KatherinLigertwo: quick add content for clarity and fixed typos based on references

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quick add content for clarity and fixed typos based on references

139.5.251.190: /* Overview */

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Overview

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	The '''Alaknanda''' is a [[Himalaya]]n river in the [[India]]n state of [[Uttarakhand]] and one of the two [[headstream]]s of the [[Ganges]], the major river of [[Northern India]] and the holy river of [[Hinduism]]. In [[~~hydrology~~]], the Alaknanda is considered the [[headstream\|source stream]] of the [[Ganges]] on account of its greater length and discharge;<ref>{{cite book\|title=India through the ages\|url=https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada\|last=Gopal\|first=Madan\|year= 1990\| page= [https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada/page/65 65]\|editor=K.S. Gautam\|publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India}}</ref> however, in [[Hinduism\|Hindu]] tradition and culture, the other headstream, the [[Bhagirathi]], is considered the source stream.		The '''Alaknanda''' is a [[Himalaya]]n river in the [[India]]n state of [[Uttarakhand]] and one of the two [[headstream]]s of the [[Ganges]], the major river of [[Northern India]] and the holy river of [[Hinduism]]. In [[Hydrology]], the Alaknanda is considered the [[headstream\|source stream]] of the [[Ganges]] on account of its greater length and discharge;<ref>{{cite book\|title=India through the ages\|url=https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada\|last=Gopal\|first=Madan\|year= 1990\| page= [https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada/page/65 65]\|editor=K.S. Gautam\|publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India}}</ref> however, in [[Hinduism\|Hindu]] tradition and culture, the other headstream, the [[Bhagirathi]], is considered the source stream.

	==Overview==		==Overview==

183.87.179.54 at 09:06, 10 May 2021

2021-05-10T09:06:32Z

New page

{{short description|River in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox river
| name = Alakanandā
| name_native = अलकनंदा
| name_native_lang =
| name_other =
| name_etymology =

| image = Alaknanda devprayag.jpg
| image_size = 300px
| image_caption = The sediment-laden '''Alaknanda''' river flowing into [[Devprayag]], [[Uttarakhand]].
| map = HeadwatersGanges1.jpg
| map_size =
| map_caption = The Himalayan headwaters of the Ganges river in the [[Garhwa]]l region of [[Uttarakhand]], India. The Alaknanda is the left bank tributary of the Ganges at Devprayag.
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_map_size =
| pushpin_map_caption=

| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = [[India]]
| subdivision_type2 = State
| subdivision_name2 = [[Uttarakhand]]
| subdivision_type3 = Region
| subdivision_name3 = [[Garhwal division]]
| subdivision_type4 = District
| subdivision_name4 = [[Chamoli district|Chamoli]], [[Rudraprayag district|Rudraprayag]], [[Pauri Garhwal district|Pauri Garhwal]]
| subdivision_type5 =
| subdivision_name5 =

| length = {{convert|195|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| width_min =
| width_avg =
| width_max =
| depth_min =
| depth_avg =
| depth_max =
| discharge1_location=
| discharge1_min =
| discharge1_avg = {{convert|439.36|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}}
| discharge1_max =

| source1 = Confluence of [[Satopanth Glacier]] and Bhagirathi Kharak Glacier
| source1_location =
| source1_coordinates=
| source1_elevation = {{convert|3880|m|abbr=on}}
| source2 = [[Bhagirathi River]]
| source2_location =
| source2_coordinates=
| source2_elevation =
| mouth = [[Ganges River|Ganges]]
| mouth_location = [[Devprayag]], [[Uttarakhand]], [[India]]
| mouth_coordinates =
| mouth_elevation = {{convert|475|m|abbr=on}}
| progression =
| river_system =
| basin_size = {{convert|10882|km2|abbr=on}}
| tributaries_left = [[Saraswati River (Uttarakhand)|Saraswati]], [[Dhauliganga River|Dhauliganga]], [[Nandakini]], [[Pindar River|Pindar]]
| tributaries_right = [[Mandakini River|Mandakini]]
| custom_label =
| custom_data =
| extra =
}}

The '''Alaknanda''' is a [[Himalaya]]n river in the [[India]]n state of [[Uttarakhand]] and one of the two [[headstream]]s of the [[Ganges]], the major river of [[Northern India]] and the holy river of [[Hinduism]]. In [[hydrology]], the Alaknanda is considered the [[headstream|source stream]] of the [[Ganges]] on account of its greater length and discharge;<ref>{{cite book|title=India through the ages|url=https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada|last=Gopal|first=Madan|year= 1990| page= [https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada/page/65 65]|editor=K.S. Gautam|publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India}}</ref> however, in [[Hinduism|Hindu]] tradition and culture, the other headstream, the [[Bhagirathi]], is considered the source stream.

==Overview==
The Alaknanda is considered to rise at the confluence and foot of the [[Satopanth Glacier|Satopanth]] and Bhagirath Kharak [[glacier]]s in [[Uttarakhand]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.euttaranchal.com/uttarakhand/alaknanda-river |title=eUttaranchal}}</ref><ref>In Hindu culture {{cite web |url=https://omshivam.wordpress.com/2010/01/25/the-story-of-ganga-the-river-goddess/ |title=The Story of Ganga : The River Goddess}}</ref> and meet the [[Saraswati River (Uttarakhand)|Sarasvati River]] tributary at [[Mana, India]], {{convert|21|km|mi|2|abbr=on}} from [[Tibet]]. {{convert|3|km|mi|2|abbr=on}} below Mana the Alaknanda flows past the Hindu [[pilgrimage]] centre of [[Badrinath]].

[[File:Alakananda.JPG|left|thumb|350px|River Alaknanda near Badrikashram]]

The origin of Alaknanda River is of special interest to the tourists who visit the important pilgrimages in [[Uttarakhand]]. The Ganges as Alaknanda rises in the southern Himalayas on the Indian side of the [[Tibet]] border. On the Satopanth Glacier {{convert|6|km|mi|2|abbr=on}} up from Alaknanda's origin at its snout, the triangular Lake [[Satopanth Tal|Satopanth]] is found at a height of {{convert|4350|m|mi|2|abbr=on}} and it is named after the Hindu trinity Lord Brahma, Lord Vishnu, Lord Shiva.

The five main tributaries joining with Alaknanda in order includes [[Dhauliganga]], [[Nandakini]], [[Pindar River|Pindar]], [[Mandakini River|Mandakini]] and [[Bhagirathi]] all rising in the northern mountainous regions of [[Uttarakhand]]. After the last tributary merging at [[Devprayag]] the river is known as the [[Ganges]]. The Alaknanda contributes a significantly larger portion to the flow of the Ganges than the Bhagirathi.

The Alaknanda river is among the best for river [[rafting]] in the world due to its high rafting grade.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://travelnewsindia.com/11-top-destinations-river-rafting-india/|title=11 Top Destinations for River Rafting in India - Travel News India|publisher=travelnewsindia.com|date=2017-01-31|access-date=31 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311111842/http://travelnewsindia.com/11-top-destinations-river-rafting-india/|archive-date=11 March 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Alaknanda system drains parts of [[Chamoli district|Chamoli]], [[Tehri Garhwal district|Tehri]], and [[Pauri Garhwal district|Pauri]] districts.<ref name=singh>Singh Negi, Sharad (1995). ''Uttarakhand: Land and People'', page 6. MD Publications Pvt Ltd. {{ISBN|81-85880-73-5}}.</ref>

'''[[Badrinath]]''' [[Rishi Ganga]] River meet Alaknanda

Badrinath, one of the holy destinations for Hindus in India is located near to the bank of the Alaknanda River. This place is surrounded by two mountain ranges of Nar and Narayan on either sides and Neelkanth peak located at the back of Narayan range.

#Govindgath :. LaxmanGanga meet Alaknanda

'''[[Panch Prayag]]'''

Several rivers in the Garhwal region merge with the Alaknanda at places called prayag or 'holy confluence of rivers'. These are:<ref name=kapadia>Kapadia, Harish (2001). ''Trekking and Climbing in the Indian Himalaya'', page 89. Stackpole Books. {{ISBN|0-8117-2953-2}}.</ref>
# [[Vishnuprayag]], where the Alaknanda is met by the [[Dhauliganga River]]
# [[Nandaprayag]], where it is met by the [[Nandakini]] River
# [[Karnaprayag]], where it is met by the [[Pindar River]]
# [[Rudraprayag]], where it is met by the [[Mandakini River]]
# [[Devprayag]], where it meets the [[Bhagirathi River]] and officially becomes the [[Ganges]]

==Dams==
There are 37 [[hydroelectric]] [[dam]]s in operation, under construction or planned to harness the energy of the Alaknanda river and its tributaries and generate electricity.<ref>[http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_zQ_61cHYdhs/SvpwSYCKkPI/AAAAAAAAAJA/Ey81qwD6atk/s1600-h/Alaknanda+070808.jpg Hydroelectric Projects on Alaknanda River Basin], by South Asia Network on Dams Rivers and People, www.sandrp.in</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! '''#''' !! '''Name''' !! '''Electrical output capacity (MW)''' !! '''Status''' !! '''Dam height (m)''' !! '''Full reservoir level (MSL) (m)''' !! '''River bed level at dam site (MSL) (m)''' !! '''Head race tunnel length (km)''' !! '''Tail race tunnel length (m)''' !! '''Tail water level (MSL) (m)'''
|-
| 1 || Badrinath || 1.25 || operational || || || || || ||
|-
| 2 || Tapovan || 0.8 || operational || || || || || ||
|-
| 3 || Tharali || 0.4 || operational || || || || || ||
|-
| 4 || Tilwara || 0.2 || operational || || || || || ||
|-
| 5 || Urgam || 3 || operational || || || || || ||
|-
| 6 || Vishnuprayag || 400 || operational || 14 || || || 11.323 || ||
|-
| 7 || Kaliganga-I || 4 || under construction || || || || || ||
|-
| 8 || Kaliganga-II || 6 || under construction || || || || || ||
|-
| 9 || Koti Bhel IB || 320 || under construction || 90 || 521 || 452.5 || || 230 || 463.2
|-
| 10 || Koti Bhel II || 530 || under construction || 82 || 458.5 || 401.4 || || 390 || 411.1
|-
| 11 || Madhamaheshwar || 10 || under construction || || || || || ||
|-
| 12 || Tapovan Vishnugad || 520 || under construction || 22 || 803.5 || || || 513 || 1267
|-
| 13 || Shrinagar || 330 || under construction || || || || || ||
|-
| 14 || Singoli Bhatwari || 99 || under construction || || || || || ||
|}
There are 23 other proposed projects in the Alaknanda river basin through which the power-potential of the Alaknanda and its tributaries can be harnessed. The proposed 23 hydel-projects are as follows -
# Alaknanda (Badrinath) (300 MW)
# Bagoli (72 MW)
# Bowla Nandprayag (132 MW)
# Chuni Semi (60 MW)
# Deodi (60 MW)
# Devsari Dam (255 MW)
# Gaurikund (18.6 MW)
# Gohana Tal (60 MW)
# Jelam Tamak (60 MW)
# Karnaprayag (160 MW)
# Lakshmanganga (4.4 MW)
# Lata Tapovan (310 MW)
# Maleri Jelam (55 MW)
# Nandprayag Langasu (141 MW)
# Padli Dam (27 MW)
# Phata-Byung (10.8 MW)
# Rambara (24 MW)
# [[Rishiganga]] I (70 MW)
# Rishiganga II (35 MW)
# Tamak Lata (280 MW)
# Urgam II (3.8 MW)
# Utyasu Dam (860 MW)
# Vishnugad Pipalkoti (444 MW)

==Towns along the Alaknanda River==
As the river flows, the towns along its banks are [[Badrinath]], [[Vishnuprayag]], [[Joshimath]], [[Chamoli]], [[Nandaprayag]], [[Karnaprayag]], [[Rudraprayag]], [[Srinagar, Uttarakhand|Srinagar]] and [[Devprayag]]. At each town with suffix prayag, Alaknanda meets another river.

==Photo gallery==
<gallery>
Image: Rudraprayag - Confluence of Alaknanda and Mandakini.JPG|[[Rudraprayag]] - [[confluence]] of Alaknanda and [[Mandakini River|Mandakini]]
Image:Alaknanda near Srinagar.JPG|Alaknanda river near the town of Srinagar in Uttarakhand
Image: Devprayag - Confluence of Bhagirathi and Alaknanda.JPG|Alaknanda joins [[Bhagirathi]] at [[Devprayag]] to form the [[Ganges]]
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[2013 North India floods]]
* [[2021 Uttarakhand flood]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Alaknanda River}}
* [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/12086/Alaknanda-River Alaknanda River] ''[[Britannica.com]]''
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090520150732/http://www.gmvnl.com/newgmvn/districts/chamoli/prayags.aspx Prayags] at ''GMVN''

{{Hydrography of Uttarakhand}}

{{coord|30|08|N|78|36|E|display=title|region:IN_type:river_source:GNS-enwiki}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Rivers of Uttarakhand]]
[[Category:Tributaries of the Ganges]]
[[Category:Geography of Chamoli district]]
[[Category:Rafting]]
[[Category:Adventure tourism in India]]
[[Category:Rudraprayag district]]
[[Category:Pauri Garhwal district]]
[[Category:Rivers of India]]

Alaknanda River - Revision history

KatherinLigertwo: quick add content for clarity and fixed typos based on references

139.5.251.190: /* Overview */

183.87.179.54 at 09:06, 10 May 2021