Punjab gharana]] of tabla players. Mian Kadir Bakhsh, who had no sons, formally adopted Alla Rakha and called him the next head of the [[Punjab gharana]] of tabla players.<ref name="~~NYT~~" /><ref name="ar" /><ref name="GoogleDoodle" />		At the age of 12, Ustad Alla Rakha ran away from home to stay with his uncle in the nearby [[Gurdaspur]] city to pursue his passion for music.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X2dE8RM-ysQ&list=FL9PcXrT5iTyDSreYOQ5962Q&index=1 Alla Rakha's performance on tabla on YouTube] Retrirved 18 October 2020</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web\|date=2014-04-30\|title=Lesser known facts about Ustad Allah Rakha\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/photo-features/lesser-known-facts-about-ustad-allah-rakha/photostory/34414234.cms\|access-date=2021-02-02\|website=The Times of India\|language=en}}</ref> Finding little chances for grooming and appreciation, the determined young lad ran away from home, began his training in tabla with Mian Kader Baksh of the [[Punjab gharana]] of tabla players. Mian Kadir Bakhsh, who had no sons, formally adopted Alla Rakha and called him the next head of the [[Punjab gharana]] of tabla players.<ref name="ar" /><ref name="NYT" /><ref name="GoogleDoodle" />

	He also took vocal training in classical music and ''[[Indian musical scale\|Raag Vidya]]'' under Ustad Ashiq Ali Khan of the [[Patiala gharana]]. His regimen of practice and dedication were legendary: hours upon hours of hard, disciplined practice, that would later pay off. In 1943, he started working for Bombay film industry, also known as [[Bollywood]] these days, and composed music for nearly two dozen films of Hindi and Punjabi languages.<ref name="NYT" />		He also took vocal training in classical music and ''[[Indian musical scale\|Raag Vidya]]'' under Ustad Ashiq Ali Khan of the [[Patiala gharana]]. His regimen of practice and dedication were legendary: hours upon hours of hard, disciplined practice, that would later pay off. In 1943, he started working for Bombay film industry, also known as [[Bollywood]] these days, and composed music for nearly two dozen films of Hindi and Punjabi languages.<ref name="NYT" />

	He was married to his cousin Bavi Begum and their marriage produced three sons, [[Zakir Hussain (musician)\|Zakir Hussain]], [[Fazal Qureshi]] and [[Taufiq Qureshi]]; two daughters, Khurshid Aulia née Qureshi and Razia; and nine grandchildren. They all survived him except Razia; it was the news of her death the day before that is thought to have caused his fatal heart attack.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3494700060.html\|title=Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha - Dictionary definition of Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha - Encyclopedia.com: FREE online dictionary\|website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref><ref name="ar">{{cite news\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2000/feb/05/guardianobituaries1\|title=Alla Rakha obituary (with Ravi Shankar, he took Indian music to the world)\|author=Reginald Massey\|date=4 February 2000\|newspaper=The Guardian (newspaper)\|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref>		He was married to his cousin Bavi Begum and their marriage produced three sons, [[Zakir Hussain (musician)\|Zakir Hussain]], [[Fazal Qureshi]] and [[Taufiq Qureshi]]; two daughters, Khurshid Aulia née Qureshi and Razia; and nine grandchildren. They all survived him except Razia; it was the news of her death the day before that is thought to have caused his fatal heart attack.<ref name="ar">{{cite news\|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2000/feb/05/guardianobituaries1\|title=Alla Rakha obituary (with Ravi Shankar, he took Indian music to the world)\|author=Reginald Massey\|date=4 February 2000\|newspaper=The Guardian (newspaper)\|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3494700060.html\|title=Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha - Dictionary definition of Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha - Encyclopedia.com: FREE online dictionary\|website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref>

	Allah Rakha had a third daughter named [[Roohi Bano]] who was born in [[Pakistan]] and achieved a "legendary" status in television and film acting.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite news\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Roohi-Bano-lives-a-life-of-recluse-wreck-Lahore/articleshow/21327410.cms\|title=Roohi Bano lives a life of recluse wreck Lahore - Times of India\|newspaper=The Times of India\|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/pakistan/story/ustad-alla-rakhas-daughter-is-broken-and-alone-in-pakistan-171585-2013-07-25\|title=Ustad Alla Rakha's daughter Roohi Bano is broken and alone in Pakistan\|first1=P. T. I.\|last1=LahoreJuly 25\|first2=2013UPDATED\|last2=July 25\|first3=2013 19:39\|last3=Ist\|website=India Today\|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref>		Allah Rakha had a third daughter named [[Roohi Bano]] who was born in [[Pakistan]] and achieved a "legendary" status in television and film acting.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite news\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Roohi-Bano-lives-a-life-of-recluse-wreck-Lahore/articleshow/21327410.cms\|title=Roohi Bano lives a life of recluse wreck Lahore - Times of India\|newspaper=The Times of India\|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/pakistan/story/ustad-alla-rakhas-daughter-is-broken-and-alone-in-pakistan-171585-2013-07-25\|title=Ustad Alla Rakha's daughter Roohi Bano is broken and alone in Pakistan\|first1=P. T. I.\|last1=LahoreJuly 25\|first2=2013UPDATED\|last2=July 25\|first3=2013 19:39\|last3=Ist\|website=India Today\|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref>
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	==Death and legacy==		==Death and legacy==
	Ustad Allarakha Qureshi died on 3 February 2000 at his ''Simla House'' residence on [[Nepean Sea Road]] following a heart attack, which he suffered on learning of the death of his daughter, Razia, the previous evening during cataract surgery.<ref name=NYT>{{cite news\|title=Ustad Alla Rakha, 80, Master Of Hindustani Classical Music \|author=Jon Pareles\|newspaper=The New York Times\|date=6 February 2000\| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/02/06/nyregion/ustad-alla-rakha-80-master-of-hindustani-classical-music.html\|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref~~><ref name="ar"/~~>		Ustad Allarakha Qureshi died on 3 February 2000 at his ''Simla House'' residence on [[Nepean Sea Road]] following a heart attack, which he suffered on learning of the death of his daughter, Razia, the previous evening during cataract surgery.<ref name="ar"/><ref name=NYT>{{cite news\|title=Ustad Alla Rakha, 80, Master Of Hindustani Classical Music \|author=Jon Pareles\|newspaper=The New York Times\|date=6 February 2000\| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/02/06/nyregion/ustad-alla-rakha-80-master-of-hindustani-classical-music.html\|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref>

	In his obituary, [[The New York Times]] called him "the most important tabla drummer of his generation". The newspaper further stated that Alla Rakha was given the title Ustad or master musician and teacher of the art of tabla playing. Alla Rakha... "used his skill to invigorate every musician who shared the stage with him."<ref name=NYT/>		In his obituary, [[The New York Times]] called him "the most important tabla drummer of his generation". The newspaper further stated that Alla Rakha was given the title Ustad or master musician and teacher of the art of tabla playing. Alla Rakha... "used his skill to invigorate every musician who shared the stage with him."<ref name=NYT/>

2409:4070:4D48:D409:0:0:ABCA:5A03 at 11:04, 7 July 2021

2021-07-07T11:04:17Z

New page

{{short description|Indian tabla player}}
{{for|the 1986 Hindi film|Allah Rakha (film)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2014}}
{{EngvarB|date=October 2013}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| name = Alla Rakha Khan Qureshi
| image = Alla Rakha 1988.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Alla Rakha in 1988
| image_size =
| birth_name = Alla Rakha Qureshi
| alias =
| birth_place = Ghagwal, District Samba [[Jammu]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|Jammu and Kashmir]], British India
| birth_date = {{birth date|1919|04|29|df=yes}}
| death_place = [[Mumbai]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|2000|02|03|1919|04|29|df=y}}
| origin =
| instrument = [[Tabla]], [[Pakhawaj]]
| genre = [[Hindustani classical music]]
| occupation =
| years_active =
| label =
| associated_acts = [[Ravi Shankar]], [[Zakir Hussain (musician)|Zakir Hussain]], [[Aditya Kalyanpur]]
| honorific_prefix = '''[[Ustad]]'''
| honorific_suffix = '''[[Padma Shri]]'''
| website = {{url|http://www.allarakhafoundation.org/}}
}}
[[Ustad]]''' Allarakha Qureshi''' (29 April 1919 – 3 February 2000), popularly known as '''Alla Rakha''', was an Indian [[tabla]] player who specialized in [[Hindustani classical music]]. He was a frequent accompanist of sitar player Pandit [[Ravi Shankar]] and was largely responsible for introducing [[Tabla]] to the western audience.

==Personal life and education==
Ustad Allarakha Khan Qureshi (29 April 1919 – 3 February 2000) was born in Ghagwal Village (in today’s district [[Samba district|Samba]]) [[Jammu]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. His mother tongue was [[Dogri]] and his family were [[Muslim Dogra]]s, although most of the Dogra clan around them were Hindus.<ref name="ar"/> Growing up on a farm, Ustad Allarakha was always in awe of music, praising the traveling musicians he would occasionally have the opportunity to witness. His father, at that time, looked down upon singing or learning to play a musical instrument as a profession for his boy, due to family's origins as [[Dogras]] of Jammu.<ref name="ar"/><ref name=NYT/>

At the age of 12, Ustad Alla Rakha ran away from home to stay with his uncle in the nearby [[Gurdaspur]] city to pursue his passion for music.<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X2dE8RM-ysQ&list=FL9PcXrT5iTyDSreYOQ5962Q&index=1 Alla Rakha's performance on tabla on YouTube] Retrirved 18 October 2020</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2014-04-30|title=Lesser known facts about Ustad Allah Rakha|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/photo-features/lesser-known-facts-about-ustad-allah-rakha/photostory/34414234.cms|access-date=2021-02-02|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref> Finding little chances for grooming and appreciation, the determined young lad ran away from home, began his training in tabla with Mian Kader Baksh of the [[Punjab gharana]] of tabla players. Mian Kadir Bakhsh, who had no sons, formally adopted Alla Rakha and called him the next head of the [[Punjab gharana]] of tabla players.<ref name="NYT" /><ref name="ar" /><ref name="GoogleDoodle" />

He also took vocal training in classical music and ''[[Indian musical scale|Raag Vidya]]'' under Ustad Ashiq Ali Khan of the [[Patiala gharana]]. His regimen of practice and dedication were legendary: hours upon hours of hard, disciplined practice, that would later pay off. In 1943, he started working for Bombay film industry, also known as [[Bollywood]] these days, and composed music for nearly two dozen films of Hindi and Punjabi languages.<ref name="NYT" />

He was married to his cousin Bavi Begum and their marriage produced three sons, [[Zakir Hussain (musician)|Zakir Hussain]], [[Fazal Qureshi]] and [[Taufiq Qureshi]]; two daughters, Khurshid Aulia née Qureshi and Razia; and nine grandchildren. They all survived him except Razia; it was the news of her death the day before that is thought to have caused his fatal heart attack.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3494700060.html|title=Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha - Dictionary definition of Qureshi, Ustad Alla Rakha - Encyclopedia.com: FREE online dictionary|website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref><ref name="ar">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2000/feb/05/guardianobituaries1|title=Alla Rakha obituary (with Ravi Shankar, he took Indian music to the world)|author=Reginald Massey|date=4 February 2000|newspaper=The Guardian (newspaper)|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref>

Allah Rakha had a third daughter named [[Roohi Bano]] who was born in [[Pakistan]] and achieved a "legendary" status in television and film acting.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/music/news/Roohi-Bano-lives-a-life-of-recluse-wreck-Lahore/articleshow/21327410.cms|title=Roohi Bano lives a life of recluse wreck Lahore - Times of India|newspaper=The Times of India|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/world/pakistan/story/ustad-alla-rakhas-daughter-is-broken-and-alone-in-pakistan-171585-2013-07-25|title=Ustad Alla Rakha's daughter Roohi Bano is broken and alone in Pakistan|first1=P. T. I.|last1=LahoreJuly 25|first2=2013UPDATED|last2=July 25|first3=2013 19:39|last3=Ist|website=India Today|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref>

==Career==
Ustad Allarakha Qureshi began his career as an accompanist in [[Lahore]] and then as an [[All India Radio]], [[Delhi]] staffer in 1936 but later moved to [[Bombay]] in 1940, playing the station's first ever tabla solo and elevating the instrument's position in the process. Soon after, he composed music for a few [[Hindi]] films in the 1940s and the early 1950s under the name A. R. Qureshi.<ref name=NYT/>

[[File:Ravi Shankar flier back.jpg|thumb|190px|right|Flyer for an October 1967 concert by Shankar and Rakha (left), held four months after their performance at the [[Monterey Pop Festival]]]]
However, he still played as an accompanist, for soloists like [[Bade Ghulam Ali Khan]], [[Allauddin Khan]], [[Vilayat Khan]], [[Vasant Rai]], [[Ali Akbar Khan]], and [[Ravi Shankar]].<ref name=NYT/> The venerable master achieved world renown as Shankar's chief accompanist during his apex in the 1960s, delighting audiences in the West with his percussive wizardry, not only as an uncanny accompanist with flawless timing and sensitivity but also as a soloist where he was a master of improvisation, a prolific composer and an electric showman.

The partnership was particularly successful, and his legendary and spellbinding performances with Shankar at the [[Monterey Pop Festival]] in 1967 and the [[Woodstock Festival]] in 1969 served to introduce classical Indian music to general Western audiences.

==Global influence==
Alla Rakha popularised the art of tabla, playing across the globe, elevating the status and respect of this instrument. "Abbaji" (as he was affectionately known by his disciples) also bridged the gap between [[Carnatic music]] and [[Hindustani music]] by playing with both renowned Carnatic musicians and other Hindustani stalwarts. Ravi Shankar and Alla Rakha duo represented India at several international music festivals.<ref name="ar"/>

Leading American percussionists in [[rock n' roll]], such as the [[Grateful Dead]]'s [[Mickey Hart]], admired him and studied his technique, benefiting greatly even from single meetings. Hart, a published authority on percussion in [[world music]], said: "Allah Rakha is the Einstein, the Picasso; he is the highest form of rhythmic development on this planet." Rakha also collaborated with jazz drummer [[Buddy Rich]] on their 1968 album ''[[Rich à la Rakha]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/63qv|title=BBC - Music - Review of Buddy Rich & Allah Rakha - Rich a la Rakha|first=Liz|last=Mundler}}</ref>

Alla Rakha's partnership with Ravi Shankar began in the early 1950s.<ref name="ar"/> He was part of the ensemble accompanying [[Ravi Shankar]] during [[George Harrison]]'s [[Concert for Bangladesh]] shows, held in [[New York City]] in August 1971. The success of the live album and concert film from this event presented Indian classical music to a wide audience in the West. He also collaborated and shared the stage with many leading figures in Indian music like sitar player [[Vilayat Khan]] and sarod player [[Ali Akbar Khan]].<ref name=NYT/>

==Awards and recognition==
Alla Rakha was awarded the [[Padma Shri]] in 1977<ref>{{cite web|title=Padma Awards list (1954 - 2013) (scroll down to find 1977 for Alla Rakha's award)|publisher=Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India)|url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf|access-date=18 October 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151015193758/http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf| archive-date=15 October 2015|url-status=dead|date=2 September 2014}}</ref> and the [[Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]] in 1982.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sangeet Natak Akademi Awards – Hindustani Music – Instrumental |publisher=Sangeet Natak Academy website|url=http://www.sangeetnatak.com/programmes_recognition&honours_music_hindustani_instrumenta.html |access-date=18 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090519200834/http://www.sangeetnatak.com/programmes_recognition%26honours_music_hindustani_instrumenta.html |date=16 August 2007|archive-date=19 May 2009 |url-status=dead |df=dmy }}</ref> He was also featured on 29 April 2014, on the occasion of his 95th birthday, in a [[Google Doodle|Google doodle]].<ref name=GoogleDoodle>{{cite web |title=Google doodle marks Ustad Alla Rakha's 95th birthday | website=NDTV Gadgets 360 websit| date=29 April 2014 |url=https://gadgets.ndtv.com/others/news/ustad-alla-rakhas-95th-birth-anniversary-commemorated-by-google-doodle-515504 |access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref>

==Death and legacy==
Ustad Allarakha Qureshi died on 3 February 2000 at his ''Simla House'' residence on [[Nepean Sea Road]] following a heart attack, which he suffered on learning of the death of his daughter, Razia, the previous evening during cataract surgery.<ref name=NYT>{{cite news|title=Ustad Alla Rakha, 80, Master Of Hindustani Classical Music |author=Jon Pareles|newspaper=The New York Times|date=6 February 2000| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/02/06/nyregion/ustad-alla-rakha-80-master-of-hindustani-classical-music.html|access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref><ref name="ar"/>

In his obituary, [[The New York Times]] called him "the most important tabla drummer of his generation". The newspaper further stated that Alla Rakha was given the title Ustad or master musician and teacher of the art of tabla playing. Alla Rakha... "used his skill to invigorate every musician who shared the stage with him."<ref name=NYT/>

The Then-[[Prime Minister of India]] [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] also issued a formal statement regretting the loss in his death.<ref name="NYT" />

==See also==
*[[Anokhelal Mishra]]
*[[Kishan Maharaj]]
*[[Samta Prasad]]
*[[Zakir Hussain (musician)|Zakir Hussain]]
*[[Yogesh Samsi]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Sources==
#Inlay notes to ''A Life Story of a Genius'' compilation CD set (Saregama India Ltd, 2006)

==External links==
{{Commons category|Alla Rakha}}
*{{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p172410|label=Alla Rakha}}

{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Art}}
{{Ravi Shankar}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rakha, Alla}}
[[Category:1919 births]]
[[Category:2000 deaths]]
[[Category:Tabla gharanas]]
[[Category:Hindustani instrumentalists]]
[[Category:Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]]
[[Category:Tabla players]]
[[Category:Indian drummers]]
[[Category:Musicians from Jammu and Kashmir]]
[[Category:People from Jammu district]]
[[Category:All India Radio people]]
[[Category:Indian male classical musicians]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian musicians]]
[[Category:20th-century drummers]]
[[Category:20th-century singers]]
[[Category:20th-century male singers]]