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-'''Ajrara gharana''' or '''Ajrada gharana''' founded by Kallu Khan and Meeru Khan is one of the six main traditional schools in [[tabla]] drum. The distinctiveness of this Gharana is the use of complex Bols and Meend. Pakhawaj bols are rare. The stress is on Ad and Barabar laya. It specializes in the three-time pattern. The position of the left drum is not changed, but its face is touched with the thumb.
+'''Ajrara gharana''', or '''Ajrada gharana''', is one of the six main traditional schools in [[tabla]] drum. [[Gharana]] use complex Bols and Meend. [[Pakhavaj|Pakhawaj]] [[Bol (music)|bols]] are rare. The stress is on Ad and Barabar laya. It specializes in the three-time pattern. The position of the left drum is not changed, but its face is touched with the thumb.
 ==History==
-This school was founded in the nineteenth century by Miru Khan and Kallu Khan, disciples of Sitab Khan of the [[Delhi gharana]], at the [[Ajrara]] village, in [[Uttar Pradesh]].
+This school was founded in the late 18th - early 19th century by Miru Khan and Kallu Khan, disciples of ''' Ustad Sitaab Khan''' of the [[Delhi gharana]], in [[Ajrara]], [[Meerut]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]. A notable representative of gharana has been Ustad Habibuddin Khan. [[Manju Khan Sahib|Ustad Manju Khan Sahib]], son and student of Ustad Habibuddin Khan Sahib. Currently, several disciples of '''Ustad Manju Khan Sahib''' are actively carrying forward the rich legacy of the '''Ajrada Gharana'''. Among the most notable are '''Pandit Dr. Anil Kumar Sharma''' from Ludhiana, '''Athar Khan''' '''and''' '''Parvez Khan''' from Delhi who have been devoted disciples of Ustad Manju Khan Saheb for over 30 years.
 ==Playing style==
-Clarity of sound is made possible by the propensity for using the index and middle fingers in the traditional manner. The Ajrara gharana style includes more complicated [[bol (music)|bol]] patterns than the Delhi gharana. This is because the third fingers are brought into play as well. Bols like ''Dhina GiNa'', ''Ghe Ghe Tit Kit'', ''Dha Ge Na'' etc. are most frequently used. These bols create a certain resonance. [[Pakhawaj]] bols are rarely used in this gharana.
+The Ajrara gharana style includes more complicated [[bol (music)|bol]] patterns than the Delhi gharana. This is because it also uses the third finger. Bols like ''Dhina GiNa'', ''Ghe Ghe Tit Kit'', ''Dha Ge Na,'' etc. are most frequently used. These bols create a certain resonance. [[Pakhawaj]] bols are rarely used in this gharana.
-Ustad Akram Khan is considered one of to be the torch bearers of Ajrada Gharana. [[Ustad Shakeel Ahmed Khan]], [[Ustad Ghulam Sarvar Sabri]], [[Ustad Akram Khan]], [[Shri Gulfam Sabri]] and Pandit [[Vikram Patil]] are among the finest young representatives of Ajrada gharana today. The disciples of [[Ustad Manju Khan]] Saheb are [[Anil Kumar]] from [[Ludhiana]], and [[Ustad Athar Hussain Khan]], [[Parvez Hussain]], [[Aman Ali Shahbaaz Khan]] from [[New Delhi]] whereas the disciples of Shri Mridangraj Ji are Shri Ojas Adhiya and [[Ashish Ragwani]]. These are one of the best tabla players of Ajrada Gharana in the country or rather world.
+Gheginak, gheghe, Dhadagena, Nadagena, Tadagena, etc. are used in the kayadas.
 ==References==
 * ''The Major Traditions of North Indian Tabla Drumming: A Survey Presentation Based on Performances by India's Leading Artists'', by Robert S. Gottlieb. Pub. Musikverlag E. Katzbichler, 1977. {{ISBN|978-3-8739-7300-8}}.

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{{multiple issues|
{{one source|date=September 2011}}
{{no footnotes|date=September 2011}}
}}

'''Ajrara gharana''' or '''Ajrada gharana''' founded by Kallu Khan and Meeru Khan is one of the six main traditional schools in [[tabla]] drum. The distinctiveness of this Gharana is the use of complex Bols and Meend. Pakhawaj bols are rare. The stress is on Ad and Barabar laya. It specializes in the three-time pattern. The position of the left drum is not changed, but its face is touched with the thumb.

==History==
This school was founded in the nineteenth century by Miru Khan and Kallu Khan, disciples of Sitab Khan of the [[Delhi gharana]], at the [[Ajrara]] village, in [[Uttar Pradesh]].

==Playing style==
Clarity of sound is made possible by the propensity for using the index and middle fingers in the traditional manner. The Ajrara gharana style includes more complicated [[bol (music)|bol]] patterns than the Delhi gharana. This is because the third fingers are brought into play as well. Bols like ''Dhina GiNa'', ''Ghe Ghe Tit Kit'', ''Dha Ge Na'' etc. are most frequently used. These bols create a certain resonance. [[Pakhawaj]] bols are rarely used in this gharana.

Gheginak, gheghe, Dhadagena, Nadagena or Tadagena etc. are used in the kayadas.

Ajrada is most well known for its theme and various compositions (mainly kayadas) as well as its beautiful and balanced Bayan (bass drum) work. The kayadas of Ajrada, often have an additional third line out of four. This is one of the few unique features of Ajrada Gharana kayadas.

Following is the typical Ajrada kayada based on [[Teental|Teen Taal]]:

'''DhaGe DhiNaGina ''' '''DhaTeTiReKiTaTaKaTiReKiTa''' '''DhaGeDhiNa''' '''DhaTiDhaGeTiNaGiNa'''

1 -------------------- 2 -------------------- 3 -------------------- 4

'''TaGe TiNaGiNa ''' '''TaTeTiReKiTaTaKeTiReKiTa''' '''DhaGeDhiNa''' '''DhaTiDhaGeDhiNaGiNa (First 8)'''

5 6 7 8

'''DhaGe DhiNaGiNa ''' '''DhaTeTiReKiTaTaKaTiReKiTa''' '''DhaGeDhiNa''' '''DhaTiDhaGeTiNaGiNa'''

9 10 11 12

'''TaGe TiNaGiNa ''' '''TaTeTiReKiTaTaKeTiReKiTa''' '''DhaGeDhiNa''' '''DhaTiDhaGeDhiNaGiNa (Second 8 Bits)'''

13 14 15 16

==Prominent exponents==
{{Tone|section|date=September 2015}}
Though, on the world stage Ajrada is weakly represented, the gharanas compositions are played by almost everyone. The most notable representative of this gharana has been Ustad Habibuddin Khan. Maestros like [[Ustad Amir Hussain Khan]] and [[Shaikh Dawood]] excelled in the rendition of many rare and poetic compositions of Ajrada.

[[Manju Khan Sahib]], son and student of [[Ustad Habibuddin Khan]] Sahib, is a great representative of Ajrada Gharana. So also [[Ustad Niazu Khan]] and [[Pandit Sudhirkumar Saxena]] (professor at M.S.University, Baroda, and student of Habibuddin Khan) were noted teachers. Pt. Sudhirkumar Saxena lived for many years in Baroda and also made such pupils like [[Shri. Madhukar Gurav]] and many more out of which [[Pandit Vikram Patil]] based in [[Vadodara|Baroda]] is the extraordinarily skilled exponent of the Ajrada gharana.

Pandit Vikram Patil is a global celebrity today raved for his versatility of Tabla Solo. Accompaniment to celebrity Light Music Vocalists of India and has dedicated his life to pass onto the upcoming generation the skills of the Tabla. Pandit Vikram's contribution to the world of music is immense and impeccable. His own innovations and creations of kayadas are so unique and difficult that the representatives of Ajrada gharana find it a dream to reproduce them. [[Ramzan Khan]], [[Manju Khan]] and Shri Mridangraj Ji have been students from this gharana as well. Another living exponent is [[Ustad Hashmat Ali Khan]].

Ustad Akram Khan is considered one of to be the torch bearers of Ajrada Gharana. [[Ustad Shakeel Ahmed Khan]], [[Ustad Ghulam Sarvar Sabri]], [[Ustad Akram Khan]], [[Shri Gulfam Sabri]] and Pandit [[Vikram Patil]] are among the finest young representatives of Ajrada gharana today. The disciples of [[Ustad Manju Khan]] Saheb are [[Anil Kumar]] from [[Ludhiana]], and [[Ustad Athar Hussain Khan]], [[Parvez Hussain]], [[Aman Ali Shahbaaz Khan]] from [[New Delhi]] whereas the disciples of Shri Mridangraj Ji are Shri Ojas Adhiya and [[Ashish Ragwani]]. These are one of the best tabla players of Ajrada Gharana in the country or rather world.

==References==
* ''The Major Traditions of North Indian Tabla Drumming: A Survey Presentation Based on Performances by India's Leading Artists'', by Robert S. Gottlieb. Pub. Musikverlag E. Katzbichler, 1977. {{ISBN|978-3-8739-7300-8}}.

{{coord missing|Uttar Pradesh}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ajrara Gharana}}
[[Category:Tabla gharanas]]
[[Category:Music of Uttar Pradesh]]

Ajrara gharana - Revision history

Tanwarpal Singh: content fix

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