104th Regiment of Foot - Revision history

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	[[Category:Honourable East India Company regiments]]		[[Category:Honourable East India Company regiments]]
	[[Category:Infantry regiments of the British Army]]		[[Category:Infantry regiments of the British Army]]

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{{for|other units with the same regimental number|104th Regiment of Foot (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2014}}
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name = 104th Regiment of Foot
| image =
| caption =
| dates = 1765–1803 1822–1830 1839–1881
|country=[[File:Flag of the British East India Company (1801).svg|23px]] [[East India Company]] (1765–1858) {{flag|United Kingdom}} (1858–1881)
|allegiance=
|branch=[[File:Flag of the British East India Company (1801).svg|23px]] [[Bengal Army]] (1765–1862) {{army|United Kingdom}} (1862–1881)
| type = [[Infantry]]
| role =
| size = One battalion
| command_structure =
| garrison =[[Ballymullen Barracks]], [[Tralee]]
| garrison_label =
| nickname =
| patron =
| motto =
| colors =
| colors_label =
| march =
| mascot =
| equipment =
| equipment_label =
| battles =[[First Rohilla War]] [[Second Anglo-Sikh War]] [[Second Anglo-Burmese War]] [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Indian Rebellion]]
| anniversaries =
| decorations =
| battle_honours =
| battle_honours_label =
| disbanded =
| notable_commanders =
}}
The '''104th Regiment of Foot (Bengal Fusiliers)''' was a [[regiment]] of the [[British Army]], raised by the [[East India Company|Honourable East India Company]] in 1765. Under the [[Childers Reforms]] it amalgamated with the [[101st Regiment of Foot (Royal Bengal Fusiliers)]] to form the [[Royal Munster Fusiliers]].

==History==
[[File:Patrick Grant.jpg|thumb|left|Field Marshal [[Patrick Grant (Indian Army officer)|Sir Patrick Grant]], colonel of the regiment in the 1860s]]

===Early history===
The regiment as first raised by the [[East India Company|Honourable East India Company]] as the '''2nd Bengal European Regiment''' when it was formed from the [[101st Regiment of Foot (Royal Bengal Fusiliers)|1st Bengal European Regiment]] in 1765.<ref name=regt>{{cite web|url=http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/inf/104-862.htm |title=104th Regiment of Foot (Bengal Fusiliers) |publisher=regiments.org |access-date=4 September 2016 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060210173357/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/inf/104-862.htm |archive-date=10 February 2006}}</ref> It went to take part in an action at [[Rohilkhand]] in April 1774 during the [[First Rohilla War]]<ref name=locations>{{cite web|url=http://www.regiments.org/deploy/uk/reg-inf/104.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060310130928/http://www.regiments.org/deploy/uk/reg-inf/104.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 March 2006|title=104th Regiment of Foot (Bengal Fusiliers): Locations|publisher=Regiments.org|access-date=31 March 2017}}</ref> before being absorbed by the Marine Battalion in 1803.<ref name=regt/> It was re-raised as the '''2nd Bengal (European) Regiment''' in 1822 and took part in a deployment to [[Myanmar|Burma]] in 1825 before being disbanded in 1830.<ref name=regt/>

===The Victorian era===
[[File:Monument of the Battle of Chillianwala 3.jpg|thumb|The monument erected in memory of the losses sustained by both armies at the [[Battle of Chillianwala|Battles of Saddalupar and Chillianwala]] in January 1849]]
The regiment was re-raised as the '''2nd Bengal (European) Light Infantry''' from a nucleus of 1st Bengal (European) Regiment in 1839.<ref name=regt/> It saw action at the [[Battle of Chillianwala]] in January 1849 and the [[Battle of Gujrat]] in February 1849 in the [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]] during the [[Second Anglo-Sikh War]].<ref name=locations/> The regiment became the '''2nd Bengal (European) Fusiliers''' in 1850 was deployed to Burma again in 1853 during the [[Second Anglo-Burmese War]] and then served at the [[Siege of Delhi]] in autumn 1857 during the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Indian Rebellion]].<ref name=locations/> After the Crown took control of the [[Presidency armies]] in the aftermath of the Indian Rebellion, the regiment became the '''2nd Bengal Fusiliers''' in November 1859 and then the '''1st Royal Bengal Fusiliers''' in May 1861.<ref name=regt/> It was then renumbered as the '''104th Regiment of Foot (Royal Bengal Fusiliers)''' on transfer to the [[British Army]] in September 1862.<ref name=regt/> Although a new commanding officer was appointed on transfer to the British Army, both majors and six of the twelve captains had prior service in the regiment.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=22667|page=4681|date=30 September 1862}}</ref>

During the [[cholera]] epidemic of 1869, the regiment left its barracks at [[Peshawar]] on the North West Frontier for the countryside, to try to alleviate the impact of the disease. After the regiment had returned to barracks with the end of the epidemic, the commanding officer's wife, [[Elizabeth Webber Harris]], was presented with a gold replica Victoria Cross, by the officers of the regiment, for her tireless endeavours tending the sick men.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/history/564600/Only-woman-win-Victoria-Cross-Elizabeth-Webber-Harris-saved-soldiers-cholera|title=Only woman to win a Victoria Cross: Elizabeth Webber Harris saved soldiers with cholera|last=Ashcroft|first=Lord|date=2015-03-18|work=Express.co.uk|access-date=2018-04-07|language=en}}</ref> The presentation had the approval of [[Queen Victoria]] and was made by General Sir [[Sam Browne]], commander of the Peshawar garrison. The regiment embarked for England in 1871.<ref name=locations/>

As part of the [[Cardwell Reforms]] of the 1870s, where single-battalion regiments were linked together to share a single depot and recruiting district in the United Kingdom, the 104th was linked with the [[101st Regiment of Foot (Royal Bengal Fusiliers)]], and assigned to district no. 70 at [[Ballymullen Barracks]] in [[Tralee]].<ref name=training>{{cite web|url=http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/depot/1873.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060210172841/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/depot/1873.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 February 2006|title=Training Depots|publisher=Regiments.org|access-date=16 October 2016}}</ref> On 1 July 1881 the [[Childers Reforms]] came into effect and the regiment amalgamated with the 101st Regiment of Foot (Royal Bengal Fusiliers) to form the [[Royal Munster Fusiliers]].<ref name=regt/>

==Battle honours==
Battle honours won by the regiment were:<ref name=regt/>

*''Rohilla War'': Rohilcund 1774 (inherited from predecessor regiment)
*''Second Anglo-Sikh War'': [[Battle of Chillianwala|Chillianwallah]], [[Battle of Gujrat|Goojerat]], Punjaub
* ''Indian Mutiny'': [[Siege of Delhi|Delhi 1857]]

==Regimental Colonels==
Colonels of the Regiment were:<ref name= regt/>

;2nd Bengal Fusiliers (HEIC)
*c.1859: Maj-Gen. Robert Blackall

;104th Regiment of Foot (Bengal Fusiliers) (British Army)
*1862–1863: F.M. Sir [[Patrick Grant (Indian Army officer)|Patrick Grant]], GCB, GCMG
*1863–1867: Gen. Sir [[George Bell (British Army officer)|George Bell]], KCB
*1867–1874: Gen. [[George Dixon (British Army officer)|George Dixon]]
*1874–1881: F.M. Sir [[Frederick Haines|Frederick Paul Haines]], GCB, GCSI, CIE

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite book|last=Innes|first=Lieutenant-Colonel P. R. |title=History of the Royal European Regiment, now the Royal Munster Fusiliers|url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.63168|publisher=London: Simpkin|year=1885}}

==External links==
*{{cite web|url=http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/inf/107-862.htm|title=104th Regiment of Foot (Bengal Light Infantry)|access-date=15 October 2007|last=Mills|first=T.F.|work=regiments.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071022111806/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/inf/107-862.htm|archive-date=22 October 2007|url-status=dead}}

{{Regiments of Foot}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:104th Regiment of Foot (Bengal Fusiliers)}}
[[Category:Honourable East India Company regiments]]
[[Category:Infantry regiments of the British Army]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1854]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1881]]
[[Category:1839 establishments in British India]]