https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=%C4%80tman-BrahmanĀtman-Brahman - Revision history2026-10-28T15:17:19ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C4%80tman-Brahman&diff=546642&oldid=prevIrinaequalliat: Entry!2026-03-08T08:46:47Z<p>Entry!</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Hindu philosophical concept}}<br />
[[File:Mozzercork - Heart (by).jpg|thumb|[[Swan]] (Hansa, हंस) is a symbol for Ātman-Brahman within Hindu iconography.<ref>Lindsay Jones (2005), ''Encyclopedia of religion'', Volume 13, Macmillan Reference, {{ISBN|978-0028657332}}, page 8894, Quote: "In Hindu iconography the swan personifies Brahman-Atman, the transcendent yet immanent ground of being, the Self."</ref><ref>Denise Cush (2007), Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Routledge, {{ISBN|978-0415556231}}, page 697</ref>]] <br />
{{Hindu philosophy}}<br />
'''Ātman-Brahman''' is a cornerstone idea in [[Hinduism|Hindu]] religions, texts, and philosophies that [[Ātman (Hinduism)|Ātman]] (innermost self or essence) and [[Brahman]] (unchanging and eternal [[ultimate reality]]) are one and the same, or simultaneously different and non-different. This Ātman-Brahman synthesis is central to the [[Upanishads]] and various other traditions, such as [[Advaita Vedanta]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Jeaneane D.|last=Fowler|title=Perspectives of Reality: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Hinduism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8dRZ4E-qgz8C|year=2002|publisher=Sussex Academic Press|isbn=978-1-898723-93-6}}{{Dead link|date=October 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><br />
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In the Upanishads, Brahman is either identical to Ātman or a part of Brahman without being identical to it.<ref>{{Citation | last =Koller | first =John | year =2012 | chapter =Shankara | editor-last1 =Meister | editor-first1 =Chad | editor-last2 =Copan | editor-first2 =Paul | title =Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Religion | publisher =Routledge | isbn =978-0415782944}}</ref> Other perspectives include [[Dualism|dualistic]] and [[Nondualism|nondualistic]] interpretations of Ātman-Brahman.<ref name=mmyers>Michael Myers (2000), Brahman: A Comparative Theology, Routledge, {{ISBN|978-0700712571}}, pages 124–127</ref> Among the non-dualistic interpretations is Advaita Vedanta, which believes that Brahman is divine and identical to Ātman, as well as ''[[Para Brahman|nirguna]]'' (without attributes), eternal, love, "being-consciousness-bliss".<ref>{{Citation | last =Deutsch | first =Eliot | year =1973 | title =Advaita Vedanta: A Philosophical Reconstruction | publisher =University of Hawaii Press}}</ref><br />
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The Ātman-Brahman synthesis is rejected by [[Āstika and nāstika|nāstika]] traditions, such as [[Buddhism]] and [[Jainism]], which reject the existence of a universal, unchanging Ātman.<ref>{{citation |author-link=Monier Monier-Williams |last=Monier-Williams |first=Monier |title=Monier-Williams Sanskrit Dictionary |publisher=Nataraj Books |year=2006 |isbn=1-881338-58-4}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|ref=none|first=Gavin D. |last=Flood |url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontohi0000floo |title=An Introduction to Hinduism |date=13 July 1996 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-43878-0 |page=[https://archive.org/details/introductiontohi0000floo/page/116 116] |url-access=registration}}</ref><br />
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==References==<br />
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[[Category:Hindu philosophical concepts]]</div>Irinaequalliat