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	<title>Al-Tawhid Brigade - Revision history</title>
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	<updated>2026-08-29T08:56:24Z</updated>
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		<title>GAURI PARIHAR: formatting fix</title>
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		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;formatting fix&lt;/p&gt;
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		<title>-&gt;Citation bot: Alter: template type. Add: newspaper. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by BrownHairedGirl | Linked from User:BrownHairedGirl/Articles_with_bare_links | #UCB_webform_linked 468/2193</title>
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		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Alter: template type. Add: newspaper. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.bharatpedia.org/wiki/BP:UCB&quot; class=&quot;extiw&quot; title=&quot;wp:UCB&quot;&gt;Use this bot&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.bharatpedia.org/wiki/BP:DBUG&quot; class=&quot;extiw&quot; title=&quot;wp:DBUG&quot;&gt;Report bugs&lt;/a&gt;. | Suggested by BrownHairedGirl | Linked from User:BrownHairedGirl/Articles_with_bare_links | #UCB_webform_linked 468/2193&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{infobox war faction&lt;br /&gt;
| name         = al-Tawhid Brigade&lt;br /&gt;
| native_name  = لواء التوحيد&lt;br /&gt;
| native_name_lang = ar&lt;br /&gt;
| war          = the [[Syrian Civil War]]&lt;br /&gt;
| image        = Tawhid Brigades.jpg&lt;br /&gt;
| image_size   = 200px&lt;br /&gt;
| caption      = Official logo of the Tawhid Brigade&lt;br /&gt;
| active       = 18 July 2012—2014 &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(central group, some remnants still use the name)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| ideology     = [[Sunni]] [[Islamism]]&lt;br /&gt;
| leaders      = {{plain list|&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Abdul Qader Saleh]]{{KIA}}&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Islamistbrigadestrike&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/2/8/86539/World/Region/Syria-air-strike-hits-Islamist-brigade-leadership.aspx Syria air strike hits Islamist brigade leadership] [[Al Ahram]] (AFP), 15 November 2013&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-syria-crisis-commander-idUSBRE9AH03H20131118 Top Syrian rebel commander dies from wounds] (Reuters), 18 November 2013&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(Top Commander July 2012–November 2013)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Adnan Bakkour{{KIA}}&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2014/02/al-qaeda-fighters-kill-syrian-rebel-leader-2014229511898140.html Al-Qaeda fighters kill Syrian rebel leaders] [[Al-Jazeera]], 2 February 2014&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(Top Commander November 2013–January 2014)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Abdelaziz Salameh&amp;lt;ref name=ceip26dec&amp;gt;{{Cite news|title=The Levant Front: Can Aleppo&amp;#039;s Rebels Unite?|url=http://carnegieendowment.org/syriaincrisis/?fa=57605|date=26 December 2014|access-date=30 January 2015|publisher=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(Top Commander January 2014-?)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Maj. Mohammed Hamadeen&amp;lt;ref name=bolling&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.understandingwar.org/sites/default/files/Backgrounder_RebelGroupsNorthernAleppo.pdf|title=Rebel Groups in northern Aleppo Province|work=Institute for the Study of War|author=Jeffrey Bolling|date=29 August 2012}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(Free North Brigade)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Col. [[Abdul Jabbar al-Oqaidi]]&lt;br /&gt;
* Col. Yusef al-Jader{{KIA}}&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;AhramalJader&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite news|title=Free Syrian Army top commander killed in Syria&amp;#039;s Aleppo|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/2/8/60568/World/Region/Free-Syrian-Army-top-commander-killed-in-Syrias-Al.aspx|newspaper=[[Al-Ahram]]|date=15 December 2012|access-date=23 December 2012}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(Senior commander in Aleppo)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Yussef al-Abbas{{KIA}}&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Islamistbrigadestrike&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(Intelligence chief)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
| clans       = *Free North Brigade&lt;br /&gt;
*Mountain Knights Brigade&lt;br /&gt;
*Darat Izza Brigade&lt;br /&gt;
*Aleppo Shahba Battalions &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Northern Storm Brigade]]&lt;br /&gt;
*1st Regiment&lt;br /&gt;
| headquarters = [[Aleppo]], [[Mare&amp;#039;]], and [[Tell Rifaat]]&lt;br /&gt;
| area         = {{plain list|&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Aleppo Governorate]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Homs Governorate]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Raqqa Governorate]]&lt;br /&gt;
}} of [[Syria]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/ArjDnn/status/609762274941792256|title=A Dunon on Twitter}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| size     = 10,000 (own claim)&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (Nov 2012)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=Atassi/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;11,000&amp;lt;small&amp;gt; (Oct 2013)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;AlMonitorTawheed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite news|title=The Story of Al-Tawhid Brigade: Fighting for Sharia in Syria|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/security/2013/10/syria-opposition-islamists-tawhid-brigade.html|publisher=[[Al-Monitor]] ([[As-Safir]])|date=22 October 2013|access-date=22 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140925033432/http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/security/2013/10/syria-opposition-islamists-tawhid-brigade.html|archive-date=25 September 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| partof       = {{plain list|&lt;br /&gt;
* {{flagdeco|Syrian opposition}} [[Free Syrian Army]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/ground-zero/syria-the-free-syrian-army|title=Syria - The Free Syrian Army|publisher=Vice|date=22 December 2012|access-date=17 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140518025303/http://www.vice.com/ground-zero/syria-the-free-syrian-army|archive-date=18 May 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* {{flagicon image|People&amp;#039;s Protection Units Flag.svg|border=}} [[Euphrates Volcano]] ({{small|eastern branch only, 2014}})&amp;lt;ref name=volcano&amp;gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/syrian-kurdish-leader-hails-euphrates-volcano-fight-against-1988594600|title=Syrian Kurdish leader hails &amp;#039;Euphrates Volcano&amp;#039; fight against IS|work=[[Middle East Eye]]|author=Jonathan Steele|date=12 September 2014}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* {{flagicon image|Flag of the Islamic Front (Syria) (Black).svg}} [[Islamic Front (Syria)|Islamic Front]] ({{small|2013–2014}})&lt;br /&gt;
* {{flagicon image|Insignia of the Syrian Revolutionary Command Council.svg|border=}} [[Syrian Revolutionary Command Council]] ({{small|2014}})&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=http://carnegieendowment.org/syriaincrisis/?fa=57350|title=The Revolutionary Command Council: Rebel Unity in Syria?|work=Carnegie Endowment of International Peace|date=1 December 2014|access-date=1 December 2014}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Syrian Islamic Liberation Front]] &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(2012–2013)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
| merger_of    = *Free North Brigade&lt;br /&gt;
*Mountain Knights Brigade&lt;br /&gt;
*Darat Izza Brigade&lt;br /&gt;
*Aleppo Shahba Battalions&lt;br /&gt;
| allies       = {{flag|Qatar}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{flagicon image|Flag of the Al-Nusra Front.svg}} [[al-Nusra Front]] ({{small|until 2013}})&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;AlMonitorTawheed&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;TOI&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/warring-rebel-groups-abduct-each-others-members-in-syria/|title=Warring Syrian rebel groups abduct each other&amp;#039;s members|date=18 May 2013|publisher=Times of Israel|access-date=3 October 2013}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{flagicon image|Ahrar al-Sham Black Standard.svg}} [[Ahrar ash-Sham]]&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;IslamistBlocSyria&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite news|title=New Islamist Bloc Declares Opposition to National Coalition and US Strategy|url=http://www.joshualandis.com/blog/major-rebel-factions-drop-exiles-go-full-islamist/|author=Aron Lund|publisher=Syria Comment|date=24 September 2013|access-date=25 September 2013}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{flagicon image|Jaysh Al Islam black flag.svg}} [[Jaysh al-Islam]]&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;IslamistBlocSyria&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{flagicon image|Flag of the Sham Legion.svg}} [[Sham Legion]]&amp;lt;ref name=ngs&amp;gt;{{cite news|url=http://notgeorgesabra.wordpress.com/2014/05/17/freedom-human-rights-rule-of-law-the-goals-and-guiding-principles-of-the-islamic-front-and-its-allies/|title=Freedom, Human Rights, Rule of Law: The Goals and Guiding Principles of the Islamic Front and Its Allies|date=17 May 2014|access-date=17 May 2014|work=Democratic Revolution, Syrian Style}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{flagdeco|Rojava}}{{flagdeco|Syrian opposition}} [[Kurdish Front]] ({{small|2014}})&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/03/syria-kurds-pyd-ypg-isis-rebels-kobani-afrin.html|title=Syrian Kurds, rebels find common enemy in ISIS|last=van Wilgenburg|first=Wladimir|date=27 March 2014|work=Al Monitor|access-date=16 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140328011258/http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/03/syria-kurds-pyd-ypg-isis-rebels-kobani-afrin.html|archive-date=28 March 2014|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{flagicon image|People&amp;#039;s Protection Units Flag.svg|border=no}} [[People&amp;#039;s Protection Units]] ({{small|sometimes, 2014}})&amp;lt;ref name=volcano/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{flag|Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant}} ({{small|2013}})&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.aymennjawad.org/13884/analyzing-events-in-azaz|title=Analyzing Events in Azaz: A Detailed Look At ISIS&amp;#039; Takeover|author=Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi|author-link=Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi|date=10 October 2013}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| opponents    =  &lt;br /&gt;
{{flag|Syria}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{flagdeco|Syrian Opposition}} [[Jabhat Ghuraba al-Sham|Ghuraba al-Sham Front]]&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;TOI&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{flag|Hezbollah}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{flag|Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant}} ({{small|2014}})&amp;lt;ref name=ngs/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{flagicon image|People&amp;#039;s Protection Units Flag.svg|border=no}} [[People&amp;#039;s Protection Units]] ({{small|2012–2014}})&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;almon&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2013/06/syria-rebels-kurdish-militias-clash.html|title=Syrian Rebels Clash With Kurdish Militias|date=9 June 2013|publisher=Al Monitor|access-date=5 July 2013}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| battles      = [[Syrian Civil War]] &lt;br /&gt;
* [[Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–2013)]]&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;taz&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite web| url = https://taz.de/Buergerkrieg-in-Syrien/!5070428/| title =Bürgerkrieg in Syria: Jedem seine eigene Rebellengruppe |trans-title=Civil war in Syria: Everyone has their own rebel group| work = TAZ |language=German| date = 28 March 2013 | access-date = 19 October 2021}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–2014)]]&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;taz&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Siege of Menagh Air Base]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Battle of al-Qusayr (2013)]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[2013 Latakia offensive]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian Civil War|Syrian opposition-ISIL conflict]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Northern Aleppo offensive (February–July 2014)]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Siege of Kobanî]]&lt;br /&gt;
|designated_as_terror_group_by={{SYR}}&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;https://russiancouncil.ru/en/syria-extremism#lt&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{UAE}}&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://wam.ae/en/details/1395272478814&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;al-Tawhid Brigade&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; ({{lang-ar-at|لواء التوحيد|Liwa al-Tawhid|lit=Brigade of Oneness}}), named after [[Tawhid]], the &amp;quot;oneness of God,&amp;quot; but often mistranslated as &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Unity Brigade&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, was an armed Islamist [[Syrian Opposition|insurgent group]] involved in the [[Syrian Civil War]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The al-Tawhid Brigade was formed in 2012.&amp;lt;ref name=bbc2012/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=TRAC/&amp;gt; Reportedly backed by [[Qatar]],&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-syria-crisis-aleppo-idUSBRE9AE04320131115 Syrian air raid kills rebel commander in Aleppo: activists] [[Reuters]], 14 November 2013&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; al-Tawhid was considered one of the biggest groups in northern Syria, dominating much of the insurgency around Aleppo.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;TRAC&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Affiliated with the [[Muslim Brotherhood]],&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;AhramalJader&amp;quot; /&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;AlMonitorTawheed&amp;quot;/&amp;gt; in late 2013 it co-signed a joint statement calling for [[Sharia]] law and rejecting the authority of the [[Syrian National Coalition]].&amp;lt;ref name=Roggio&amp;gt;{{cite web |author=Bill Roggio |title=Free Syrian Army units ally with al Qaeda, reject Syrian National Coalition, and call for sharia |url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2013/09/free_syrian_army_uni.php |publisher=The Long War Journal |date=26 September 2013 |access-date=7 December 2015}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Originally, al-Tawhid was composed of four subunits, the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Mountain Knights Brigade&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Darat Izza Brigade&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Free North Brigade&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, and the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Aleppo Shahba Battalions&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.&amp;lt;ref name=bolling/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Its leader [[Abdul Qader Saleh]] was killed in November 2013 in a devastating [[Syrian Air Force]] airstrike.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/syrian-rebel-leader-abdul-qader-saleh-dies-of-injuries-sustained-in-airstrike/2013/11/18/ee71c086-5046-11e3-9ee6-2580086d8254_story.html|title=Syrian rebel leader Abdul Qader Saleh dies of injuries sustained in airstrike|last1=Sly|first1=Liz|last2=Morris|first2=Loveday|date=November 18, 2013|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=February 26, 2019}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Its northern branch, the &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Free North Brigade&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, was in 2014 reportedly &amp;quot;superseded&amp;quot; by the [[Northern Sun Battalion]] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;(Shams al-Shamal)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.&amp;lt;ref name=Landis14Oct&amp;gt;{{cite web |author=Joshua Landis |author-link=Joshua Landis |title=The Dawn of Freedom Brigades: Analysis and Interview |url=http://www.joshualandis.com/blog/profile-tajammu-alwiya-fajr-al-hurriya/ |date=2 October 2014 |access-date=7 December 2015}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Branches ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Tawhid Brigade consisted was organized into three branches:&lt;br /&gt;
* The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Free North Brigade&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, as the largest subunit of the Tawhid Brigade, was present in the [[Kilis]] Corridor and took over the leadership of several subunits in [[al-Bab]] to the east of Aleppo. On 16 June 2017, remnants of the group using its name joined the [[Sham Legion]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.qasioun.net/ar/news/show/75737/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B6%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89_%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85|title=Brigade North are free to announce joining the Sham Corps|work=Qasioun News Agency|date=16 June 2017|access-date=17 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170619072416/http://qasioun.net/ar/news/show/75737/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B6%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87_%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89_%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85|archive-date=19 June 2017|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Mountain Knights Brigade&amp;#039;&amp;#039; operated in the southwest of [[Aleppo Governorate]] near the border with the [[Idlib Governorate]] and the city of [[Atarib]].&lt;br /&gt;
* The &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Darat Izza Brigade&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, named after the town of [[Darat Izza]], operated in the western part of the city of [[Aleppo]].&amp;lt;ref name=bolling/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By March 2013, the al-Tawhid Brigade had become active in northeastern and eastern Syria as well, where one of its representatives, Sheikh Saif, tried to set up a loose coalition of Islamist groups known as &amp;quot;Dschabhat Islami&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;taz&amp;quot; /&amp;gt; Around June 2013, the militia was reorganised into nearly 30 sub-factions.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;ctc270813&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.ctc.usma.edu/posts/the-non-state-militant-landscape-in-syria|title=The Non-State Militant Landscape in Syria|last=Lund|first=Aron|publisher=[[CTC Sentinel]]|date=2013-08-27|access-date=2013-08-28}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In November 2013, the Elite Islamic Battalion left the Tawhid Brigade.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=https://en.zamanalwsl.net/news/2252.html|title=Tawhid Brigade dismisses 6 battalions over shariah breaches SYRIA NEWS - ZAMAN ALWSL}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On 2 March 2014, the [[Northern Storm Brigade]] announced that they would join the [[Islamic Front (Syria)|Islamic Front]] under the leadership of the al-Tawhid Brigade.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2014/Mar-05/249284-northern-storm-joins-tawhid-brigade.ashx|title=Northern Storm joins Tawhid Brigade|publisher=[[The Daily Star (Lebanon)|The Daily Star]]|date=5 March 2014|access-date=25 August 2014}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Also in 2014, the [[Euphrates Jarabulus Battalions]] left to join the [[Dawn of Freedom Brigades]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
At some point, the 1st Regiment was a member group of the Tawhid Brigade.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
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===Formation===&lt;br /&gt;
The al-Tawhid Brigade was formed in 2012 in order to coordinate the [[Battle of Aleppo (2012–2013)|Battle of Aleppo]],&amp;lt;ref name=bbc2012&amp;gt;{{cite news|title=Syria: Fear and hunger amid battle for Aleppo|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-19042700|last=Panell|first=Ian|publisher=BBC|date=30 July 2012|access-date=30 July 2012}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; with the stated mission to found a &amp;quot;civil state in Syria with Islam being the main source of legislation.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref name=TRAC&amp;gt;{{cite web |title=Liwaa al-Tawhid Brigade |publisher=Terrorism Research &amp;amp; Analysis Consortium |url=http://www.trackingterrorism.org/group/liwaa-al-tawhid-brigade |access-date=7 October 2015}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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===Activities===&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Al-Tawhid Brigade deface image of Bashar al-Assad on the Hama-Raqqa road.png|left|thumb|Fighters of the al-Tawhid Brigade deface an image of President [[Bashar al-Assad]] on the road between [[Hama]] and Raqqa on 27 March 2013.]]&lt;br /&gt;
In November 2012, the Tawhid Brigade announced their support for the [[Syrian National Coalition]] but called for greater representation in the coalition. The brigade&amp;#039;s leadership called for &amp;quot;a civil state where the basis of legislation is the Islamic faith, with consideration for all the [minority] groups of Syria&amp;quot;. They thereby implicitly rejected an earlier statement they had made, with other local factions, which had called for an Islamic state in Syria and denouncing the Syrian National Coalition.&amp;lt;ref name=Atassi&amp;gt;{{cite news|title=Aleppo rebels retract rejection of coalition|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2012/11/2012112016567298627.html|last=Atassi|first=Basma|publisher=[[Al Jazeera]]|date=20 November 2012|access-date=22 November 2012}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite news|title=Aleppo and the Battle for the Syrian Revolution&amp;#039;s Soul|url=http://carnegieendowment.org/2012/12/04/u.s.-fiscal-cliff-risks-dragging-global-economy-into-darkness/eq10|last=Lund|first=Aron|publisher=[[Carnegie Endowment for International Peace]]|date=4 December 2012|access-date=3 June 2013}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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In January 2013, the Tawhid Brigade announced on its website that it had become a member of the [[Syrian Islamic Liberation Front]].&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;tawhid&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=http://lewaaltawheed.com/?p=2869|title=انضمام لواء التوحيد لجبهة تحرير سوريا الاسلامية|access-date=24 January 2013|archive-date=14 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130114054014/http://lewaaltawheed.com/?p=2869|url-status=dead}} Official Website (in Arabic)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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In May 2013, the [[hell cannon]], a mortar-like improvised firearm designed and built by the insurgent group Free North Brigade, was first noted in the press.&amp;lt;ref name=moses&amp;gt;{{cite web |url=http://brown-moses.blogspot.com/2013/05/diy-weapons-in-syria-hell-cannon.html |title=DIY Weapons In Syria - The Hell Cannon  |work=Brown Moses Blog |author=Brown Moses |author-link=Brown Moses |date=23 May 2013 |access-date=December 13, 2014}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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In June 2013, Tawhid Brigade sent over 300 fighters under the command of Saleh and the Aleppo Military Council&amp;#039;s Obaidi to the [[Battle of al-Qusayr (2013)|Battle of al-Qusayr]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.aa.com.tr/en/news/184261--tawhid-brigade-in-aleppo-sends-support-units-to-al-qusayr|title=Tawhid Brigade in Aleppo sends support units to al-Qusayr Anadolu Agency|publisher=Aa.com.tr|access-date=2013-11-22}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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In August 2013, the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] (ISIL), the [[al-Nusra Front]], [[Ahrar al-Sham]], the [[Suqour al-Sham Brigade]], and the al-Tawhid Brigade announced that they would besiege the [[YPG]]-held city of [[Kobanî]]. However, [[inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian Civil War|infighting]] between the groups erupted in January 2014 and some of them began to align with the YPG under the name of the [[Euphrates Islamic Liberation Front]]. In March 2014, ISIL captured [[Sarrin]] and several other towns and villages from the YPG and the EILF. Clashes continued through May 2014.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=http://iswresearch.blogspot.com/2014/09/ypg-and-rebel-forces-challenge-isis-in.html |title=YPG and Rebel Forces Challenge ISIS in Northern Syria |work=Institute for the Study of War |author=Joseph Sax |date=19 September 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170219180336/http://iswresearch.blogspot.com/2014/09/ypg-and-rebel-forces-challenge-isis-in.html |archive-date=19 February 2017 }}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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On 22 September 2013, the Tawhid Brigade joined the [[Islamic Front (Syria)|Islamic Front]] coalition. The group was formed largely from the [[Syrian Islamic Front]] and the [[Syrian Islamic Liberation Front]], both of which were officially dissolved in the process.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite web|url = http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2013/11/23/islamists-forge-syrias-rebel-alliance|title = Islamists forge Syria&amp;#039;s rebel alliance|publisher = SBS World News}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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On 24 September 2013, the Tawhid Brigade co-signed a statement with 11 other rebel groups which called for [[Sharia]] law and, allying with [[al-Qaeda]], rejected the authority of the [[Syrian National Coalition]].&amp;lt;ref name=Roggio /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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===Disintegration===&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Tawhid Brigade and Conquest Brigade T-62.png|250px|left|thumb|A [[T-62]] [[main battle tank]] operated by the Tawhid Brigade in [[Tell Rifaat]], September 2013.]]&lt;br /&gt;
On 14 November 2013, a Syrian Air Force airstrike bombarded an army base held by the al-Tawhid brigade in Aleppo killing a commander by the name of Youssef al-Abbas also injuring two others including al-Tawhid&amp;#039;s head commander [[Abdul Qader Saleh]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-syria-crisis-aleppo-idUSBRE9AE04320131115|title=Syrian air raid kills rebel commander in Aleppo: activists|date=15 November 2016|via=Reuters}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Saleh subsequently died of his wounds in a Turkish hospital.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/thomson-reuters/131117/top-syrian-rebel-commander-dies-wounds Top Syrian rebel commander dies from wounds]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Following the death of Saleh, the Tawhid Brigade reportedly suffered serious internal divisions and lost considerable members in defections to other rebel factions. They also experienced a sharp reduction in military assistance from Gulf states, due to US pressure to support more moderate rebel groups.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;cnn15Aug&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{Cite news|title=As ISIS closes in, is it game over for Syria&amp;#039;s opposition in Aleppo?|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/08/15/opinion/syria-aleppo-isis-threat/|date=15 August 2014|access-date=25 August 2014|publisher=CNN}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;fp30july&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{Cite news|title=Too Big to Fall|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/articles/2014/07/30/too_big_to_fall_syria_aleppo_assad|date=30 July 2014|access-date=25 August 2014|publisher=Foreign Policy}}{{subscription required}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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On 10 September 2014, the Tawhid Brigade&amp;#039;s eastern branch became a founding member group of the [[Euphrates Volcano]] operations room based in [[Kobanî]].&amp;lt;ref name=volcano/&amp;gt; By October 2014, al-Tawhid had seen many of its eastern Aleppo province affiliates becoming defunct but re-emerging as break-off groups, and its northern branch &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Free North Brigade&amp;#039;&amp;#039; being &amp;quot;superseded&amp;quot; by the [[Northern Sun Battalion]] &amp;#039;&amp;#039;(Shams al-Shamal)&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.&amp;lt;ref name=Landis14Oct /&amp;gt; Some remnants of the Tawhid Brigade near [[Azaz]] allied itself with the [[People&amp;#039;s Protection Units]] and received equipment and training from the [[CIA]] in late 2014.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/09/turkey-kurdistan-iraq-syria-us-isis-pkk-global-legitimacy.html|title=Fight against IS helps PKK gain global legitimacy|work=Al-Monitor|author=Amberin Zaman|author-link=Amberin Zaman|date=16 September 2014|access-date=20 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627200305/http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/09/turkey-kurdistan-iraq-syria-us-isis-pkk-global-legitimacy.html|archive-date=27 June 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Their fighters became a core part of the [[Levant Front]] as of 2015.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=https://docs.google.com/document/d/1aI3yAmNGW1vLpJCOrhiVLqpUUIX9PG1RNsCqJGGfhxI/edit|title=Syrian Civil War factions}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; However, in October 2016, 4 &amp;quot;battalions&amp;quot; of rebels in Aleppo using the flag of the Tawhid Brigade left the [[Levant Front]] and joined the [[Nour al-Din al-Zenki Movement]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite tweet |user= Syria_Rebel_Obs|number= 787311170369847296|date= 15 October 2016|title= Liwa al-Tawhid (ONLY 4 battalions who defected from Jabhat ash-Shamiyah, retaking old brigade name) joining Nur ad-Din Zenki in #Aleppo.}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==See also==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[List of armed groups in the Syrian Civil War]]&lt;br /&gt;
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== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{Reflist|30em}}&lt;br /&gt;
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==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AGIky5lrRMo The formation of the Tawhid Brigade on 18 July 2012]&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://www.youtube.com/user/lewaaltawheed Youtube channel]&lt;br /&gt;
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{{Sister project links|commons=Category:Syrian Civil War (2011-present)|n=Category:2011 Syria anti-government protests|wikt=no|b=no|q=no|s=no|v=no|species=no|display=the Syrian civil war}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{2011 Syrian uprising}}&lt;br /&gt;
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[[Category:Muslim Brotherhood]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Sunni Islamist groups]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Anti-government factions of the Syrian civil war]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Organizations designated as terrorist by Syria]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Organizations designated as terrorist by the United Arab Emirates]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Organizations designated as terrorist in Asia]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
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