Editing Battle of Monte Cassino order of battle January 1944

{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Campaignbox Italy}}
'''Battle of Monte Cassino order of battle January 1944''' is a listing of the significant formations that were involved in the fighting on the [[Winter Line]] January 1944 during the period generally known as the [[Battle of Monte Cassino|First Battle of Monte Cassino]]. 

==[[Allied Armies in Italy]]==
:'''C-in-C:''' [[General (United Kingdom)|General]] [[Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis|Sir Harold Alexander]]
:'''Chief of Staff:''' [[Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom)|Lieutenant-General]] [[John Harding, 1st Baron Harding of Petherton|Sir John Harding]]

===[[United States Army North|U.S. Fifth Army]]===
'''Commander:'''
:[[Lieutenant general (United States)|Lieutenant-General]] [[Mark W. Clark|Mark Wayne Clark]]

====[[X Corps (United Kingdom)|British X Corps]] (left)====
:Lieutenant-General Sir [[Richard McCreery]]
:*[[File:5th UK Infantry Division.svg|20px]]  [[5th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)|'''British 5th Infantry Division''']] (Major-General [[Gerald Bucknall]] to 22 January then Major-General [[Philip Gregson-Ellis|P. G. S. Gregson-Ellis]]<ref>Molony, p. 607.</ref>)
:**[[13th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)|13th Infantry Brigade]] (Brigadier L. M. Campbell)
:***2nd Battalion, [[Cameronians (Scottish Rifles)]]
:***2nd Battalion, [[Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers]]
:***2nd Battalion, [[Wiltshire Regiment]]
:**[[15th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)|15th Infantry Brigade]] (Brigadier E. O. Martin until 22 January then Brigadier [[John Yeldham Whitfield]]<ref>Molony, p. 607n</ref>)
:***1st Battalion, [[Green Howards]]
:***1st Battalion, [[King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry]]
:***1st Battalion, [[York and Lancaster Regiment]]
:**[[17th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)|17th Infantry Brigade]] (Brigadier [[Alfred Dudley Ward|Dudley Ward]])
:***2nd Battalion, [[Royal Scots Fusiliers]]
:***2nd Battalion, [[Northamptonshire Regiment]]
:***6th Battalion, [[Seaforth Highlanders]]
:**[[22nd Guards Brigade|201st Guards Brigade]] (under command) (Brigadier R. B. R. Colvin)
:***6th Battalion, [[Grenadier Guards]]
:***3rd Battalion, [[Coldstream Guards]]
:***2nd Battalion, [[Scots Guards]]
:**Divisional troops
:***[[91st (4th London) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***[[92nd (5th London) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***[[98th (Surrey & Sussex Yeomanry Queen Mary's) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***[[156th (Lanarkshire Yeomanry) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***[[102nd (Pembroke Yeomanry) Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***[[52nd (6th London) Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***18th Light Anti-aircraft Regiment, [[Royal Artillery]]
:***[[57th (Wessex) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery|215th (Gosport & Fareham) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Battery, Royal Artillery]]
:***5th Reconnaissance Regiment
:***[[50th Royal Tank Regiment]] (One squadron attached from Corps troops)
:***7th Battalion, [[Cheshire Regiment]] (Machine gun)
:***245th, 252nd and 38th Field companies, [[Royal Engineers]]
:***254th Field Park Company, RE
:***18th Bridge Platoon, RE
:*[[File:46 inf div -vector.svg|20px]]  [[46th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)|'''British 46th Infantry Division''']] (Major-General [[John Hawkesworth (British Army officer)|John Hawkesworth]])
:**[[128th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)|128th Infantry Brigade]] (Brigadier [[Manley Angell James]])
:***2nd Battalion, [[Hampshire Regiment]]
:***1/4th Battalion, Hampshire Regiment
:***5th Battalion, Hampshire Regiment
:**[[138th (Lincoln and Leicester) Brigade|138th Infantry Brigade]] (Brigadier G. P. Harding)
:***6th Battalion, [[Lincolnshire Regiment]]
:***2/4th Battalion, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry
:***6th Battalion, York and Lancaster Regiment
:**[[139th (Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire) Brigade|139th Infantry Brigade]] (Brigadier R. E. H. Stott)
:***2/5th Battalion, [[Leicestershire Regiment]]
:***5th Battalion, [[Sherwood Foresters]]
:***16th Battalion, [[Durham Light Infantry]]
:**Divisional troops
:***[[70th (West Riding) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***71st (West Riding) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery
:***172nd Field Regiment, Royal Artillery
:***5th Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery
:***[[58th (Duke of Wellington's Regiment) Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***[[115th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***215th Heavy Anti-aircraft Battery, Royal Artillery
:***46th Reconnaissance Regiment
:***[[List of Royal Northumberland Fusiliers battalions in World War II#2|2nd Battalion]], [[Royal Northumberland Fusiliers]] (Machine gun)
:***270th, 271st and 272nd Field companies, [[Royal Engineers]]
:***273rd Field Park Company, RE
:***201st Bridge Platoon, RE
:***[[40th Royal Tank Regiment]] (attached from Corps troops<ref>Molony, p. 278n.</ref>)
:*[[File:British 56th (1st London) Division insignia.png|20px]]  [[56th (London) Division|'''British 56th Infantry Division''']] (Major-General [[Gerald Templer]])
:**[[167th (1st London) Brigade|167th (London) Infantry Brigade]] (Brigadier C. E. A. Firth until 29 January then Brigadier J. Scott-Elliott<ref name="Molony608">Molony, p. 608n.</ref>)
:***8th Battalion, [[Royal Fusiliers]]
:***9th Battalion, Royal Fusiliers
:***7th Battalion, [[Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry]]
:**[[168th (2nd London) Brigade|168th (London) Infantry Brigade]] (Brigadier K. C. Davidson)
:***10th Battalion, [[Royal Berkshire Regiment]]
:***1st Battalion, [[London Scottish (regiment)|London Scottish]]
:***1st Battalion, [[London Irish Rifles]]
:**[[169th (3rd London) Brigade|169th (London) Infantry Brigade]] (Brigadier [[Lewis Lyne|L. O. Lyne]])
:***2/5th Battalion, [[Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)]]
:***2/6th Battalion, Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)
:***2/7th Battalion, Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)
:**Divisional troops
:***[[64th (7th London) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***[[65th (8th London) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***[[113th (Home Counties) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***[[142nd (Royal Devon Yeomanry) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***[[51st (Midland) Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***[[67th Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***100th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment,  Royal Artillery]]
:***[[57th (Wessex) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery|214th (Southsea) Heavy Anti-aircraft Battery, Royal Artillery]]
:***44th Reconnaissance Regiment
:***6th Battalion, Cheshire Regiment (Machine gun)
:***220th and 221st Field Companies, Royal Engineers
:***[[501st (London) Field Company, Royal Engineers]]
:***563rd Field Park Company, RE
:***[[40th Royal Tank Regiment]] (One squadron attached from Corps troops<ref name="Molony608"/>
:*'''Corps Troops'''
:** [[23rd Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom)|British 23rd Armoured Brigade]] (Brigadier [[Robert Arkwright]])
:***40th Royal Tank Regiment (less detachments)
:***50th Royal Tank Regiment (less detachments)
:***[[Queen's Westminsters|11th Battalion]], [[King's Royal Rifle Corps]]
:** [[2nd Special Service Brigade]] (Brigadier T. D. L. Churchill)
:***[[No. 9 Commando]]
:***[[No. 10 (Inter Allied) Commando]]
:***[[No. 40 (Royal Marine) Commando]]
:***[[No. 43 (Royal Marine) Commando]] (less detachments)<ref name="Molony608"/>
:**[[2nd Army Group Royal Artillery]] (under command)<ref name="Molony608"/>
:***[[78th (Lowland) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***[[69th (Caernarvon & Denbigh Yeomanry) Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***[[74th Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***[[140th (5th London) Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***[[56th Heavy Regiment, Royal Artillery]]
:***[[146th (Pembroke & Cardiganshire) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery]]

====[[II Corps (United States)|U.S. II Corps]] (centre)====
:Major-General [[Geoffrey Keyes]]
:*[[File:United States Army 1st Armored Division CSIB.svg|20px]] [[1st Armored Division (United States)|'''U.S. 1st Armored Division''']] (Major General [[Ernest N. Harmon]])
:**6th Armored Infantry Regiment
:***3 Armoured Infantry Battalions
:**1st Armored Regiment
:***3 Tank Battalions
:**13th Armored Regiment
:***3 Tank Battalions
:**[[67th Armored Regiment]]
:***3 Tank Battalions
:**Divisional troops
:***27th, 68th and 91st Armored Field Artillery Battalions
:***[[16th Engineer Battalion (United States)|16th Engineer Battalion]]
:***81st Reconnaissance Squadron
:***[[601st Tank Destroyer Battalion]] (Self Propelled) (Attached)
:*[[File:34th 'Red Bull' Infantry Division SSI.svg|20px]] [[34th Infantry Division (United States)|'''U.S. 34th Infantry Division''']] (Major General [[Charles W. Ryder]])
:**[[133rd Infantry Regiment (United States)|133rd Infantry Regiment]]
:***3 infantry battalions (1st, 3rd, 100th)
:**[[135th Infantry Regiment (United States)|135th Infantry Regiment]]
:***3 infantry battalions
:**[[168th Infantry Regiment (United States)|168th Infantry Regiment]]
:***3 infantry battalions
:**Divisional troops
:***125th, 151st and 175th ([[M101 howitzer|105mm]]) Artillery Battalions 
:***185th ([[M114 155 mm howitzer|155mm]]) Artillery Battalion 
:***109th Engineer Battalion
:*[[File:36th Infantry Division CSIB.svg|20px]] [[36th Infantry Division (United States)|'''U.S. 36th Infantry Division''']] (Major General [[Fred L. Walker]])
:**[[141st Infantry Regiment (United States)|141st Infantry Regiment]]
:***3 infantry battalions
:**[[142nd Infantry Regiment (United States)|142nd Infantry Regiment]]
:***3 infantry battalions
:**[[143rd Infantry Regiment (United States)|143rd Infantry Regiment]]
:***3 infantry battalions
:**Divisional troops
:***131st, 132nd and 133rd ([[M101 howitzer|105mm]]) Artillery Battalions 
:***155th ([[M114 155 mm howitzer|155mm]]) Artillery Battalion 
:***111th Engineer Battalion
:*[[File:1st Special Service Force.patch.jpg|20px]] '''[[1st Special Service Force]]''' (Brigadier-General [[Robert T. Frederick]])
:**3 Regiments of two battalions. Each battalion two companies.<ref name="Molony513">Molony, p. 513.</ref>
:**1 battery airborne artillery<ref name="Molony513"/>
:*{{Flagicon|ITA}} '''1st Italian Motorised Group''' (Brigadier-General [[Vincenzo Dapino]])
:**67th Infantry Regiment<ref>Molony, p. 519.</ref>
:**51st Bersaglieri Battalion
:**11th Artillery Regiment
:**5th Anti-tank Regiment
:**One engineer battalion

====[[French Expeditionary Corps (1943-1944)|French Expeditionary Corps]] (right)====
:General [[Alphonse Juin]]
:*[[File:Insigne de la 3° DIA.JPG|20px]] '''[[3rd Algerian Infantry Division]]''' (Major-General [[Joseph de Goislard de Monsabert]])
:**3rd Algerian Tirailleurs Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**4th Tunisian Tirailleurs Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**7th Algerian Tirailleurs Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**4th [[Tabor (Morocco)|Group of Tabors]]
:***3 tabors
:**Divisional troops
:***67th African Artillery Regiment
:***83rd Engineer Battalion
:***3rd Algerian [[Spahis]] Reconnaissance Regiment
:*[[File:Insigne 2° DIM.jpg|20px]] '''[[2nd Moroccan Infantry Division]]''' (Brigadier-General André M. Dody)
:**4th Moroccan Tirailleurs Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**5th Moroccan Tirailleurs Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**8th Moroccan Tirailleurs Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**3rd Group of Tabors
:***3 tabors
:**Divisional troops
:***63rd African Artillery Regiment
:***87th Engineer Battalion
:***3rd Moroccan Spahis Reconnaissance Regiment

==== Army Reserve====
:*[[File:45thIBCTSSI.png|20px]] [[45th Infantry Division (United States)|'''U.S. 45th Infantry Division''']] (Major General [[William W. Eagles]])
:Was sent to [[Battle of Anzio|Anzio]] and took no part in the fighting at Cassino

==[[Army Group C|German Army Group C]]==
'''Commander:'''
:[[Generalfeldmarschall|Field Marshal]] [[Albert Kesselring]]

===[[10th Army (Wehrmacht)|German Tenth Army]]===
:'''Commander:''' General (''Generaloberst'') [[Heinrich von Vietinghoff]]

====XIV Panzer Corps====
:Lieutenant-General (''General der Panzertruppe'') [[Fridolin von Senger und Etterlin]]
:*[[File:5th Mountain Division logo.svg|20px]] '''[[German 5th Mountain Division|5th Mountain Division]]''' (until 17 January<ref name="Ellis551">Ellis, p. 551.</ref>) (Lieutenant General (''General der Gebirgstruppe'') [[Julius Ringel]])
:**85th Mountain Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**100th Mountain Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**Divisional troops
:***95th Reconnaissance battalion
:***95th Mountain Artillery battalion
:***95th Anti-tank battalion
:***95th Mountain Engineer battalion
:*[[File:33rd Infanterie-Division logo 1.jpg|25px]] [[33rd Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)|'''15th Panzer Grenadier Division''']] (Major General (''Generalleutnant'') [[Eberhard Rodt]])
:**104th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**115th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**129th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**Divisional troops
:***115th Armoured Reconnaissance battalion
:***115th Panzer battalion
:***33rd Artillery battalion
:***33rd Anti-tank battalion
:***115th Engineer battalion
:* [[44th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)|'''44th Reichsgrenadier Division''']] (Major General (''Generalleutnant'') [[Friedrich Franek]])
:**131st Infantry Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**132nd Infantry Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**134th Infantry Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**Divisional troops
:***44th Fusilier battalion
:***96th Artillery Regiment
:***46th Anti-tank battalion
:***96th Engineer battalion
:*[[File:94th Infanterie Division Logo 1.svg|20px]] [[94th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)|'''94th Infantry Division''']] (Major General (''Generalleutnant'') [[Bernhard Steinmetz]])
:**267th Infantry Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**274th Infantry Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**276th Infantry Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**Divisional troops
:***94th Fusilier battalion
:***194th Artillery Regiment
:***194th Anti-tank battalion
:***94th Engineer battalion
:*[[File:Balkenkreuz.svg|20px]] [[71st Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)|'''71st Infantry Division''']] (from 17 January)<ref>Ellis p. 550.</ref> (Major General (''Generalleutnant'') [[Wilhelm Raapke]])
:**191st Infantry Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**194th Infantry Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**211st Infantry Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**Divisional troops
:***171st Fusilier battalion
:***171st Artillery Regiment
:***171st Anti-tank battalion
:***171st Engineer battalion
:*[[File:3.Infanterie-Division.jpg|20px]] [[3rd Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)|'''3rd Panzergrenadier Division''']] (relieved 5th Mountain Division on 17 January<ref name="Ellis551"/>) (Lieutenant General (''General der Panzertruppen'') [[Fritz-Hubert Gräser]])
:**8th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
:***3 battalions

===Army Reserve===
:*[[File:FPD HG Symbol.svg|20px]] [[Fallschirm-Panzer Division 1 Hermann Göring|'''Fallschirm-Panzer-Division 1''']]

====[[I Parachute Corps (Germany)|German I Parachute Corps]]====
:Under Kesselring's direct command)<ref>Molony, p. 586.</ref>{{#tag:ref|Both divisions were released to XIV Panzer Corps on 18 January<ref name="Ellis551"/>|group="Note"}}
:Lieutenant-General [[Alfred Schlemm]]
:*[[File:29th Infanterie Division Logo.svg|25px]] [[29th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)|'''29th Panzergrenadier Division''']]
:**15th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**71st Panzer Grenadier Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**Divisional troops
:***129th Armoured Reconnaissance battalion
:***129th Panzer battalion
:***29th Artillery Regiment
:***29th Anti-tank battalion
:***29th Engineer battalion
:*[[File:90th leichte Afrika Division Logo 2.svg|20px]] [[90th Light Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)|'''90th Panzergrenadier Division''']]
:**155th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**200th Panzer Grenadier Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**361st Panzer Grenadier Regiment
:***3 battalions
:**Divisional troops
:***190th Armoured Reconnaissance battalion
:***190th Panzer battalion
:***190th Artillery Regiment
:***90th Anti-tank battalion
:***90th Engineer battalion

==Notes==
;Footnotes
{{Reflist|group=Note}}
;Citations
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==Sources==
*{{cite book|first=John| last=Ellis| title=Cassino, The Hollow Victory: The Battle for Rome, January-June 1944| location=London| publisher=Arum Press| year=2003| origyear=1984| isbn=1-85410-916-2 }}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.unithistories.com/default.asp |title=World War II unit histories and officers |accessdate=2010-10-30 |last=Houterman |first=Hans |author2=Koppes, Jeroen |archive-date=26 June 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626104300/http://www.unithistories.com/default.asp |url-status=dead }}
*{{cite book| first=H. F.| last=Joslen| title=Orders of battle : Second World War, 1939-1945| publisher=Naval & Military Press| location=Uckfield| year=2003| origyear=1st Pub. [[HMSO]] 1960| isbn=1-84342-474-6}}
*{{cite book|first3=Major-General H.L.| last3=Davies| last2=with Flynn| first2=Captain F.C. (R.N.)| last1=Molony| first1=Brigadier C.J.C.| last4=Gleave| first4=Group Captain T.P.|editor-last=Butler| editor-first=Sir James| editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series| title=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume V: The Campaign in Sicily 1943 and The Campaign in Italy 3rd September 1943 to 31st March 1944| publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, UK |year=2004| origyear=1st. pub. [[HMSO]]:1973| isbn=1-84574-069-6| name-list-style=amp}}
* {{cite web|url=http://www.ordersofbattle.com/OOBDefault.aspx |title=Orders of Battle.com |accessdate=2010-10-30 |last= |first= |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070717145740/http://www.ordersofbattle.com/OOBDefault.aspx |archivedate=17 July 2007 |df=dmy }}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.axishistory.com/index.php?id=30 |title=Axis History Factbook: German army order of battle |accessdate=2010-10-30 |last=Wendell |first=Marcus |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061029135233/http://axishistory.com/index.php?id=30 |archivedate=29 October 2006 |df=dmy-all }}

[[Category:World War II orders of battle|Monte Cassino]]
[[Category:Italian campaign (World War II)]]
[[Category:Battle of Monte Cassino]]