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{{Indic glyph |letname = Ṇa |previousletter = Ḍha |nextletter = Ta |devacp = 0923 |devaimg = Devanagari nn.svg |bengcp = 09A3 |bengimg = Bengali Letter Nna.svg |gurucp = 0A23 |gujrcp = 0AA3 |oryacp = 0B23 |tamlcp = 0BA3 |tamlimg = Tamil-alphabet-ணண.svg |telucp = 0C23 |kndacp = 0CA3 |mlymcp = 0D23 |sinhcp = 0DAB |tibtcp = 0F4E |mymrcp = 100F |khmrcp = 178E |balicp = 1B21 |batkcp = 1BE0 |saurcp = A8A0 |javacp = A99F |phagcp = A86C |kthicp = 1109D |kharcp = 10A1E |cakmcp = 11115 |mahjcp = 11162 |shrdcp = 1119F |khojcp = 11218 |sindcp = 112CC |grancp = 11323 |tirhcp = 1149D |modicp = 1161C |takrcp = 11698

|brahcp = 11021 |ashokaimg = Brahmi nn.svg |kushanaimg = Gupta ashoka nn.svg |guptaimg = Gupta ashoka nn.svg
|tochimg = Tocharian letter nna.gif |brahletname = Brahmi 'Nna'
|siddcp = 1159C |siddimg = Siddham nn.svg |siddletname = Siddhaṃ 'Nna'
|ipa = ɳ |ipa2=n̳|iast = ṇ |iscii = C1


|multcp = 1128F |newacp = 11418 |ahomcp = 11710 |dogrcp = 11813 |diakcp = 11915 |nandcp = 119B7 |zanbcp = 11A13 |soyocp = 11A65 |bhkscp = 11C17 |marccp = 11C79 |marcalt = 11C99 |gonmcp = 11D15 |makacp = 11EEB



}}

'''Ṇa''' (also romanized as '''Nna''') is a consonant of Indic abugidas. In modern Indic scripts, Ṇa is derived from the early "[[Ashoka]]" Brahmi letter [[Image:Brahmi nn.svg|13px|ng]] after having gone through the [[Gupta script|Gupta]] letter [[File:Gupta allahabad nn.svg|13px]]. As with the other [[cerebral consonant]]s, ''ṇa'' is not found in most scripts for [[Tai languages|Tai]], [[Sino-Tibetan languages|Sino-Tibetan]], and other non-[[Indic languages]], except for a few scripts, which retain these letters for transcribing [[Sanskrit]] religious terms.

==Āryabhaṭa numeration==

{{further|Āryabhaṭa numeration}}

[[Aryabhata]] used Devanagari letters for numbers, very similar to the [[Greek numerals]], even after the invention of [[Indian numerals]]. The values of the different forms of ण are:<ref name="Ifrah">{{cite book|last=Ifrah|first=Georges|title=The Universal History of Numbers. From Prehistory to the Invention of the Computer|url=https://archive.org/details/universalhistory00ifra_616|url-access=limited|year=2000|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|location=New York|isbn=0-471-39340-1|pages=[https://archive.org/details/universalhistory00ifra_616/page/n468 447]–450}}</ref>
*ण {{IPA-hi|ɳə|}} = 15 (१५)
*णि {{IPA-hi|ɳɪ|}} = 1,500 (१ ५००)
*णु {{IPA-hi|ɳʊ|}} = 150,000 (१ ५० ०००)
*णृ {{IPA-hi|ɳri|}} = 15,000,000 (१ ५० ०० ०००)
*णॢ {{IPA-hi|ɳlə|}} = 1,500,000,000 (१ ५० ०० ०० ०००)
*णे {{IPA-hi|ɳe|}} = 15{{e|10}} (१५×१०१०)
*णै {{IPA-hi|ɳɛː|}} = 15{{e|12}} (१५×१०१२)
*णो {{IPA-hi|ɳoː|}} = 15{{e|14}} (१५×१०१४)
*णौ {{IPA-hi|ɳɔː|}} = 15{{e|16}} (१५×१०१६)

==Historic Nna==
There are three different general early historic scripts - [[Brahmi script|Brahmi]] and its variants, [[Kharosthi|Kharoṣṭhī]], and [[Tocharian alphabet|Tocharian]], the so-called ''slanting Brahmi''. Nna as found in standard [[Brahmi]], [[Image:Brahmi nn.svg|13px|Nna]] was a simple geometric shape, with variations toward more flowing forms by the Gupta [[Image:Gupta allahabad nn.svg|13px|Nna]]. The Tocharian Nna [[Image:Tocharian letter nna.gif|18px|Nna]] did not have an alterante [[Tocharian alphabet#Script|Fremdzeichen]] form. The third form of nna, in Kharoshthi ([[file:Буква NNА (незалежний знак). Письмо кхароштхі. Kharoshthi letter NNA.svg|15px|Nna]]) was probably derived from Aramaic separately from the Brahmi letter.

===Brahmi Nna===

The Brahmi letter [[Image:Brahmi nn.svg|13px|Nna]], Nna, is [[Brahmi script#origin|probably derived]] from the altered Aramaic [[Nun (letter)|Nun]] [[File:Nun.svg|13px]], and is thus related to the modern Latin [[N]] and Greek [[Nu (letter)|Nu]].<ref name="Buhler">{{cite web |last1=Bühler |first1=Georg |title=On the Origin of the Indian Brahmi Alphabet |url=https://archive.org/details/onoriginofindian00bhuoft/page/n3/mode/2up |website=archive.org |publisher=Karl J. Trübner |access-date=10 June 2020}}</ref> Several identifiable styles of writing the Brahmi Nna can be found, most associated with a specific set of inscriptions from an artifact or diverse records from an historic period.<ref>[[:File:Brahmi script consonants according to James Prinsep March 1838.jpg|Evolutionary chart]], Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal Vol 7, 1838 [https://archive.org/stream/journalofasiatic775asia#page/n101]</ref> As the earliest and most geometric style of Brahmi, the letters found on the [[Edicts of Ashoka]] and other records from around that time are normally the reference form for Brahmi letters, with vowel marks not attested until later forms of Brahmi back-formed to match the geometric writing style.

{|class="wikitable"
|+Brahmi Nna historic forms
|-
!Ashoka ([[Brahmi script#Early Brahmi or "Ashokan Brahmi" (3rd-1st century BCE)|3rd-1st c. BCE]]) !! Girnar (~150 BCE) !! Kushana ([[Brahmi script#Middle Brahmi or "Kushana Brahmi" (1st–3rd centuries CE)|~150-250 CE]]) !! Gujarat (~250 CE) !! Gupta ([[Gupta script|~350 CE]])
|-
| [[File:Brahmi nn.svg|37px]] || [[Image:Gupta girnar nn.svg|37px]] || [[Image:Gupta ashoka nn.svg|37px]] || [[Image:Gupta gujarat nn.svg|37px]] || [[Image:Gupta allahabad nn.svg|37px]]
|}

===Tocharian Nna===

The Tocharian letter [[Image:Tocharian letter nna.gif|25px|Nna]] is derived from the Brahmi [[Image:Brahmi nn.svg|13px|Nna]], but does not have an alternate Fremdzeichen form.

{|class="wikitable"
|+Tocharian Nna with vowel marks
|-
! Nna !! Nnā !! Nni !! Nnī !! Nnu !! Nnū !! Nnr !! Nnr̄ !! Nne !! Nnai !! Nno !! Nnau !! Nnä
|-
| [[File:Tocharian letter nna.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter nnaa.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter nni.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter nnii.gif|37px]] ||  ||  ||  ||  || [[File:Tocharian letter nne.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter nnai.gif|37px]] || [[File:Tocharian letter nno.gif|37px]] ||  || [[File:Tocharian letter nnä.gif|37px]]
|}

===Kharoṣṭhī Nna===

The Kharoṣṭhī letter [[file:Буква NNА (незалежний знак). Письмо кхароштхі. Kharoshthi letter NNA.svg|15px|Nna]] is generally accepted as being derived from the altered Aramaic [[Nun (letter)|Nun]] [[File:Nun.svg|13px]], and is thus related to [[N]] and [[Nu (letter)|Nu]], in addition to the Brahmi Nna.<ref name="Buhler"/>

==Devanagari Nna==

{{main|Devanagari nna}}
{{Devanagari abugida sidebar}}
'''Ṇa''' ('''ण''') is a consonant of the [[Devanagari]] [[abugida]]. It ultimately arose from the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi nn.svg|13px|ka]], after having gone through the [[Gupta script|Gupta]] letter [[File:Gupta allahabad nn.svg|13px]]. Letters that derive from it are the [[Gujarati script|Gujarati]] letter '''ણ''', and the [[Modi alphabet|Modi]] letter 𑘜.

===Devanagari-using Languages===
In all languages, ण is pronounced as {{IPA-hi|ɳə|}} or {{IPAblink|ɳ}} when appropriate. Like all Indic scripts, Devanagari uses vowel marks attached to the base consonant to override the inherent /ə/ vowel:

{|class="wikitable"
|+ Devanagari ण with vowel marks
|-
! Ṇa !! Ṇā !! Ṇi !! Ṇī !! Ṇu !! Ṇū !! Ṇr !! Ṇr̄ !! Ṇl !! Ṇl̄ !! Ṇe !! Ṇai !! Ṇo !! Ṇau !! Ṇ
|-style="font-size: 150%;"
|ण
|णा
|णि
|णी
|णु
|णू
|णृ
|णॄ
|णॢ
|णॣ
|णे
|णै
|णो
|णौ
|ण्
|}



===Conjuncts with ण===
[[File:Devanagari Nna half form.svg|thumb|right|100px|Half form of Nna.]]
Devanagari exhibits conjunct ligatures, as is common in Indic scripts. In modern Devanagari texts, most conjuncts are formed by reducing the letter shape to fit tightly to the following letter, usually by dropping a character's vertical stem, sometimes referred to as a "half form". Some conjunct clusters are always represented by a true ligature, instead of a shape that can be broken into constituent independent letters. Vertically stacked conjuncts are ubiquitous in older texts, while only a few are still used routinely in modern Devanagari texts. The use of ligatures and vertical conjuncts may vary across languages using the Devanagari script, with [[Marathi language|Marathi]] in particular preferring the use of half forms where texts in other languages would show ligatures and vertical stacks.<ref name="KNAB">{{cite web |last1=Pall |first1=Peeter |title=Microsoft Word - kblhi2 |url=https://www.eki.ee/knab/lat/kblhi2.pdf |website=Eesti Keele Instituudi kohanimeandmed |publisher=Eesti Keele Instituudi kohanimeandmed |access-date=19 June 2020}}</ref>

====Ligature conjuncts of ण====
True ligatures are quite rare in Indic scripts. The most common ligated conjuncts in Devanagari are in the form of a slight mutation to fit in context or as a consistent variant form appended to the adjacent characters. Those variants include [[Na (Indic)#Devanagari Na|Na]] and the [[Ra (Indic)#Devanagari Repha|Repha]] and [[Ra (Indic)#Devanagari Rakar|Rakar]] forms of Ra. [[Nepali language|Nepali]] and [[Marathi language|Marathi]] texts use the "eyelash" Ra half form [[Image:Devanagari Eyelash Ra.svg|15px|Ra]] for an initial "R" instead of repha.

* Repha र্ (r) + ण (ṇa) gives the ligature rṇa: {{ref|note|note}}
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct RNna.svg|100px]]
* Eyelash र্ (r) + ण (ṇa) gives the ligature rṇa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct Eyelash RNna.svg|125px]]
* ण্ (ṇ) + rakar र (ra) gives the ligature ṇra:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct NnRa.svg|100px]]
* ण্ (ṇ) + न (na) gives the ligature ṇna:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct NnNa.svg|100px]]

====Stacked conjuncts of ण====
Vertically stacked ligatures are the most common conjunct forms found in Devanagari text. Although the constituent characters may need to be stretched and moved slightly in order to stack neatly, stacked conjuncts can be broken down into recognizable base letters, or a letter and an otherwise standard ligature.

* छ্ (cʰ) + ण (ṇa) gives the ligature cʰṇa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct ChNna.svg|100px]]
* ढ্ (ḍʱ) + ण (ṇa) gives the ligature ḍʱṇa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct DdhNna.svg|100px]]
* ड্ (ḍ) + ण (ṇa) gives the ligature ḍṇa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct DdNna.svg|100px]]
* द্ (d) + ण (ṇa) gives the ligature dṇa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct DNna.svg|100px]]
* ह্ (h) + ण (ṇa) gives the ligature hṇa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct HNna.svg|100px]]
* ख্ (kʰ) + ण (ṇa) gives the ligature kʰṇa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct KhNna.svg|100px]]
* ङ্ (ŋ) + ण (ṇa) gives the ligature ŋṇa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct NgNna.svg|100px]]
* ण্ (ṇ) + ल (la) gives the ligature ṇla:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct NnLa.svg|100px]]
* प্ (p) + ण (ṇa) gives the ligature pṇa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct PNna.svg|100px]]
* ठ্ (ṭʰ) + ण (ṇa) gives the ligature ṭʰṇa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct TthNna.svg|100px]]
* ट্ (ṭ) + ण (ṇa) gives the ligature ṭṇa:
[[File:Devanagari Conjunct TtNna.svg|100px]]

==Bengali Nna==

The Bengali script ণ is derived from the [[Siddhaṃ]] [[Image:Siddham nn.svg|13px]], and is marked by a reduced head line, and less geometric shape than its Devanagari counterpart, ण. The inherent vowel of Bengali consonant letters is /ɔ/, so the bare letter ণ will sometimes be transliterated as "nno" instead of "nna". Adding okar, the "o" vowel mark, gives a reading of /n̳o/.

Like all Indic consonants, ণ can be modified by marks to indicate another (or no) vowel than its inherent "a".

{|class="wikitable"
|+ Bengali ণ with vowel marks
|-
! nna !! nnā !! nni !! nnī !! nnu !! nnū !! nnr !! nnr̄ !! nne !! nnai !! nno !! nnau !! nn
|-style="font-size: 150%;"
|ণ
|ণা
|ণি
|ণী
|ণু
|ণূ
|ণৃ
|ণৄ
|ণে
|ণৈ
|ণো
|ণৌ
|ণ্
|}

===ণ in Bengali-using languages===

ণ is used as a basic consonant character in all of the major Bengali script orthographies, including [[Bengali alphabet|Bengali]] and [[Assamese alphabet|Assamese]]. 

===Conjuncts with ণ===

Bengali ণ exhibits conjunct ligatures, as is common in Indic scripts, in the form of both stacked and linear (horizontal) ligatures.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Bengali Alphabet|url=http://tesseractindic.googlecode.com/files/wb069conjuncts.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130928021705/http://tesseractindic.googlecode.com/files/wb069conjuncts.pdf|archive-date=2013-09-28}}</ref>

* গ্ (g) + ণ (ṇa) gives the ligature gṇa:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Gnna.svg |100px]]
* ণ্ (ṇ) + ড (ḍa) gives the ligature ṇḍa:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct NNdda.svg |100px]]
* ণ্ (ṇ) + ঢ (ḍʱa) gives the ligature ṇḍʱa:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct NNddha.svg |100px]]
* ণ্ (ṇ) + ড্ (ḍ) + র (ra) gives the ligature ṇḍra, with the [[ra phala]] suffix:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct NNddra.svg |100px]]
* ণ্ (ṇ) + ড্ (ḍ) + য (ya) gives the ligature ṇḍya, with the [[ya phala]] suffix:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct NNddya.svg |100px]]
* ণ্ (ṇ) + ম (ma) gives the ligature ṇma:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct NNma.svg |100px]]
* ণ্ (ṇ) + ণ (ṇa) gives the ligature ṇṇa:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct NNnna.svg |100px]]
* ণ্ (ṇ) + ট (ṭa) gives the ligature ṇṭa:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct NNtta.svg |100px]]
* ণ্ (ṇ) + ঠ (ṭʰa) gives the ligature ṇṭʰa:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct NNttha.svg |100px]]
* ণ্ (ṇ) + ঠ্ (ṭʰ) + য (ya) gives the ligature ṇṭʰya, with the ya phala suffix:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct NNtthya.svg |100px]]
* ণ্ (ṇ) + য (ya) gives the ligature ṇya, with the ya phala suffix:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct NNya.svg |100px]]
* র্ (r) + ণ (ṇa) gives the ligature rṇa, with the [[Ra (Indic)#Bengali Repha|repha]] prefix:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Rnna.svg |100px]]
* র্ (r) + ণ্ (ṇ) + য (ya) gives the ligature rṇya, with the repha prefix and ya phala suffix:
[[File:Bengali Conjunct Rnnya.svg |100px]]

==Gujarati Ṇa==

[[File:Gujarati letter Nna.svg|thumb|right|100px|Gujarati Ṇa.]]
'''Ṇa''' ('''ણ''') is the fifteenth consonant of the [[Gujarati script|Gujarati]] [[abugida]]. It is derived from the Devanagari Ṇa [[Image:Devanagari nn.svg|13px|Nna]] with the top bar (shiro rekha) removed, and ultimately the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi nn.svg|13px|Nna]].

===Gujarati-using Languages===
The Gujarati script is used to write the [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] and [[Kutchi language|Kutchi]] languages. In both languages, ણ is pronounced as {{IPA-gu|ɳə|}} or {{IPAblink|ɳ}} when appropriate. Like all Indic scripts, Gujarati uses vowel marks attached to the base consonant to override the inherent /ə/ vowel:

{| class=wikitable style="width: 40em;"
|-
! style="width:6%;"| Ṇa !! style="width:7%;"| Ṇā !! style="width:6.5%;"| Ṇi !! style="width:7%;"| Ṇī !! style="width:4.5%;"| Ṇu !! style="width:5%;"| Ṇū !! style="width:4.5%;"| Ṇr !! style="width:5%;"| Ṇl !! style="width:5%;"| Ṇr̄ !! style="width:5%;"| Ṇl̄ !! style="width:4.5%;"| Ṇĕ !! style="width:4.5%;"| Ṇe !! style="width:5%;"| Ṇai !! style="width:7%;"| Ṇŏ !! style="width:7%;"| Ṇo !! style="width:6%;"| Ṇau !! style="width:7%;"| Ṇ
|- align="center"
| colspan=17 |[[File:Gujarati Nna Matras.svg|750px]]
|-
| colspan=17 |Gujarati Ṇa syllables, with vowel marks in red.
|}

===Conjuncts with ણ===
[[File:Gujarati letter Nna half form.svg|thumb|right|100px|Half form of Ṇa.]]
Gujarati ણ exhibits conjunct ligatures, much like its parent Devanagari Script. Most Gujarati conjuncts can only be formed by reducing the letter shape to fit tightly to the following letter, usually by dropping a character's vertical stem, sometimes referred to as a "half form". A few conjunct clusters can be represented by a true ligature, instead of a shape that can be broken into constituent independent letters, and vertically stacked conjuncts can also be found in Gujarati, although much less commonly than in Devanagari.

True ligatures are quite rare in Indic scripts. The most common ligated conjuncts in Gujarati are in the form of a slight mutation to fit in context or as a consistent variant form appended to the adjacent characters. Those variants include [[Na (Indic)#Gujarati Na|Na]] and the [[Ra (Indic)#Gujarati Repha|Repha]] and [[Ra (Indic)#Gujarati Rakar|Rakar]] forms of Ra.

* ર્ (r) + ણ (ɳa) gives the ligature RṆa:
[[File:Gujarati conjunct RNna.svg|100px]]

* ણ્ (ɳ) + ર (ra) gives the ligature ṆRa:
[[File:Gujarati conjunct NnRa.svg|100px]]

* હ્ (h) + ણ (ɳa) gives the ligature HṆa:
[[File:Gujarati conjunct HNna.svg|100px]]

{{asterisk}}Note that the ligature for Gujarati HṆa contains the half form of Devanagari Ṇa [[Image:Devanagari Nna half form.svg|13px|Nna half form]] instead of a form of Gujarati Ṇa.

==Javanese Nna==
{{main|Nna (Javanese)}}

==Telugu Ṇa==
{{multiple image
| width = 100px
| image1 = Telugu letter Nna.svg
| alt1 = Telugu Ṇa
| image2 = Telugu subjoined Nna.svg
| alt2 = Telugu subjoined Ṇa
| footer = Telugu independent and subjoined Ṇa.
}}
'''Ṇa''' ('''ణ''') is a consonant of the [[Telugu script|Telugu]] [[abugida]]. It ultimately arose from the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi nn.svg|13px|Ṇ]]. It is closely related to the [[Kannada script|Kannada]] letter '''ಣ'''. Since it lacks the v-shaped headstroke common to most Telugu letters, ణ remains unaltered by most vowel matras, and its subjoined form is simply a smaller version of the normal letter shape.

Telugu conjuncts are created by reducing trailing letters to a subjoined form that appears below the initial consonant of the conjunct. Many subjoined forms are created by dropping their headline, with many extending the end of the stroke of the main letter body to form an extended tail reaching up to the right of the preceding consonant. This subjoining of trailing letters to create conjuncts is in contrast to the leading half forms of Devanagari and Bengali letters. Ligature conjuncts are not a feature in Telugu, with the only non-standard construction being an alternate subjoined form of [[Ṣa (Indic)#Telugu Ṣa|Ṣa]] (borrowed from [[Kannada script|Kannada]]) in the KṢa conjunct.

==Malayalam Ṇa==
[[File:Malayalam letter Nna.svg|thumb|100px|Malayalam letter Ṇa]]

'''Ṇa''' ('''ണ''') is a consonant of the [[Malayalam script|Malayalam]] [[abugida]]. It ultimately arose from the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi nn.svg|13px|Ṇ]], via the [[Grantha script|Grantha]] letter [[Image:Grantha letter Nna.svg|x15px|Ṇa]] ''Nna''. Like in other Indic scripts, Malayalam consonants have the inherent vowel "a", and take one of several modifying vowel signs to represent syllables with another vowel or no vowel at all.

[[File:Malayalam Nna matras.svg|thumb|center|550px|Malayalam Nna matras: Nna, Nnā, Nni, Nnī, Nnu, Nnū, Nnr̥, Nnr̥̄, Nnl̥, Nnl̥̄, Nne, Nnē, Nnai, Nno, Nnō, Nnau, and Nn.]]

===Conjuncts of ണ===
[[File:Malayalam letter Chillu Nn.svg|thumb|100px|Malayalam letter Chillu Nn]]
As is common in Indic scripts, Malayalam joins letters together to form conjunct consonant clusters. There are several ways in which conjuncts are formed in Malayalam texts: using a post-base form of a trailing consonant placed under the initial consonant of a conjunct, a combined ligature of two or more consonants joined together, a conjoining form that appears as a combining mark on the rest of the conjunct, the use of an explicit [[candrakkala]] mark to suppress the inherent "a" vowel, or a special consonant form called a "chillu" letter, representing a bare consonant without the inherent "a" vowel. Texts written with the modern reformed Malayalam orthography, ''put̪iya lipi'', may favor more regular conjunct forms than older texts in ''paḻaya lipi'', due to [[Malayalam#Orthography reform|changes]] undertaken in the 1970s by the [[Government of Kerala]].

* ണ് (ṇ) + ട (ṭa) gives the ligature ṇṭa:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct NnTta.svg]]
* ണ് (ṇ) + ഠ (ṭʰa) gives the ligature ṇṭʰa:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct NnTtha.svg]]
* ണ് (ṇ) + ഡ (ḍa) gives the ligature ṇḍa:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct NnDda.svg]]
* ണ് (ṇ) + ഢ (ḍʱa) gives the ligature ṇḍʱa:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct NnDdha.svg]]
* ക് (k) + ണ (ṇa) gives the ligature kṇa:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct KNna.svg]]
* ണ് (ṇ) + ണ (ṇa) gives the ligature ṇṇa:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct NnNna.svg]]
* ഷ് (ṣ) + ണ (ṇa) gives the ligature ṣṇa:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct SsNna.svg]]
* ണ് (ṇ) + മ (ma) gives the ligature ṇma:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct NnMa.svg]]
* ക് (k) + ഷ് (ṣ) + ണ (ṇa) gives the ligature kṣṇa:
[[File:Malayalam conjunct KSsNna.svg]]

==Odia Ṇa==
{{multiple image
| width = 100px
| image1 = Odia letter Nna.svg
| alt1 = Odia independent letter Ṇa
| image2 = Odia subjoined Nna.svg
| alt2 = Odia subjoined letter Ṇa
| footer = Odia independent and subjoined letter Ṇa.
}}

'''Ṇa''' ('''ଣ''') is a consonant of the [[Odia script|Odia]] [[abugida]]. It ultimately arose from the [[Brahmi]] letter [[Image:Brahmi nn.svg|13px|Ṇ]], via the [[Siddhaṃ script|Siddhaṃ]] letter [[Image:Siddham nn.svg|x15px|Ṇa]] ''Nna''. Like in other Indic scripts, Odia consonants have the inherent vowel "a", and take one of several modifying vowel signs to represent syllables with another vowel or no vowel at all.

{| class=wikitable
|+ Odia Nna with vowel matras
|-
! Nna !! Nnā !! Nni !! Nnī !! Nnu !! Nnū !! Nnr̥ !! Nnr̥̄ !! Nnl̥ !! Nnl̥̄ !! Nne !! Nnai !! Nno !! Nnau !! Nn
|-
| {{big|ଣ}} || {{big|ଣା}} || {{big|ଣି}} || {{big|ଣୀ}} || {{big|ଣୁ}} || {{big|ଣୂ}} || {{big|ଣୃ}} || {{big|ଣୄ}} || {{big|ଣୢ}} || {{big|ଣୣ}} || {{big|ଣେ}} || {{big|ଣୈ}} || {{big|ଣୋ}} || {{big|ଣୌ}} || {{big|ଣ୍}}
|}

=== Conjuncts of ଣ ===
As is common in Indic scripts, Odia joins letters together to form conjunct consonant clusters. The most common conjunct formation is achieved by using a small subjoined form of trailing consonants. Most consonants' subjoined forms are identical to the full form, just reduced in size, although a few drop the curved headline or have a subjoined form not directly related to the full form of the consonant. The second type of conjunct formation is through pure ligatures, where the constituent consonants are written together in a single graphic form. This ligature may be recognizable as being a combination of two characters or it can have a conjunct ligature unrelated to its constituent characters.

* ଣ୍ (ṇ) + ଡ (ḍa) gives the ligature ṇḍa:
[[File:Odia conjunct NnDda.svg]]
* ଣ୍ (ṇ) + ଣ (ṇa) gives the ligature ṇṇa:
[[File:Odia conjunct NnNna.svg]]


==References==
{{reflist}}
::{{note|note|note}} Conjuncts are identified by [[IAST]] transliteration, except aspirated consonants are indicated with a superscript "h" to distinguish from an unaspirated cononant + [[Ha (Indic)|Ha]], and the use of the IPA "ŋ" and "ʃ" instead of the less dinstinctive "ṅ" and "ś".

{{Devanagari_abugida}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nxa (Indic)}}
[[Category:Indic letters]]

Ṇa (Indic) - Revision history

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