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{{Short description|Historycal conflict in India}}

{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Afghan-Sikh Capture of Kashmir
| place = [[Kashmir]]
| partof = [[Sikh Empire|Sikh Expansion]]
| date = December 1812-February 1813
| result = Afghan-Sikh Victory<ref>{{cite book |last1=Singh |first1=Khazan |title=History and Philosophy of the Sikh Religion |date=1914 |publisher=Printed at the "Newal Kishore" Press, ld. |page=308 |url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/History_and_Philosophy_of_the_Sikh_Relig/DEAsXfFqwJQC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=rajauri+1812+jagir&pg=PA308&printsec=frontcover}}</ref>
| combatant1 = [[File:Flag of Herat until 1842.svg|30px]] [[Durrani Empire]] '''Supported by''' [[File:Sikh Empire flag.jpg|30px]] [[Sikh Empire]]
| combatant2 = Ata Khan's Kashmir state
| commander1 = [[File:Flag of Herat until 1842.svg|20px]] Wazir Fateh Khan [[File:Flag of Herat until 1842.svg|20px]] [[Azim Khan]] [[File:Sikh Empire flag.jpg|20px]] [[Dewan Mokham Chand]] [[File:Sikh Empire flag.jpg|20px]] Dal Singh Naherna [[File:Sikh Empire flag.jpg|20px]] Jodh Singh Kalsia [[File:Sikh Empire flag.jpg|20px]] Nihal Singh Attariwala
| commander2 = Ata Muhammad Khan
| strength1 = Unknown number of Afghans 12,000 Sikhs
| strength2 = Unknown
| casualties1 =
| casualties2 =
}}
{{Campaignbox Afghan-Sikh Wars}}
The '''Afghan-Sikh Capture of Kashmir''' was an expedition in 1812-1813 led by Wazir Fateh Khan against the rebellious governor of Kashmir, Ata Muhammad Khan.

==Event==
In 1809, Ata Muhammad Khan declared independence of Kashmir and became its governor.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Noelle |first1=Christine |title=State and Tribe in Nineteenth-Century Afghanistan |date=25 June 2012 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=9781136603174|page=6 |url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/State_and_Tribe_in_Nineteenth_Century_Af/ylTi-e2C_0IC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=ata+muhammad+khan+kashmir&pg=PA6&printsec=frontcover}}</ref> Wazir Fateh Khan desired to expel Ata Muhammad Khan from Kashmir for many reasons, mainly being that he had captured [[Shah Shujah Durrani]]. He was afraid that [[Maharaja Ranjit Singh]] would capture [[Attock]] and [[Peshawar]] while the Wazir was busy with Kashmir. Therefore, he striked a deal with the Maharaja and was given a chosen force of 12,000 Sikhs led by [[Dewan Mokham Chand]].<ref name="Gupta">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/HistoryOfTheSikhsVol.VTheSikhLionOfLahoremaharajaRanjitSingh/page/n133/mode/2up|title=History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799-1839)
|author=Hari Ram Gupta|date=1991|pages=122–123|isbn=9788121505154}}</ref> Both the armies joined at the [[Jhelum]] and marched alongside each other until they reached the [[Pir Panjal Range]], where [[Fateh Khan]] left the Sikh soldiers during heavy snowfall.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Griffin |first=Lepel Henry |author-link=Lepel Henry Griffin |title=Ranjit Singh |publisher=[[Clarendon Press]] |year=1892 |location=Oxford |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rNxGAAAAIAAJ}}</ref> Learning about this, Mokham Chand promised the raja of Rajouri a jagir of 25,000 rupees if he tells the Sikhs a faster path towards Kashmir.<ref name="Gupta"/> With the help of the Sikhs, the Afghans successfully captured Kashmir but broke their promise with the Sikhs and gave them none of the plunder.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Chhabra |first1=G.S |title=Advanced study in History of the Punjab |date=1960 |page=61 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.29083/page/61/mode/2up}}</ref> However, the Sikhs managed to get [[Shah Shujah Durrani]] as he feared of being a prisoner when he goes to [[Kabul]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cunningham |first1=Joseph Davey |title=A History Of The Sikhs From The Origin Of The Nation To The Battles Of The Sutlej |date=1918 |page=152 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.31113/page/n209/mode/2up}}</ref> When he reached [[Lahore]], he was forced to give up the [[Koh-i-noor]] to the Maharaja.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Husain|first=Farrukh|title=Afghanistan in the Age of Empires|publisher=Silk Road Books|year=2018|isbn=978-1527216334}}</ref> As for Kashmir, the new governor was Fateh Khan's brother [[Azim Khan]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lee |first1=Jonathan L. |title=Afghanistan A History from 1260 to the Present |date=8 March 2022 |publisher=Reaktion Books |isbn=9781789140194 |page=176 |url=https://www.google.ca/books/edition/Afghanistan/asR9DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=ata+muhammad+khan+kashmir&pg=PA176&printsec=frontcover}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Nihang]]
* [[Martyrdom in Sikhism|Martyrdom and Sikhism]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kashmir, Capture}}
[[Category:Battles involving the Sikhs]]
[[Category:History of India]]
[[Category:Conflicts in 1813]]

Afghan–Sikh capture of Kashmir (1812–1813) - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article