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← Older revision		Revision as of 23:07, 24 November 2022
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	{{Short description\|Indian naval officer}}{{Use dmy dates\|date=September ~~2022~~}}		{{Short description\|Indian naval officer}}{{Use dmy dates\|date=September 2018}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=September ~~2022~~}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=September 2018}}
	{{Infobox officeholder		{{Infobox officeholder
	\| honorific_prefix = [[Admiral (India)\|Admiral]]		\| honorific_prefix = [[Admiral (India)\|Admiral]]
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	==Early life==		==Early life==
	Chatterji was born in [[Dacca]] on 22 November 1914. He attended the [[Presidency College, Kolkata\|Presidency College]] (as a graduating student of the [[University of Calcutta]]), graduating in 1933.<ref>{{cite web \|date=December 11, 2013 \|first=Jayanta \|last=Gupta \|title=La Marts alumnus strengthens Kolkata's tryst with submarines \|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/La-Marts-alumnus-strengthens-Kolkatas-tryst-with-submarines/articleshow/27198632.cms \|website=The Times of India \|language=en}}</ref> The same year he saw a notice at the college about the relaxation of entry criteria for the [[Royal Indian Marine]]. He applied for and topped the Federal Public Service examination.<ref name=aml-first>{{cite news\|url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-77046262/navy-first-full-admiral.html\|title=Navy's first "full" Admiral\|newspaper=The Statesman\|date=2001-08-07\|accessdate=2011-10-18}}</ref><ref name="Cmde Kesnur">{{cite web \|last1=Kesnur \|first1=Cmde Srikant B. \|title=Remembering the Admiral who shed his vice and built the Navy \|url=https://thedailyguardian.com/remembering-the-admiral-who-shed-his-vice-and-built-the-navy/ \|website=The Daily Guardian \|date=15 August ~~2022~~}}</ref>		Chatterji was born in [[Dacca]] on 22 November 1914. He attended the [[Presidency College, Kolkata\|Presidency College]] (as a graduating student of the [[University of Calcutta]]), graduating in 1933.<ref>{{cite web \|date=December 11, 2013 \|first=Jayanta \|last=Gupta \|title=La Marts alumnus strengthens Kolkata's tryst with submarines \|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/La-Marts-alumnus-strengthens-Kolkatas-tryst-with-submarines/articleshow/27198632.cms \|website=The Times of India \|language=en}}</ref> The same year he saw a notice at the college about the relaxation of entry criteria for the [[Royal Indian Marine]]. He applied for and topped the Federal Public Service examination.<ref name=aml-first>{{cite news\|url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-77046262/navy-first-full-admiral.html\|title=Navy's first "full" Admiral\|newspaper=The Statesman\|date=2001-08-07\|accessdate=2011-10-18}}</ref><ref name="Cmde Kesnur">{{cite web \|last1=Kesnur \|first1=Cmde Srikant B. \|title=Remembering the Admiral who shed his vice and built the Navy \|url=https://thedailyguardian.com/remembering-the-admiral-who-shed-his-vice-and-built-the-navy/ \|website=The Daily Guardian \|date=15 August 2020}}</ref>

	==Naval career==		==Naval career==

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>Zwerubae: /* Post-Independence */

2021-06-25T12:00:19Z

Post-Independence

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{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox military person
| honorific_prefix = [[Admiral (India)|Admiral]]
| name = A K Chatterji
| birth_date = {{birth date|1914|11|22|df=y}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2001|08|06|1914|11|22}}
| birth_place = [[Dacca]], [[Bengal Presidency]], [[British India]], present day [[Dhaka]], [[Bangladesh]]
| death_place = [[New Delhi]], [[India]]
| placeofburial =
| image = Adm AK Chatterji.jpg
| caption = Admiral A.K. Chatterji (pictured wearing Vice Admiral's insignia as Commandant, NDC) | nickname =
| allegiance = {{flag|British Raj}} {{flag|India}}
| branch = {{navy|British Raj}} {{flagicon image|Naval Ensign of India.svg}} [[Indian Navy]]
| serviceyears = 1933–1970
| rank = [[File:IN_Admiral_Shoulder_curl.png|21px]] [[File:14-Indian Navy-ADM.svg|21px]] [[Admiral (India)|Admiral]]
| commands = [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]] [[Western Fleet (India)|Indian Fleet]] {{ship|INS|Delhi|1948}} ''[[HMIS Kathiawar (J155)|HMIS Kathiawar]]''
| unit =
| battles = [[World War II]] [[Liberation of Goa]] [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965]]
| awards =
| laterwork =
}}

[[Admiral (India)|Admiral]] '''Adhar Kumar Chatterji''' (4 March 1914 – 6 August 2001) was an Admiral in the [[Indian Navy]]. He served as the 6th [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]], from 4 March 1966, until 28 February 1970. He was the first Indian officer of the navy to hold the rank of full [[Admiral]]. He is credited with the transformation of the Indian Navy. He made sweeping changes and restructured the navy, creating the [[Western Naval Command|Western]] and [[Eastern Naval Command|Eastern]] Naval Commands and the [[Western Fleet (India)|Western Fleet]]. Under him, the Indian Navy also entered the submarine age, with the commissioning of {{ship|INS|Kalvari|S23}} in 1967.

==Early life==
Chatterji was born in [[Dacca]] on 22 November 1914. He attended the [[Presidency College, Kolkata|Presidency College]] (as a graduating student of the [[University of Calcutta]]), graduating in 1933.<ref>{{cite web |date=December 11, 2013 |first=Jayanta |last=Gupta |title=La Marts alumnus strengthens Kolkata's tryst with submarines |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/La-Marts-alumnus-strengthens-Kolkatas-tryst-with-submarines/articleshow/27198632.cms |website=The Times of India |language=en}}</ref> The same year he saw a notice at the college about the relaxation of entry criteria for the [[Royal Indian Marine]]. He applied for and topped the Federal Public Service examination.<ref name=aml-first>{{cite news|url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-77046262/navy-first-full-admiral.html|title=Navy's first "full" Admiral|newspaper=The Statesman|date=2001-08-07|accessdate=2011-10-18}}</ref><ref name="Cmde Kesnur">{{cite web |last1=Kesnur |first1=Cmde Srikant B. |title=Remembering the Admiral who shed his vice and built the Navy |url=https://thedailyguardian.com/remembering-the-admiral-who-shed-his-vice-and-built-the-navy/ |website=The Daily Guardian |date=15 August 2020}}</ref>

==Naval career==
===Early career===
Chatterji was one of the first Indian cadet-entry officers to join the Royal Indian Navy in 1933. After training on board the ''Indian Mercantile Marine Training Ship (IMMTS) [[Training Ship Chanakya|Dufferin]]'', he was sent to the United Kingdom. He was commissioned into the [[Royal Indian Navy]] as a [[sub-lieutenant]] on 1 September 1935. He spent four years training on different ships. On 1 September 1938, he was promoted to the rank of [[lieutenant (navy)|lieutenant]].<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=34200 |date=20 September 1935 |page=5932 |supp= |nolink=y}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette |issue=34559 |date=7 October 1938 |page=6267 |supp= |nolink=y}}</ref> In 1939, he was selected to specialise in [[anti-submarine warfare]] (ASW) and trained in the UK. He completed the course in August 1940 and was appointed an instructor at the ASW training school - [[HMS Osprey, Portland]].<ref name="Cmde Kesnur" />

===World War II===
In late 1940, he was transferred to the [[Black Swan-class sloop]] {{ship|HMIS|Sutlej|U95}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=(1537) - Navy lists > Bimonthly > 1941 > August - British Military lists - National Library of Scotland |url=https://digital.nls.uk/british-military-lists/archive/92907410 |website=digital.nls.uk}}</ref> On 1 January 1942, he was appointed the first officer-in-charge of the ASW school in India - at castle barracks.<ref>{{cite web |title=(1842) - Navy lists > Bimonthly > 1942 > October - British Military lists - National Library of Scotland |url=https://digital.nls.uk/british-military-lists/archive/93053658 |website=digital.nls.uk}}</ref><ref name="Cmde Kesnur" /> He also served on board the [[Black Swan-class sloop]] {{ship|HMIS|Jumna|U21}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=(59) - Navy lists > Quarterly > 1944 > October > Volume 1 - British Military lists - National Library of Scotland |url=https://digital.nls.uk/british-military-lists/archive/93352670 |website=digital.nls.uk}}</ref> On 23 October 1944, he was promoted to the acting rank of [[lieutenant-commander]] and appointed [[commanding officer]] of the [[Bangor-class minesweeper]] {{ship|HMIS|Kathiawar|J155}}.<ref>{{cite book|pages=3438|title=The Navy List: July 1945|publisher=HM Stationery Office|year=1945}}</ref> ''Kathiawar'' was a part of the [[Eastern Fleet]], and escorted numerous convoys between [[Africa]], [[British India]] and [[Australia]] in 1943-45.<ref name=nh-1943>{{cite web|url=http://www.naval-history.net/xDKWD-EF1943b.htm |title=Eastern Fleet War Diary 1943 |publisher=Naval-history.net |date= |accessdate=2015-08-25}}</ref><ref name=nh-1944>{{cite web|url=http://www.naval-history.net/xDKWD-EF1944-11.htm |title=East Indies Fleet War Diary 1944 |publisher=Naval-history.net |date=1944-12-30 |accessdate=2015-08-25}}</ref><ref name=nh-1945>{{cite web|url=http://www.naval-history.net/xDKWD-EF1945.htm |title=East Indies Fleet War Diary 1945 |publisher=Naval-history.net |date= |accessdate=2015-08-25}}</ref> He then was appointed officer-in-charge of the radar school HMIS Chamak in [[Karachi]].<ref name="Cmde Kesnur" /> He was promoted to substantive lieutenant-commander on 1 September 1946.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=37893 |date=28 February 1947 |page=998 |supp= |nolink=y}}</ref> In January 1947, he was selected to attend the [[Royal Naval College, Greenwich]] in the UK.<ref name="Cmde Kesnur" />

===Post-Independence===
Chatterji completed the staff course and returned to India in August 1947. He was hand-picked by the handpicked by the Chief of Staff to the [[Commander-in-Chief, Royal Indian Navy]] [[Commodore (India)|Commodore]] [[Martin Henry St. Leger Nott]] to head Plan directorate as the Director of Naval Planning at Naval HQ in the rank of [[Commander]]. Among the officers serving under him in the directorate was Lieutenant Commander [[Nilakanta Krishnan]].{{sfn|Krishnan|2014|p=141}} During this stint, he was the lead author of the Plan paper of 1948.<ref name="Cmde Kesnur" /> In February 1949, he was appointed Commander ([[Executive Officer]]) of the [[flagship]] {{ship|INS|Delhi|C74}} and replaced Commander [[Ram Dass Katari]].{{sfn|Katari|1983}} In June 1950, he was promoted to the acting rank of [[Captain (Indian Navy)|Captain]] and appointed [[commanding officer]] of the ''Delhi''. He was the first Indian officer to command the ship. He relinquished command, handing over to Captain [[S. G. Karmarkar]] in October 1950.<ref name="Cmde Kesnur" />

In November 1950, Chatterji was appointed the [[Military attaché|Naval Adviser]] (NA) to the [[List of High Commissioners of India to the United Kingdom|High Commissioner of India to the United Kingdom]]. He served as the NA to High Commissioners [[V. K. Krishna Menon]] and [[B. G. Kher]]. He oversaw the training of hundreds naval cadets and junior officers in the UK. He was promoted to the substantive rank of captain on 30 June 1951.<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=133 |date=14 July 1951 |work=The Gazette of India}}</ref> In December 1952, he was appointed Captain (D) 11th Destroyer Flotilla as well as the Commanding Officer of the lead destroyer of the squadron {{ship|INS|Rajput|D141}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=Press Information Bureau (Defence Wing) |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1952-JULY-DEC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1952-12-18_336.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=18 December 1952}}</ref> But the orders were cancelled and he took command of the ''Delhi'' for the second time in January 1953.<ref name="PIB Bio - NDC">{{cite web |title=Vice Admiral A.K. Chatterji |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1965-AUG-DECC-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1965-11-26_391.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=26 November 1965}}</ref> In mid-1953, to commemorate the [[Coronation of Elizabeth II]], a massive Coronation review of the fleet was held at [[Portsmouth]]. The flagship ''INS Delhi'', commanded by Chatterji, destroyer ''INS Ranjit'', commanded by Commander [[Sardarilal Mathradas Nanda]], and the frigate {{ship|INS|Tir|K256}}, commanded by Commander [[Nilakanta Krishnan]], represented India at the review. A naval armada consisting of ships from the Indian Navy, [[Royal Navy]], [[Royal Australian Navy]] and the [[Royal New Zealand Navy]] sailed from Portsmouth to Gibraltar. The fleet carried out exercises along the way and was under the command of [[Lord Mountbatten]].{{sfn|Katari|1983}}{{sfn|Nanda|2004|p=78-81}}

In November 1954, Chatterji was promoted to the acting rank of [[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]]. This made him the fourth Indian naval officer to be promoted to this rank, after [[Ajitendu Chakraverti]], Ram Dass Katari and [[Bhaskar Sadashiv Soman]].<ref name="COMBAY">{{cite web |title=Change in Bombay Naval Command |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1954%20DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1954-11-15_334.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=15 November 1954}}</ref> He was appointed the Commodore-in-Charge Bombay (COMBAY), taking over from Chakraverti. The Bombay Command was the predecessor of the [[Western Naval Command]]. He held this appointment for two years, till November 1956. In October 1956, Chatterji was selected to attend the [[Imperial Defence College]] (IDC) and embarked for the UK in early 1957.<ref>{{cite web|title=Commodore Soman to Take Over Bombay Command|url=http://pibarchive.nic.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1956-JULY-DEC-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1956-10-15_166.pdf|website=Press Information Bureau of India - Archive|date=15 October 1956}}</ref> After completing the year-long course, he returned to India and was appointed the [[Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff]] on 8 February 1958.<ref>{{cite web |title=New Deputy Chief of Naval Staff |url=http://pibarchive.nic.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1962-JAN-DEC-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1962-05-14_188.pdf |website=pibarchive.nic.in |date=14 May 1962}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=74 |date=29 March 1958 |work=The Gazette of India}}</ref>

===Flag Rank===
On 5 March 1959, the appointment was upgraded to [[two-star rank]] and Chatterji was promoted to the acting rank of [[Rear Admiral]].<ref name="Radm">{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=124 |date=23 May 1959 |url=http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/1959/O-1985-1959-0021-89539.pdf|publisher=The Gazette of India}}</ref> Promotion to the substantive rank of Rear Admiral followed, on 5 March 1960.<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=134 |date=4 June 1960 |work=The Gazette of India}}</ref>

In May 1962, Chatterji took over as the fourth [[Flag Officer Commanding Indian Fleet]].<ref>{{cite web |title=New Naval Chief |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1962-JAN-DEC-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1962-04-21_163.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=21 April 1962}}</ref> The [[aircraft carrier]] {{ship|INS|Vikrant|R11}} had joined the Indian Navy in 1961 and was the [[flagship]]. AS commanding officer, Chatterji flew his flag on the ''Vikrant''. In September 1962, he led the fleet in joint naval-air exercises in the Arabian Sea. Taking part were the aircraft embarked on the ''Vikrant'', the aircraft from the [[Naval air station]] [[INS Garuda]] and the aircraft of the [[Indian Air Force]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Combined Naval-Air Exercises |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1963-OCTOBER-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1962-09-02_098.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=2 September 1962}}</ref> In mid-1963, Chatterji led the fleet in exercises in the Arabian Sea, Indian Ocean and the Bay of Bengal. After this, the fleet called on ports in Malaya, Singapore and Thailand. During the exercise and goodwill visit, Chatterji flew his flag on the flagship {{ship|INS|Mysore|C60}}, which became the first Indian cruiser to visit Thailand.<ref name=irfc-akchatterji>{{cite web|url=http://irfc-nausena.nic.in/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=75 |title=Admiral Adhar Kumar Chatterji |publisher=Information Resource Facilitation Centre, Indian Navy |accessdate=2011-10-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425080339/http://irfc-nausena.nic.in/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=75 |archive-date=2012-04-25 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Indian Navy's Summer Exercises Commence |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1963-JUNE-SEP-MIN-OF-DEFENCE-/PDF/DEF-1963-07-09_045.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=9 July 1963}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Singapore Welcomes INS Mysore |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1963-JUNE-SEP-MIN-OF-DEFENCE-/PDF/DEF-1963-07-22_063.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=22 July 1963}}</ref> After commanding the Indian fleet for about two years, he relinquished command, handing over to Rear Admiral S.M. Nanda.<ref>{{cite web |title=Admiral Nanda to Command Indian Fleet |url=http://pibarchive.nic.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1966-JAN-JUNE-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1966-05-24_242.pdf |website=pibarchive.nic.in |date=24 May 1966}}</ref> In January 1964, Chatterji was promoted to the acting rank of [[Vice Admiral (India)|Vice Admiral]] and appointed the second [[Commandant of the National Defence College]]. He was the first Naval Officer to hold the appointment.<ref>{{cite web |title=Admiral Chatterji Takes Over |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1964-JAN-JUNE-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1964-01-10_018.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=10 January 1964}}</ref>

===Chief of Naval Staff===
In November 1965, Chatterji was appointed the seventh [[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]]. On 4 March 1966, he took over from Vice Admiral Soman.<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=197 |date=26 March 1966 |work=The Gazette of India}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Admiral Chatterji Assumes Command of Navy Today |url=https://archive.pib.gov.in/archive/ArchiveSecondPhase/DEFENCE/1966-JAN-JUNE-MIN-OF-DEFENCE/PDF/DEF-1966-03-03_137.pdf |website=archive.pib.gov.in |date=3 March 1966}}</ref> He was confirmed in his rank of vice-admiral on 22 November 1966,<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=89 |date=4 February 1967 |work=The Gazette of India}}</ref> and was promoted to the rank of [[Admiral (India)|Admiral]] on 1 March 1968, the first Indian officer to hold the rank.<ref>{{cite news |title=Part I-Section 4: Ministry of Defence (Navy Branch) |page=245 |date=23 March 1968 |work=The Gazette of India}}</ref>

Admiral Chatterji retired from the Indian Navy on 28 February 1970.<ref name=irfc-akchatterji/>

==Death==
Admiral Chatterji died in [[New Delhi]].<ref name=hindu-obit>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/revents/04/20010408.htm |title=Obituary: Events in August 2001 |newspaper=The Hindu |accessdate=2011-10-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101130102340/http://hindu.com/thehindu/revents/04/20010408.htm |archive-date=2010-11-30 }}</ref>

==Citations==
<references/>

==References==
*{{citation|last1=Katari|first1=Ram Dass|title=A Sailor Remembers|year=1983|isbn=9780706920642|publisher=Vikas}}
*{{citation|first1=Arjun|last1=Krishnan|title=A Sailor's Story|year=2014|isbn=978-8189534141|publisher=Punya Publications}}
*{{citation|first1=S.M.|last1=Nanda|title=The man who bombed Karachi|year=2004|isbn= 978-8172235628|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers India}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-mil}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Bhaskar Sadashiv Soman]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Chief of the Naval Staff]]|years=1966–1970}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Sardarilal Mathradas Nanda]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Lieutenant General (India)|Lieutenant General]] [[Kanwar Bahadur Singh]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Commandant of the National Defence College]]|years=1964–1966}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Air Marshal (India)|Air Marshal]] [[Ramaswamy Rajaram]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Bhaskar Sadashiv Soman]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Flag Officer Commanding Indian Fleet]]|years=1962–1964}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Benjamin Abraham Samson]]}}
{{s-bef|rows=2|before=[[Ajitendu Chakraverti]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff (India)|Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff]]|years=1958–1962}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Sardarilal Mathradas Nanda]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Western_Naval_Command#List_of_Commanders|Commodore-in-Charge Bombay]]|years=1954–1956}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Bhaskar Sadashiv Soman]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Chief_of_the_Naval_Staff_(India)}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chatterji, Adhar Kumar}}
[[Category:1914 births]]
[[Category:2001 deaths]]
[[Category:Chiefs of the Naval Staff (India)]]
[[Category:Indian Navy admirals]]
[[Category:Flag Officers Commanding Indian Fleet]]
[[Category:Deputy Chiefs of Naval Staff (India)]]
[[Category:Commandants of National Defence College, India]]
[[Category:University of Calcutta alumni]]
[[Category:Royal Indian Navy officers]]
[[Category:Alumni of the Royal College of Defence Studies]]

Adhar Kumar Chatterji - Revision history

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>Zwerubae: /* Post-Independence */