Ali Adil Shah II - Revision history

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	{{Use dmy dates\|date=~~August 2019~~}}		{{Short description\|Sultan of Bijapur from 1656 to 1672}}
			{{Multiple issues\|
			{{more footnotes needed\|date=February 2018}}
			{{more citations needed\|date=February 2018}}
			}}
			{{Use dmy dates\|date=November 2023}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=August 2019}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=August 2019}}
	~~{{more footnotes\|date=February 2018}}~~		{{Infobox royalty
	~~{{refimprove\|date=February 2018}}~~		\| name = Ali Adil Shah II
	{{Infobox ~~monarch~~		\| title = [[Sultan]]<br>[[Shah]]
	\| name = Ali Adil Shah II		\| image = Ali Adil Shah II.jpg
	\| title = ~~Adil Shahi~~		\| reign = 4 November 1656 – 24 November 1672
	[[Sultan]]		\| othrtitles =
	\| image= Ali ~~ʿAadil Sháh~~ II ~~of Bijapur~~.jpg		\| full name = Sultan Adil Shah Sani
	\| reign = ~~1656–1672~~		\| predecessor = [[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur\|Mohammed Adil Shah]]
	\| othrtitles =		\| successor = [[Sikandar Adil Shah]]
	\| full name = Sultan Adil Shah Sani		\| succession = 8th [[Adil Shahi dynasty\|Sultan of Bijapur]]
	\| predecessor = [[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur\|Mohammed Adil Shah]]		\| spouse = Khurshida Khanum
	\| successor = [[Sikandar Adil Shah]]		\| issue = [[Shahar Banu Begum]] (Padshah Bibi)<br>Husain<br>[[Sikandar Adil Shah]]
	\| spouse = Khurshida Khanum		\| royal house = [[Adil Shahi\|Adil Shahi house]]
	\| issue = [[Shahar Banu Begum]] (Padshah Bibi)<br>Husain<br>[[Sikandar Adil Shah]]		\| dynasty = [[Adil Shahi\|Adil Shahi Empire]]
	\| royal house = [[Adil Shahi\|Adil Shahi house]]		\| father = [[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur\|Mohammed Adil Shah]]
	\| dynasty = [[Adil Shahi\|Adil Shahi Empire]]		\| mother = [[Khadija Sultana]] of [[Qutb Shahi dynasty\|Golconda]]
	\| father = [[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur\|Mohammed Adil Shah]]		\| birth_place =
	\| mother = [[Khadija Sultana]] of [[Qutb Shahi dynasty\|Golconda]]		\| death_date = 24 November 1672
	\| birth_place =		\| death_place = [[Adil Shahi\|Bijapur]]
	\| death_date = 24 ~~Nov~~ 1672		\| burial_date =
	\| death_place = [[Adil Shahi\|Bijapur]]		\| burial_place = Bara Kaman
	\| ~~date of burial~~ =		\| religion = [[Sunni Islam]]<ref name="ReferenceF">Muhammad Qasim [[Firishta]]'s Tarikh-e-Firishta.</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">Busateenus-Salateen a Persian Manuscript of Mirza Ibrahim Zubairi.</ref><ref name="ReferenceC">Mirza Ibrahim Zubairi, Rouzatul Auliya-e-Bijapur.</ref>
	\| ~~place of burial~~ = Bara Kaman		}}
	\| religion = [[~~Shia~~ Islam]]
	~~\|succession~~=[[~~Adil Shahi]] Sultan}}~~
	~~On the death of [[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur~~]] ~~on 4 November 1656,~~ '~~''Ali Adil Shah II''',~~ a ~~youth~~ of ~~eighteen~~, ~~succeeded to the throne of [[~~Bijapur~~]] through the efforts of the Prime Minister Khan Muhammad and the Queen, Badi Sahiba, sister of [[Qutb Shahi dynasty\|Qutb Shah]] of [[Golkonda]]~~.

	His accession signaled disasters to the Kingdom and his reign marked the decline of the ~~mighty~~ Bijapur Kingdom.		'''Ali Adil Shah II''' ({{langx\|ur\|{{nq\|علی عادل شاه دوم}}\|translit=ʿAlī ʿĀdil Shāh}}; died 24 November 1672) was the 8th Sultan of [[Adil Shahi dynasty\|Bijapur]]. He succeeded to the throne of Bijapur through the efforts of the Prime Minister Khan Muhammad and the Queen, Badi Sahiba, sister of [[Qutb Shahi dynasty\|Qutb Shah]] of [[Golkonda]] on the death of [[Mohammed Adil Shah of Bijapur]] on 4 November 1656.

			His accession signaled disasters to the Kingdom and his reign marked the decline of the Bijapur Kingdom.

	== Reign ==		== Reign ==
	[[Shah Jahan]], anxious to annex Bijapur to his empire, found a pretext in the legitimacy of ~~Alis~~ parents. On [[Aurangzeb]]’s plea, [[Shah Jahan]] sanctioned the invasion of Bijapur and gave him a free hand to deal with the situation. This sanction of such a war was wholly unrighteous. Bijapur was not a vassal state of the [[Mughal Empire\|Mughals]]; but an independent and equal ally of the Mughal Emperor, and the latter had no lawful right to confirm or question the succession to the [[Bijapur Sultanate]]. However, Aurangzeb, had to raise the siege and rush ~~to the~~ north for the war of succession to the Mughal throne.		{{Unreferenced section\|date=October 2025}}
			[[Shah Jahan]], anxious to annex Bijapur to his empire, found a pretext in the legitimacy of Ali's parents. On [[Aurangzeb]]’s plea, [[Shah Jahan]] sanctioned the invasion of Bijapur and gave him a free hand to deal with the situation. This sanction of such a war was wholly unrighteous. Bijapur was not a vassal state of the [[Mughal Empire\|Mughals]], but an independent and equal ally of the Mughal Emperor, and the latter had no lawful right to confirm or question the succession to the [[Bijapur Sultanate]]. However, Aurangzeb had to raise the siege and rush north for the war of succession to the Mughal throne.

	With ~~Muhammad’s~~ death and ~~Ali’s~~ accession disorder had begun in the [[Karnataka]]. The [[Nayak dynasty\|Nayaks]] tried to recover their former lands. ([[Bangalore]] the capital of [[Karnataka]] was ~~Bijapur’s~~ administrative headquarters for controlling these feudatories by Kempegouda)~~. On the other hand~~, [[Shivaji]] increased the momentum of acquiring more and more Bijapur territory and carved an independent [[Maratha]] state, while his diplomacy prevented any [[Mughal Empire\|Mughal]]-[[Bijapur Sultanate\|Bijapur]] coalition against him.		With Muhammad's death and Ali's accession, disorder had begun in the [[Karnataka]]. The [[Nayak dynasty\|Nayaks]] tried to recover their former lands. ([[Bangalore]], the capital of [[Karnataka]], was Bijapur's administrative headquarters for controlling these feudatories by Kempegouda.) Meanwhile, [[Shivaji]] increased the momentum of acquiring more and more Bijapur territory and carved an independent [[Maratha]] state, while his diplomacy prevented any [[Mughal Empire\|Mughal]]-[[Bijapur Sultanate\|Bijapur]] coalition against him.

	At the court things were even worse. With the coming of a young and weak ruler, the party factions and struggle for supremacy was at its zenith. To aggravate ~~the~~, [[Aurangzeb]] intrigued with Bijapur nobles and succeeded in winning over most of them.		At the court, things were even worse. With the coming of a young and weak ruler, the party factions and struggle for supremacy was at its zenith. To aggravate them, [[Aurangzeb]] intrigued with Bijapur nobles and succeeded in winning over most of them.

	Throughout his reign of 16 years, Ali struggled desperately both against the [[Mughal Empire\|Mughals]] and the [[Maratha]]s. He thrice repulsed Mughal invasions. But when he died in 1672 the ~~great and glorious~~ Bijapur ~~of Muhammad’s time~~ was deprived of most of its important territorial possessions. With the expansion of [[Shivaji]]’s kingdom there was a corresponding shrinkage in the Bijapur territory.		Throughout his reign of 16 years, Ali struggled desperately both against the [[Mughal Empire\|Mughals]] and the [[Maratha Empire\|Maratha]]s. He thrice repulsed Mughal invasions. But when he died in 1672, the Bijapur kingdom was deprived of most of its important territorial possessions. With the expansion of [[Shivaji]]’s kingdom, there was a corresponding shrinkage in the Bijapur territory.

	==~~Death~~==		==Literary activity==
	~~<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:BaraKaram.jpg\|thumb\|150px\|~~The ~~incomplete masolueum~~ of ~~Adil Shah, Barakaman(Ali Roza-~~II), [[~~India~~]]~~, which means twelve arches in~~ [[~~Urdu~~]]]] -->		The reign of ʿAlī ʿĀdil Shāh II was marked by developments in [[Persian literature\|Persian]] and [[Deccani language\|Deccani]] literature and fine arts. [[Nusrati]] served as his poet-laureate. A history known as the ''Taʾrīkh-i ʿAlī ʿĀdil Shāh'' by Nūrullāh ibn Qāḍī Sayyid ʿAlī Muḥammad al-Ḥusaynī al-Qadirī was also produced under his patronage.<ref>Charles Rieu, ''Catalogue of the Persian Manuscripts in the British Museum'', volume 1 (London: British Museum, 1879), 318.</ref>

	~~Ali’s reign is marked by developments in [[Persian literature\|Persian]] and Deccani literature and fine arts, and some good works of history were also produced under his patronage. He~~ was buried in Ali Ka Rouza the ~~world~~-~~famous~~ [[Bara Kaman]] in Bijapur.		==Tomb==
			ʿAlī ʿĀdil Shāh II was buried in Ali Ka Rouza, the well-known [[Bara Kaman]] in Bijapur.

			==See also==
			*[[Adil Shahi–Portuguese conflicts]]

	==References==		==References==
	{{commons category~~\|Ali Adil Shah II~~}}		{{Reflist}}

			==Bibliography==
			{{commons category}}
	* Dehlavi, Basheeruddin: ''Wāqīyāt-i mamlakat-i Bījāpūr'', Bangalore (Karnatak Urdu Academy) 2003.		* Dehlavi, Basheeruddin: ''Wāqīyāt-i mamlakat-i Bījāpūr'', Bangalore (Karnatak Urdu Academy) 2003.
	* [[Firishta]], Muḥammad Qāsim Hindū-Shāh Astarābādī: ''History of the Rise of the Mahomedan Power in India, till the Year 1612'', translated by John Briggs, Calcutta (Editions Indian) 1829, rep. 1966.		* [[Firishta]], Muḥammad Qāsim Hindū-Shāh Astarābādī: ''History of the Rise of the Mahomedan Power in India, till the Year 1612'', translated by John Briggs, Calcutta (Editions Indian) 1829, rep. 1966.
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	{{DEFAULTSORT:Ali Adil Shah 02}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Ali Adil Shah 02}}
	[[Category:1672 deaths]]		[[Category:1672 deaths]]
	[[Category:Indian Muslims]]		[[Category:17th-century Indian Muslims]]
	[[Category:17th-century Indian monarchs]]		[[Category:17th-century Indian monarchs]]
	[[Category:Sultans of Bijapur]]		[[Category:Sultans of Bijapur]]
	~~[[Category:Adil Shahi dynasty]]~~
	~~[[Category:1656 in India]]~~
	~~[[Category:1672 in India]]~~
	[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]		[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]

imported>Aciram at 18:53, 29 July 2021

2021-07-29T18:53:16Z

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}
{{more footnotes|date=February 2018}}
{{refimprove|date=February 2018}}
{{Infobox monarch
| name = Ali Adil Shah II
| title = Adil Shahi
[[Sultan]]
| image= Ali ʿAadil Sháh II of Bijapur.jpg
| reign = 1656–1672
| othrtitles =
| full name = Sultan Adil Shah Sani
| predecessor = [[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur|Mohammed Adil Shah]]
| successor = [[Sikandar Adil Shah]]
| spouse = Khurshida Khanum
| issue = [[Shahar Banu Begum]] (Padshah Bibi)<br>Husain<br>[[Sikandar Adil Shah]]
| royal house = [[Adil Shahi|Adil Shahi house]]
| dynasty = [[Adil Shahi|Adil Shahi Empire]]
| father = [[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur|Mohammed Adil Shah]]
| mother = [[Khadija Sultana]] of [[Qutb Shahi dynasty|Golconda]]
| birth_place =
| death_date = 24 Nov 1672
| death_place = [[Adil Shahi|Bijapur]]
| date of burial =
| place of burial = Bara Kaman
| religion = [[Shia Islam]]
|succession=[[Adil Shahi]] Sultan}}
On the death of [[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur]] on 4 November 1656, '''Ali Adil Shah II''', a youth of eighteen, succeeded to the throne of [[Bijapur]] through the efforts of the Prime Minister Khan Muhammad and the Queen, Badi Sahiba, sister of [[Qutb Shahi dynasty|Qutb Shah]] of [[Golkonda]].

His accession signaled disasters to the Kingdom and his reign marked the decline of the mighty Bijapur Kingdom.

== Reign ==
[[Shah Jahan]], anxious to annex Bijapur to his empire, found a pretext in the legitimacy of Alis parents. On [[Aurangzeb]]’s plea, [[Shah Jahan]] sanctioned the invasion of Bijapur and gave him a free hand to deal with the situation. This sanction of such a war was wholly unrighteous. Bijapur was not a vassal state of the [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]]; but an independent and equal ally of the Mughal Emperor, and the latter had no lawful right to confirm or question the succession to the [[Bijapur Sultanate]]. However, Aurangzeb, had to raise the siege and rush to the north for the war of succession to the Mughal throne.

With Muhammad’s death and Ali’s accession disorder had begun in the [[Karnataka]]. The [[Nayak dynasty|Nayaks]] tried to recover their former lands. ([[Bangalore]] the capital of [[Karnataka]] was Bijapur’s administrative headquarters for controlling these feudatories by Kempegouda). On the other hand, [[Shivaji]] increased the momentum of acquiring more and more Bijapur territory and carved an independent [[Maratha]] state, while his diplomacy prevented any [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]]-[[Bijapur Sultanate|Bijapur]] coalition against him.

At the court things were even worse. With the coming of a young and weak ruler, the party factions and struggle for supremacy was at its zenith. To aggravate the, [[Aurangzeb]] intrigued with Bijapur nobles and succeeded in winning over most of them.

Throughout his reign of 16 years, Ali struggled desperately both against the [[Mughal Empire|Mughals]] and the [[Maratha]]s. He thrice repulsed Mughal invasions. But when he died in 1672 the great and glorious Bijapur of Muhammad’s time was deprived of most of its important territorial possessions. With the expansion of [[Shivaji]]’s kingdom there was a corresponding shrinkage in the Bijapur territory.

==Death==


Ali’s reign is marked by developments in [[Persian literature|Persian]] and Deccani literature and fine arts, and some good works of history were also produced under his patronage. He was buried in Ali Ka Rouza the world-famous [[Bara Kaman]] in Bijapur.

==References==
{{commons category|Ali Adil Shah II}}
* Dehlavi, Basheeruddin: ''Wāqīyāt-i mamlakat-i Bījāpūr'', Bangalore (Karnatak Urdu Academy) 2003.
* [[Firishta]], Muḥammad Qāsim Hindū-Shāh Astarābādī: ''History of the Rise of the Mahomedan Power in India, till the Year 1612'', translated by John Briggs, Calcutta (Editions Indian) 1829, rep. 1966.
* Nayeem, Muhammad: ''External Relations of the Bijapur Kingdom'', Hyderabad A.P. (Bright Publishers) 1974.
* Verma, Dinesh Chandra: ''Social, economic, and cultural history of Bijapur'', Delhi (Idarah-i Adabiyat-i Delli) 1990.

{{s-start}}
{{succession box|title=[[List of Adil Shahi Emperors|Adil Shahi Rulers of Bijapur]]|before=[[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur|Mohammed Adil Shah]]|after=[[Sikandar Adil Shah]]|years=1656–1672}}
{{s-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ali Adil Shah 02}}
[[Category:1672 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:17th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:Sultans of Bijapur]]
[[Category:Adil Shahi dynasty]]
[[Category:1656 in India]]
[[Category:1672 in India]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]