Bhoirake: basic adjusted details and improved wording

2025-11-04T00:19:15Z

basic adjusted details and improved wording

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:49, 4 November 2025
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	{{Use dmy dates\|date=February 2020}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=February 2020}}
	{{Infobox military unit		{{Infobox military unit
	\|unit_name=8th Indian Infantry Division<br>8th Mountain Division		\| unit_name = 8th Indian Infantry Division<br>8th Mountain Division
	\|image=~~8th indian infantry division~~.~~svg~~		\| image = 8 Mountain Division.png
	\|image_size=~~125px~~		\| image_size =
	\|caption=Divisional badge ~~during World War II.~~		\| caption = Divisional badge
	\|dates=1940–1946<br>1963–present		\| dates = 1940–1946<br>1963–present
	\|country={{flagicon\|British Raj}} [[British Raj\|British India]]<br>{{flag\|India}}		\| country = {{flagicon\|British Raj}} [[British Raj\|British India]]<br>{{flag\|India}}
	\|allegiance={{flag\|India}}		\| allegiance = {{flag\|India}}
	\|branch=[[File:British Raj Red Ensign.svg\|23px]] [[British Indian Army]]<br>{{army\|India}}		\| branch = [[File:British Raj Red Ensign.svg\|23px]] [[British Indian Army]]<br>{{army\|India}}
	\|type=Mountain [[Infantry]]		\| type = Mountain [[Infantry]]
	\|role=		\| role =
	\|size=[[Division (military)\|Division]]		\| size = [[Division (military)\|Division]]
	\|command_structure=		\| command_structure =
	\|garrison=Khumbathang<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/the-kargil-victors-8-mountain-division-forever-in-operations-529033\|title=The Kargil victors: 8 Mountain division, 'Forever in Operations'\|date=2013-07-21\|access-date=2021-10-25}}</ref>		\| garrison = Khumbathang<ref name="KargilVictors">{{cite web\|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/the-kargil-victors-8-mountain-division-forever-in-operations-529033\|title=The Kargil victors: 8 Mountain division, 'Forever in Operations'\|date=2013-07-21\|access-date=2021-10-25}}</ref>
	<!-- Commanders -->		<!-- Commanders -->\| current_commander = [[Major General]] Sachin Malik
	\|current_commander=		\| notable_commanders = [[Lieutenant general\|Lt General]] [[Dudley Russell]]<br/>[[General]] [[K. V. Krishna Rao]]<br/>[[General]] [[Ved Prakash Malik]]<br/>[[General]] [[Dalbir Singh Suhag]]<br/>[[General]] [[Manoj Pande]]
	\|notable_commanders=[[Dudley Russell]]<br/>[[K. V. Krishna Rao]]<br/>[[Ved Prakash Malik]]<br/>[[Dalbir Singh Suhag]]		<!-- Insignia -->\| identification_symbol =
	<!-- Insignia -->		\| identification_symbol_2 = <!-- Culture and history -->
	\|identification_symbol=		\| nickname = The Clovers
	\|identification_symbol_2=		\| patron =
	<!-- Culture and history -->		\| motto =
	\|nickname= The Clovers		\| colors =
	\|patron=		\| march =
	\|motto=		\| mascot =
	\|colors=		\| battles = {{Tree list}}
	\|march=		*[[Anglo-Iraqi War\|Iraq 1941]]
	\|mascot=		*[[Syria-Lebanon campaign\|Syria 1941]]
	\|battles=[[Anglo-Iraqi War\|Iraq 1941]]~~<br>~~[[Syria-Lebanon campaign\|Syria 1941]]~~<br>~~[[Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran\|Persia 1941]]~~<br>~~[[Italian Campaign (World War II)\|Italy 1943–1945]]~~<br>~~[[Bangladesh Liberation War\|Bangladesh 1971]]~~<br>~~[[Kargil War\|Kargil conflict 1999]]		*[[Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran\|Persia 1941]]
	\|anniversaries=		*[[Italian Campaign (World War II)\|Italy 1943–1945]]
	\|decorations=		*[[Bangladesh Liberation War\|Bangladesh 1971]]
	\|battle_honours=[[Western Desert Campaign\|North Africa]]<br>[[Italian Campaign (World War II)\|Italy]]		** [[Battle of Sylhet]]
			*[[Kargil War\|Kargil conflict 1999]]
			{{tree list/end}}
			\| anniversaries =
			\| decorations =
			\| battle_honours = [[Western Desert Campaign\|North Africa]]<br>[[Italian Campaign (World War II)\|Italy]]
	}}		}}
	The '''8th Mountain Division''' was raised as the ~~8th~~ Indian Infantry [[Division (military)\|division]] of the [[British Indian Army]]. It is now part of the [[Indian Army]] ~~and~~ specialises in mountain warfare.		The '''8th Mountain Division''' <!--was raised as the 7th Indian Infantry [[Division (military)\|division]] of the [[British Indian Army]]. It is now part-->is a [[Division (military)\|division]] of the present-day [[Indian Army]] that specialises in mountain warfare.

	~~The~~ '''8th Indian Infantry Division''' ~~was formed as~~ an [[infantry]] division in [[Meerut]] on 25 October 1940 under [[Major-general (United Kingdom)\|Major-General]] [[Charles Offley Harvey\|Charles Harvey]], a British Indian Army [[Officer (armed forces)\|officer]], as part of the [[Indian Army during World War II]]. It served in the [[Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II\|Middle East]] in the garrisoning of Iraq and then the invasion of Persia to secure the oil fields of the area for the [[Allies of World War II\|Allies]]. A [[brigade]] was detached to the [[Western Desert Campaign\|Western Desert]] to reinforce the [[Eighth Army (United Kingdom)\|British Eighth Army]] as it withdrew before the [[Axis powers\|Axis forces]]. Following training in the Near East, the division entered the [[Italian Campaign (World War II)\|Italian Campaign]] landing at Taranto on mainland Italy.		It was initially raised as the '''8th Indian Infantry Division''', an [[infantry]] division, in [[Meerut]] on 25 October 1940 under [[Major-general (United Kingdom)\|Major-General]] [[Charles Offley Harvey\|Charles Harvey]], a British Indian Army [[Officer (armed forces)\|officer]], as part of the [[Indian Army during World War II]]. It served in the [[Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II\|Middle East]] in the garrisoning of Iraq and then the invasion of Persia to secure the oil fields of the area for the [[Allies of World War II\|Allies]]. A [[brigade]] was detached to the [[Western Desert Campaign\|Western Desert]] to reinforce the [[Eighth Army (United Kingdom)\|British Eighth Army]] as it withdrew before the [[Axis powers\|Axis forces]]. Following training in the Near East, the division entered the [[Italian Campaign (World War II)\|Italian Campaign]] landing at Taranto on mainland Italy.

	The division was disbanded at the end of World War II in 1946, but re-formed again in 1963 as a specialist mountain division of the Indian Army.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2013/jun16-13/h11.htm\|title=Warriors of the East\|date=2013-06-06\|access-date=2021-10-25}}</ref>		The division was disbanded at the end of World War II in 1946, but re-formed again in 1963 as a specialist mountain division of the Indian Army.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2013/jun16-13/h11.htm\|title=Warriors of the East\|date=2013-06-06\|access-date=2021-10-25\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025160818/http://sainiksamachar.nic.in/englisharchives/2013/jun16-13/h11.htm\|archive-date=25 October 2021}}</ref>

	==History==		==History==
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	*[[Palestine Regiment\|Palestine Infantry Brigade]]/[[Jewish Brigade]]<ref>{{cite web\|access-date=22 October 2009\|publisher=Order of Battle\|title=8 Division units\|url=http://www.ordersofbattle.com/UnitData.aspx?UniX=1481&Tab=Sub\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120603184930/http://www.ordersofbattle.com/UnitData.aspx?UniX=1481&Tab=Sub\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=3 June 2012}}</ref>		*[[Palestine Regiment\|Palestine Infantry Brigade]]/[[Jewish Brigade]]<ref>{{cite web\|access-date=22 October 2009\|publisher=Order of Battle\|title=8 Division units\|url=http://www.ordersofbattle.com/UnitData.aspx?UniX=1481&Tab=Sub\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120603184930/http://www.ordersofbattle.com/UnitData.aspx?UniX=1481&Tab=Sub\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=3 June 2012}}</ref>

	==~~Post re~~-raising==		==Re-raising post-Independence ==
	The division was re-raised on 01 August 1963 at [[Ranchi]] with Major General [[Kunhiraman Palat Candeth\|KP Candeth]] as the first General Officer Commanding (GOC). The division differs from more conventional [[infantry]] divisions in the emphasis that is placed on infantry tactics and the limited role that [[Armoured forces\|armour]] can be expected to take in operations in mountainous terrain. The armour that is used may differ from that used by other infantry divisions, for example, specialised mountain guns are required in many areas where the division might be expected to operate.		The division was re-raised on 01 August 1963 at [[Ranchi]] with Major General [[Kunhiraman Palat Candeth\|KP Candeth]] as the first General Officer Commanding (GOC). The division differs from more conventional [[infantry]] divisions in the emphasis that is placed on infantry tactics and the limited role that [[Armoured forces\|armour]] can be expected to take in operations in mountainous terrain. The armour that is used may differ from that used by other infantry divisions, for example, specialised mountain guns are required in many areas where the division might be expected to operate.

	The division has been constantly involved in operations since its creation, earning the sobriquet '''Forever in Operations ~~Division~~'''. It was initially created for operations against insurgents fighting for a separate state of [[Nagaland]] and headquartered at Zakhama (near [[Kohima]]). As part of ''Operation Orchid'', it was deployed in the hills of Nagaland, [[Manipur]], [[Mizoram]] and [[Arunachal Pradesh]] for counter insurgency operations.		The division has been constantly involved in operations since its creation, earning the sobriquet '''Forever in Operations'''.<ref name="KargilVictors"/> It was initially created for operations against insurgents fighting for a separate state of [[Nagaland]] and headquartered at Zakhama (near [[Kohima]]). As part of ''Operation Orchid'', it was deployed in the hills of Nagaland, [[Manipur]], [[Mizoram]] and [[Arunachal Pradesh]] for counter insurgency operations.

	==Indo-Pakistani War of 1971==		==Indo-Pakistani War of 1971==
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	*Naik Imliakum Ao, [[Naga Regiment\|2 Naga]]		*Naik Imliakum Ao, [[Naga Regiment\|2 Naga]]
	==The present==		==The present==
	The division is headquartered at Khumbathang, [[Ladakh]] and is now part of [[XIV Corps (India)\|XIV Corps]]. It is tasked to look after the [[Line of Control]].<ref>Renaldi and Rikhye, 2011, 107</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.news18.com/news/opinion/kargil-revisited-22-years-later-gaps-at-strategic-level-still-exist-but-being-fixed-4007441.html\|title=Kargil Revisited: 22 Years Later, Gaps at Strategic Level Still Exist but Being Fixed\|date=2021-07-26\|access-date=2021-10-23}}</ref>		The division is headquartered at Khumbathang, [[Ladakh]] and is now part of [[XIV Corps (India)\|XIV Corps]]. It is tasked to look after the [[Line of Control]] in the Kargil sector.<ref>Renaldi and Rikhye, 2011, 107</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.news18.com/news/opinion/kargil-revisited-22-years-later-gaps-at-strategic-level-still-exist-but-being-fixed-4007441.html\|title=Kargil Revisited: 22 Years Later, Gaps at Strategic Level Still Exist but Being Fixed\|date=2021-07-26\|access-date=2021-10-23}}</ref>

	== Badge ==		== Badge ==
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	[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1946]]		[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1946]]
	[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1962]]		[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1962]]
	[[Category:History of the Bengal ~~Sappers]]~~		[[Category:History of the Bengal Engineer Group]]
	~~[[Category:Military units and formations of the British Empire in World War II~~]]

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2022-12-18T02:01:47Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 07:31, 18 December 2022
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	{{for\|the World War I formation\|8th (Lucknow) Division}}		{{for\|the World War I formation\|8th (Lucknow) Division}}
	{{More citations needed\|date=February ~~2022~~}}		{{More citations needed\|date=February 2012}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=February ~~2022~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=February 2020}}
	{{Infobox military unit		{{Infobox military unit
	\|unit_name=8th Indian Infantry Division<br>8th Mountain Division		\|unit_name=8th Indian Infantry Division<br>8th Mountain Division
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	*[[12th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)\|12th British Infantry Brigade]]		*[[12th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)\|12th British Infantry Brigade]]
	*[[21st Army Tank Brigade\|21st British Army Tank Brigade]]		*[[21st Army Tank Brigade\|21st British Army Tank Brigade]]
	*[[Palestine Regiment\|Palestine Infantry Brigade]]/[[Jewish Brigade]]<ref>{{cite web\|access-date=22 October 2009\|publisher=Order of Battle\|title=8 Division units\|url=http://www.ordersofbattle.com/UnitData.aspx?UniX=1481&Tab=Sub\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120603184930/http://www.ordersofbattle.com/UnitData.aspx?UniX=1481&Tab=Sub\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=3 June ~~2022~~}}</ref>		*[[Palestine Regiment\|Palestine Infantry Brigade]]/[[Jewish Brigade]]<ref>{{cite web\|access-date=22 October 2009\|publisher=Order of Battle\|title=8 Division units\|url=http://www.ordersofbattle.com/UnitData.aspx?UniX=1481&Tab=Sub\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120603184930/http://www.ordersofbattle.com/UnitData.aspx?UniX=1481&Tab=Sub\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=3 June 2012}}</ref>

	==Post re-raising==		==Post re-raising==
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	* {{Cite book \| first=Philip\| last=Mason \| title=The Indian Divisions Memorial, 1939–1945, [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]] \| publisher=Skelton's Press\| location=Wellingborough\| date=9 June 1982 }}		* {{Cite book \| first=Philip\| last=Mason \| title=The Indian Divisions Memorial, 1939–1945, [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]] \| publisher=Skelton's Press\| location=Wellingborough\| date=9 June 1982 }}
	* {{Cite book \| first=Douglas \|last=Orgill \| title=The Gothic Line (The Autumn Campaign in Italy 1944)\| publisher=Heinemann\|location=London \| year=1967}}		* {{Cite book \| first=Douglas \|last=Orgill \| title=The Gothic Line (The Autumn Campaign in Italy 1944)\| publisher=Heinemann\|location=London \| year=1967}}
	*{{cite book\| first1=Richard A.\| last1=Renaldi\| first2=Ravi\| last2=Rikhye\| title=Indian Army Order of Battle\| publisher=Orbat.com for Tiger Lily Books\| isbn=978-0-9820541-7-8\| year=~~2022~~}}		*{{cite book\| first1=Richard A.\| last1=Renaldi\| first2=Ravi\| last2=Rikhye\| title=Indian Army Order of Battle\| publisher=Orbat.com for Tiger Lily Books\| isbn=978-0-9820541-7-8\| year=2011}}
	* {{Cite book \| last=Yeats-Brown \| first=F \| author-link=Francis Yeats-Brown \| title=Martial India \| publisher=Eyre and Spottiswoode \| year=1945 \| location=London }}		* {{Cite book \| last=Yeats-Brown \| first=F \| author-link=Francis Yeats-Brown \| title=Martial India \| publisher=Eyre and Spottiswoode \| year=1945 \| location=London }}

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2022-12-18T02:01:47Z

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Show changes

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:31, 18 December 2022
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{for\|the World War I formation\|8th (Lucknow) Division}}		{{for\|the World War I formation\|8th (Lucknow) Division}}
	{{More citations needed\|date=February ~~2022~~}}		{{More citations needed\|date=February 2012}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=February ~~2022~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=February 2020}}
	{{Infobox military unit		{{Infobox military unit
	\|unit_name=8th Indian Infantry Division<br>8th Mountain Division		\|unit_name=8th Indian Infantry Division<br>8th Mountain Division
Line 186:		Line 186:
	*[[12th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)\|12th British Infantry Brigade]]		*[[12th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)\|12th British Infantry Brigade]]
	*[[21st Army Tank Brigade\|21st British Army Tank Brigade]]		*[[21st Army Tank Brigade\|21st British Army Tank Brigade]]
	*[[Palestine Regiment\|Palestine Infantry Brigade]]/[[Jewish Brigade]]<ref>{{cite web\|access-date=22 October 2009\|publisher=Order of Battle\|title=8 Division units\|url=http://www.ordersofbattle.com/UnitData.aspx?UniX=1481&Tab=Sub\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120603184930/http://www.ordersofbattle.com/UnitData.aspx?UniX=1481&Tab=Sub\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=3 June ~~2022~~}}</ref>		*[[Palestine Regiment\|Palestine Infantry Brigade]]/[[Jewish Brigade]]<ref>{{cite web\|access-date=22 October 2009\|publisher=Order of Battle\|title=8 Division units\|url=http://www.ordersofbattle.com/UnitData.aspx?UniX=1481&Tab=Sub\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120603184930/http://www.ordersofbattle.com/UnitData.aspx?UniX=1481&Tab=Sub\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=3 June 2012}}</ref>

	==Post re-raising==		==Post re-raising==
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	* {{Cite book \| first=Philip\| last=Mason \| title=The Indian Divisions Memorial, 1939–1945, [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]] \| publisher=Skelton's Press\| location=Wellingborough\| date=9 June 1982 }}		* {{Cite book \| first=Philip\| last=Mason \| title=The Indian Divisions Memorial, 1939–1945, [[Royal Military Academy Sandhurst]] \| publisher=Skelton's Press\| location=Wellingborough\| date=9 June 1982 }}
	* {{Cite book \| first=Douglas \|last=Orgill \| title=The Gothic Line (The Autumn Campaign in Italy 1944)\| publisher=Heinemann\|location=London \| year=1967}}		* {{Cite book \| first=Douglas \|last=Orgill \| title=The Gothic Line (The Autumn Campaign in Italy 1944)\| publisher=Heinemann\|location=London \| year=1967}}
	*{{cite book\| first1=Richard A.\| last1=Renaldi\| first2=Ravi\| last2=Rikhye\| title=Indian Army Order of Battle\| publisher=Orbat.com for Tiger Lily Books\| isbn=978-0-9820541-7-8\| year=~~2022~~}}		*{{cite book\| first1=Richard A.\| last1=Renaldi\| first2=Ravi\| last2=Rikhye\| title=Indian Army Order of Battle\| publisher=Orbat.com for Tiger Lily Books\| isbn=978-0-9820541-7-8\| year=2011}}
	* {{Cite book \| last=Yeats-Brown \| first=F \| author-link=Francis Yeats-Brown \| title=Martial India \| publisher=Eyre and Spottiswoode \| year=1945 \| location=London }}		* {{Cite book \| last=Yeats-Brown \| first=F \| author-link=Francis Yeats-Brown \| title=Martial India \| publisher=Eyre and Spottiswoode \| year=1945 \| location=London }}

8th Infantry Division (India) - Revision history

Bhoirake: basic adjusted details and improved wording

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