KirkEvd85074933: updated section as per guidelines

2026-03-04T15:32:31Z

updated section as per guidelines

->GandalfalLibi: Added one of his well-known teachers

2022-01-08T21:21:13Z

Added one of his well-known teachers

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{{Infobox officeholder
|honorific-prefix =
|name = ʿAbd al-Fattah Abu Ghuddah
|native_name = عبد الفتاح بن محمد بن بشير بن حسن أبوغدة
|native_name_lang = ar
|honorific-suffix =
|image =
|imagesize =
|smallimage = 
|alt =
|caption =
|order =
|office = [[Muslim Brotherhood of Syria|Supreme Guide of the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood]]
|term_start = 1973
|term_end = 1976
|alongside = 
|vicepresident =
|viceprimeminister =
|deputy =
|lieutenant =
|monarch =
|president =
|primeminister =
|taoiseach =
|chancellor =
|governor =
|governor-general =
|governor_general =
|succeeding = 
|predecessor = [[Issam al-Attar]]
|successor = [[Adnan Saad al-Din]]
|constituency =
|majority =
|birth_date = {{birth date|1917|5|9}}
|birth_place = [[Aleppo]], [[Aleppo Vilayet]], [[Ottoman Empire]]
|death_date = {{Death date and age|1997|2|12|1917|5|9|df=yes}}
|death_place = [[Riyadh]], [[Saudi Arabia]]
|restingplace = Jannat [[Al-Baqi']], [[Medina]]
|restingplacecoordinates =
|birthname = ʿAbdul-Fattah
|citizenship = [[Syrian]]
|nationality =
|party =
|otherparty = 
|spouse =
|partner = 
|relations = Dr. 'Abdu-s-Sattaar Aboo Ghuddah (paternal nephew)
|children = Shaykh Muhammad Zahid Abu Ghuddah (eldest son); Salman Ibn 'Abdu-l-Fattaah Aboo Ghuddah (son)
|residence =
|alma_mater =
|occupation =
|profession = teacher, [[Sunni]] Islamic scholar
|cabinet =
|committees =
|portfolio =
|jurisprudence = [[Hanafi]]
|influences = [[Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi]]
|signature =
|signature_alt =
|website =
|footnotes =
}}

'''ʿAbd al-Fattah Abu Ghuddah''' ({{lang-ar|عبد الفتاح بن محمد بن بشير بن حسن أبوغدة|ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ ibn Muḥammad ibn Bashīr ibn Ḥasan Abū Ghuddah}}) (9 May 1917 – 16 February 1997) was a Syrian [[Muslim Brotherhood]] leader and [[Sunni]] [[Hanafi]] [[Muslim]] scholar. He was born in 1917 in [[Aleppo]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hamdeh|first=Emad|date=July 2017|title=The Role of the ʿUlamā' in the Thoughts of ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ Abū Ghudda|journal=The Muslim World|language=en|volume=107|issue=3|pages=359–374|doi=10.1111/muwo.12199|issn=0027-4909|url=https://commons.erau.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2604&context=publication}}</ref> He was the third Supreme Guide of the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood, taking over from [[Issam al-Attar]] in 1973.

==Early life and education==
Abu Ghuddah was born and raised in Aleppo, studying at the Academy of Islamic Studies in Aleppo and later received advanced training in psychology and education at [[Al-Azhar University]] in Cairo, Egypt.<ref name="S&S 129"/> His father, Muhammad Ansari, was known to be a pious man, and was a businessman in the textile industry. Muhammad's father, Bashir Ansari, was one of the biggest textile traders in Aleppo, and the family line could be traced back to [[Khalid ibn al-Walid]], one of the companions of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad.<ref>[http://www.sunnah.org/history/Scholars/aboghoudah.htm Shaykh Abdulfattah Abu Ghuddah (rahimahullah ta`ala) (1917 - 1997)]</ref> He manifested differences in views with [[Al-Dhahabi]] and [[Ibn Taymiyyah]].

==Teachers==
Some of his teachers whom he studied with were giants like:
#'Isa al-Bayanuni,
#Ibrahim al-Salqini,
#Muhammad Raghib al-Tabbakh,
#Muhammad al-Nashid,
#Muhammad Sa'id al-Idlibi,
#Mustafa al-Zarqa,
#Muhammad Najib Siraj al-Din
#[[Mustafa Sabri]] Effendi
#[[Muhammad Zahid Al-Kawthari]]

==Notable students==
*[[Muhammad Taqi Usmani]]<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Syed|first1=Jawad|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Mx5DQAAQBAJ|title=Faith-Based Violence and Deobandi Militancy in Pakistan|last2=Pio|first2=Edwina|last3=Kamran|first3=Tahir|last4=Zaidi|first4=Abbas|date=2016-11-09|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-349-94966-3|language=en}}</ref>
*[[Muhammad Abdul Malek]]
* [[Salman Husaini Nadwi]]

==Muslim Brotherhood==
Abu Ghuddah lived in Cairo between 1944 and 1950, during which time he met [[Hassan al-Banna]], the Founder and First General Guide of the Muslim Brotherhood. Abu Ghuddah joined the Muslim Brotherhood under the auspices of al-Banna, and became a member of the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood upon his return to Syria in 1950. He rose to prominence in Islamic circles in Aleppo, and became an instructor at his former school, Academy of Islamic Studies. In 1960 he became an instructor of theology at Damascus University along with the principles of [[Fiqh]], [[Hanafi]] Fiqh, and Comparative Fiqh. Abu Ghuddah stood for election in the [[1961 Syrian parliamentary election|1961 parliamentary election]], and was later appointed as the Mufti of Aleppo by President [[Nazim al-Kudsi]].<ref name="S&S 129">{{cite book |last=Moubayed |first=Sami M. |title=Steel and Silk: Men and Women who Shaped Syria 1900-2000 |year=2006 |publisher=Cune Press |page=129}}</ref>

Abu Ghuddah was critical of the often authoritarian policies of [[Issam al-Attar]], the Supreme Guide of the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood, who he claimed was unrestrained in his power and never consulted others on political affairs. al-Attar stepped down from the party leadership in 1962 and Abu Ghuddah replaced him as Supreme Guide of the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood.<ref name="S&S 130">{{cite book |last=Moubayed |first=Sami M. |title=Steel and Silk: Men and Women who Shaped Syria 1900-2000 |year=2006 |publisher=Cune Press |page=130}}</ref>

Abu Ghuddah was critical of the [[1966 Syrian coup d'état]] which brought [[Salah Jadid]] to the Presidency. Abu Ghuddah used his position to rally scholars, whom he encouraged to boycott the state and voice opposition to Jadid's violent policies. Ghuddah also appeared at Friday sermons in Aleppo, and encouraged Syrians to oppose Jadid's rule. Ghuddah opposed Jadid's rule extensively, and claimed Jadid did not represent the Syrian people. As a result of Ghuddah's activities in the opposition he was arrested and imprisoned in the remote [[Tadmor Prison]], where he was kept for 11 months, before being released along with all other political prisoners in 1967 as part of an amnesty following the [[Six-Day War]] with Israel.<ref name="S&S 130"/>

==Exile and death==
Abu Ghuddah left Syria and went into exile in Saudi Arabia, where he taught and researched in a variety of Islamic research at the Faculty of Islamic Sciences at [[King Saud University|Riyadh University]], and guest lectured at the [[Omdurman Islamic University|Omdurman Institute]] in Sudan.<ref name="S&S 130"/> During the early years of his exile he continued to actively opposed the Syrian government during his exile, and served as the Inspector General of the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood from 1976 to 1983, leading the [[Islamic uprising in Syria]]. Following the failure of the uprising Abu Ghuddah abandoned his political career and turned to academia. He taught at [[Jeddah]] University and published numerous works on theology.<ref name="Asad's Legacy: Syria in Transition">{{cite book |last=Zîser |first=Eyāl |title=Asad's Legacy: Syria in Transition |year=2001 |publisher=C. Hurst & Co. |page=196}}</ref> He had his personal library, which he greatly missed during his exile as he was a serious scholar who loved reading, writing, researching, and collecting books.

Abu Ghuddah later returned to Syria in December 1995 under an arrangement with the Syrian government whereby he could return to Aleppo as long as he refrained from politics and focus on academia and religion. During his stay in his native land, he suffered a heart attack and developed soreness of the eyes In mid 1996 he returned to [[Riyadh]], Saudi Arabia for medical treatment. He began to bleed from the eyes and the condition got worse despite treatment until he lost consciousness and died in [[Riyadh]] on 16 February 1997 (9 Shawwal 1417 AH) at dawn. [[Mufti]] [[Muhammad Taqi Usmani]] was greatly saddened when he received the news of the demise of his beloved teacher and "Shaikh". [[Hafez al-Assad]], the Syrian President, promptly sent condolences to the family. An official delegation, including the Minister of the Awqaf, the Governor of Aleppo, and the Chief of the Aleppo Police Department visited the family, and delivered condolences from Hafez al-Assad. Assad also offered the use of his personal plane for transporting Abu Ghuddah's body back to Syria, although he was ultimately buried in Medina near the grave of Muhammad.<ref name="Asad's Legacy: Syria in Transition"/>

==Travels==
Abu Ghuddah met [[Mufti]] [[Muhammad Shafi]] when he visited [[Damascus]] in 1956 at a conference arranged by the World Muslim Congress and later visited [[Karachi]] in 1962 to research some manuscripts in the libraries of Pakistan and India. [[Mufti]] [[Muhammad Taqi Usmani]] welcomed him at [[Darul 'Uloom Karachi]] with a speech in Arabic. Abu Ghuddah later gave [[Mufti]] [[Muhammad Taqi Usmani]] ijaazah (permission) to narrate Hadeeth from him. While teaching at [[King Saud University|Riyadh University]], he visited [[Pakistan]] several times and obtained ijaazah (permission) to narrate Hadeeth from [[Mufti]] [[Muhammad Shafi]]. He also stayed in the company [[Mawlana]] [[Sayyid]] Muhammad Yoosuf Binnori when he visited [[India]]. [[Mufti]] [[Muhammad Taqi Usmani]] admires him so much that he calls him his Shaikh.

==Works==

The number of his works is over 75. A few of them are:

===As Author===
#Hashiyah 'alaa [[Al-Sunan al-Sughra]] li-[[Al-Nasa'i]] li-l-[[Imam]] [[Al-Suyuti]] wa-l-Busairi. (5/9 volumes)
#Tahqeeqq Ismi-s-Sawheehain wa Ismu Jaami'u-t-Tirmidhee
#Sawfahaat min Sabru-l-'Ulamaa 'alaa Shada'id al-'Ilm wa-t-Tahseel
#Innhaa As-Sakan ilaa mann Yutaali'u I'laa As-Sunan (A short introduction to I'laa As-Sunan by Maulawi Muhammad [[Ashraf Ali Thanwi]] and his nephew '[[Allamah]] Zafar Ahmad Usmani)
#Qawa'id fi 'ilmu-l-Hadeeth (An extensive introduction to I'laa As-Sunan by Maulawi Muhammad [[Ashraf Ali Thanwi]] and his nephew '[[Allamah]] Zafar Ahmad Usmani.)
#Al-'Ulamaa al-'Uzzaab al-Ladheena Atharu-l-'Ilm 'ala-l-Zawaaj
#Kalimat fi Kashf Abatil wa Iftira'at - a refutation towards Shaykh [[Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani]] and Shawish
#Khuttbatu-l-Haajjah Laisatu Sunnati fee Mustahalli-l-Kutubi wa-l-Mu'allafaati Kamaa Qaawluhu-sh-Shaikh [[Muhammad Nasiruddin al-Albani]]
#Namaadhiju min Rawsaa'ili-l-A'immati-s-Salaf wa Adabuhumu-l-'Ilmee Abee Haneefah wa-l-Malik Ibbn Anas wa-l-Laith Ibbn Saa'd wa Taaw'ifah min Akhbaaru-s-Salafi fil-l-Adabii-l-Khawlaaf wa fi-l-Hifaazi 'ala-l-Mawaddati 'Inda-l-Ikhtilaaf
#Qeematu-z-Zamaan 'Inda-l-'Ulamaa
#Jawaabu-l-Haafiz Abee Muhammad 'Abbdu-l-'Azweem Al-Munndhiree Al-Misree 'Ani-l-As'ilati fee Jarhi wa-t-Ta'deel
#Masaalatu-l-Khawlaqu-l-Qur'an wa Atharhumaa fee Swufoofu-r-Rawaah wa-l-Muhadditheen wa Kutubi-l-Jarhi wa-t-Ta'deel
#Amraa' al-Mu'mineen fi'l Hadeeth
#Min Adab al-Islaam
#Ar-Rasool (S) al-Mu'allim wa Asaaleebihi fi-t-Ta'leem
#Al-Manh al-Mattloobaat fee Istihab Raf' al-Yadayn fi'l Du'aa ba'da-l-Sawlawaat Al-Maktoobaat
#Mabaadi' 'Ilmu-l-Hadeeth (An extensive introduction to Fathu-l-Mulhim bi Sharh [[Sahih Muslim]] by '[[Allamah]] [[Shabbir Ahmad Usmani]])
#Taraajimu Sittatin min Fuqawhaa Al-'Aalam Al-Islaami fi-l-Qawrni-r-Rawbi' 'Ashar
#Lamhaatu min Taarikhi-s-Sunnatu wa 'Uloomi-l-Hadeeth
#A letter to the Shaikhu-l-Hadeeth of [[Mazahir Uloom Saharanpur]], [[Muhammad Zakariya Kandhlawi]] praising his magnum opus Awjaazu-l-Masaalik which took the author 30 years to complete.

===As Editor/Contributor===
#2 Forewords to Takmilah Fathu-l-Mulhim bi Sharh [[Sahih Muslim]] by [[Mufti]] [[Muhammad Taqi Usmani]]. (1994)
#Hawaashee 'alaa [[Sunan Abu Dawood]] by [[Abu Dawood]] Sulaymān ibn al-Ash‘ath al-Azdi as-Sijistani Al-[[Hanbali]] (2 volumes) (with Shaikhu-l-Hind [[Mawlana]] [[Mahmud al-Hasan]] [[Deobandi]], '[[Allamah]] Fakhru-l-Hasan Gangohi, and Muhammad Sulaimaan Hasan)
#Risaalati-l-Imaam ilaa Ahli Makkiyah fee Wasfi Sunanih by [[Abu Dawood]] Sulaymān ibn al-Ash‘ath al-Azdi as-Sijistani Al-[[Hanbali]] (Thalaathatu Rawsaa'il fee 'Ilmi Mustawlahi-l-Hadeeth)
#At-Ta'leeq al-Mumajjad 'alaa Muwattaa' Muhammad - Muwattaa' al-Imam Malik Riwayat Muhammad ash-Shaybani (3 volumes) by [[Muhammad al-Shaybani]] and Shaykh Abu-l-Hasanaat 'Abdu-l-Hayy Al-Lacknawi
#Al-Kasb by [[Muhammad al-Shaybani]]
#Shurootwi-l-A'immata-s-Sittatih by [[Ibn Tahir of Caesarea]] (Thalaathatu Rawsaa'il fee 'Ilmi Mustawlahi-l-Hadeeth)
#Shurootwi-l-A'immata-l-Khawmsatih by Abu Bark Muhammad Ibn Musa Al-Hazmi (Thalaathatu Rawsaa'il fee 'Ilmi Mustawlahi-l-Hadeeth)
#Islamic Belief on which to Raise Children by [[Imam]] Abu Muhammad Abdullah Ibn Abu Zaid Abdu-R-Rahmaan Al-Qairawani Al-[[Maliki]]
#Risaalatu-l-Halaal wa-l-Haraam wa Ba'dd Qawa'iddhumaa fi-l-Mu'aamalati-l-Maaliyyah by [[Imam]] [[Ibn Taymiyyah]]
#Khulaasat Tadh-heeb Tahdheeb Al-Kamaal fee Asma'i Ar-Rijaal wa Itahaaf Al-Khawsaat Bi-Tas-heeh Al-Khulaasat by [[Imam]] [[Al-Dhahabi]], Safi'u-d-Deen Ahmad Al-Khazraaji, and 'Ali Ibn Salahu-d-Deen As-San'ani Al-Kawkabani.
#Dhikr Man Yu'tamid Qawluhu fi-l-Jarh wa-t-Ta'deel by [[Imam]] [[Al-Dhahabi]] in (Raawbi'u Rawsaa'il fee 'Uloomi-l-Hadeeth)
#Al-Manaaru-l-Muneef fe-s-Sawheeh wa-d-Daw'eef by [[Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya]]
#Lisaan Al-Meezaan by [[Ibn Hajar al-`Asqalani]] (9 volumes + an Index volume)
#Al-Ihkaam Fee Tamyeez Al-Fataawaa 'Ani-l-Ahkaam wa Tasawrufaat Al-Qawdee Wa-l-Imaam by [[Imam]] Shihaabu-d-Deen Abu-l-'Abbas Ahmad al-Qarafi Al-[[Maliki]].
#Fath Baab al-'Inaayah bi Sharh Kitab an-Naqayah by [[Ali al-Qari]]
#Masnoo'i fei-l-Ma'rifati-l-Hadeethi-l-Maudwoo' wa huwa-l-Maudwoo'aatu-s-Sawghree by [[Ali al-Qari]]
#Al-Ajjwibah Al-Faadilah li-l-As'iluti-l-'Ashrawtu-l-Kaamilah by Shaykh Abu-l-Hasanaat 'Abdu-l-Hayy Al-Lacknawi
#Ar-Raf' wa'l Takmil fi-l-Jarh wa-t-Ta'deel by Shaykh Abu-l-Hasanaat 'Abdu-l-Hayy Al-Lacknawi
#Zafar Al-Amaanee bi-Sharh Mukhtasawr As-Sayyid Ash-Shareef Al-Jurjaanee (fee Mustawlah Al-Hadeeth) by Shaykh Abu-l-Hasanaat 'Abdu-l-Hayy Al-Lacknawi
#Iqamat al-Hujjah 'ala anna'l Ikthar min al-Ta'abud laysa bi Bid'ah by Shaykh Abu-l-Hasanaat 'Abdu-l-Hayy Al-Lacknawi
#Sibaahatu-l-Fikr fi-l-Jahri bi-dh-Dhikr by Shaykh Abu-l-Hasanaat 'Abdu-l-Hayy Al-Lacknawi
#Risaaltu-l-Mustarshideen by Abee 'Abdullaahi-l-Haarith Ibbn Asadi-l-Muhaasibee Al-Basree (work on [[Tasawwuf]])
#At-Tasreeh bimaa Tawaatara fee Nuzooli-l-Maseeh ('A) by [[Imam]] [[Sayyid]] Muhammad [[Anwar Shah Kashmiri]], [[Mufti]] [[Muhammad Shafi Deobandi]], and [[Mufti]] [[Muhammad Rafi Usmani]].
#Makaanatu-l-Imaam Abee Haneefah fi-l-Hadeeth by Shaikh 'Abdu-R-Rawsheed An-Nu'maanee
#Al-Imaam Ibbn Maajah wa Kitaabuhu-s-Sunan by Shaikh 'Abdu-R-Rawsheed An-Nu'maanee
#Tas-heehu-l-Kutubi wa Sawna'u-l-Fahaarisi-l-Mu'jamah wa Kaifiyah wa Dawbbtwu-l-Kitaabi wa Saebaqu-l-Mulimaini-l-Furawnji fee Dhalik BY '[[Allamah]] Ahmad Shakir
#Qawfwu-l-Athari fee Sawfwi 'Uloomi-l-Athar by Razi Uddeen Muhammad Ibn Ibraheem Al-Halabi
#Bulaghawtu-r-Rawybb fee Mustawlah Athaari-l-Habeeb by Muhammad Murtazaa Al-Husaini Az-Zabeedi
#Qaaw'idatu fi-l-Jarh wa-t-Ta'deel by [[Taj al-Din al-Subki]] in (Raawbi'u Rawsaa'il fee 'Uloomi-l-Hadeeth)
#Qaaw'idatu fi-l-Mu'arrikheen by [[Taj al-Din al-Subki]] in (Raawbi'u Rawsaa'il fee 'Uloomi-l-Hadeeth)
#Al-Mutakallimoona fi-r-Rijaal by Muhammad Ibn 'Abdu-R-Rahman As-Sikhaawi in (Raawbi'u Rawsaa'il fee 'Uloomi-l-Hadeeth)
#Qasidah 'Unwaani-l-Hikam by [[Abu Al-Fath Al-Busti]]
#Kashfu-l-Iltibaas 'Ammaa Aurawdatu-l-Imaam Bukhaawree Ba'dwu li-nn-Naas by 'Abdu-l-Ghani Al-Ghunaimi Al-Maidaani ad-Dimashqi
#At-Tarqeem wa 'Alaamaatuhu fi-l-Lughaawti-l-'Arabiyyah by Adeebu-l-Kabeer Ahmad Zaki Baasa
#At-Tibbyaanu li-Ba'dwi-l-Mabaahitha Muta'alliqawti bi-l-Qur'aani 'alaa Tawreequ-l-Itqaawn by Tahir Al-Jazaa'iri Ad-Dimashqi
#Tawjeehu-nn-Nazawri ila-l-Uswooli-l-Athar by Tahir Al-Jazaa'iri Ad-Dimashqi

[[Mufti]] [[Muhammad Taqi Usmani]] has written his orbituary after his demise.

==See also==
*[[Muslim Brotherhood of Syria]]

==References and notes==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130630171759/http://www.ikhwanweb.com/articles.php?pid=10105 Muslim Brotherhood, Syria]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j3teq_xoaG8 Sh. Abdul Fattah Abu Ghuddah: His Life and Works by Sh. Abdul Wahab Saleem]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Abu Ghudda, Abd al-Fattah}}
[[Category:1917 births]]
[[Category:Syrian Sunni Muslims]]
[[Category:Syrian exiles]]
[[Category:Muslim Brotherhood of Syria politicians]]
[[Category:People of the Islamic uprising in Syria]]
[[Category:Syrian dissidents]]
[[Category:People from Aleppo]]
[[Category:1997 deaths]]
[[Category:Syrian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam]]
[[Category:Al-Azhar University alumni]]
[[Category:Burials at Jannat al-Baqī]]
[[Category:Syrian expatriates in Egypt]]

Abd al-Fattah Abu Ghudda - Revision history

KirkEvd85074933: updated section as per guidelines

->GandalfalLibi: Added one of his well-known teachers